← Library
Patna High CourtCWJC/14146/2025disposed

Md. Muzaffar Nasim v. The State Of Bihar

2025-09-02Mr. Justice Harish Kumar11 pages

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA

Civil Writ Jurisdiction Case No.14146 of 2025 ====================================================== 1.

Md. Muzaffar Nasim Son of Md. Musa, Resident of Village - Ram Nagar Tola, Hatgaon, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria. 2.

Md. Wasimur Rahman, Son of Abdul Razzak, Resident of Village - Bagdahra, P.S.-Jokihat, District - Araria.

3.

Md. Mazahir Alam, Son of Md. Alim Uddin, Resident of Village - Sisouna Tola Bhebra, P.O. and P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria. 4.

Abdul Wahid, Son of Abdul Barique, Resident of Village - Darshana Kachhari Tola, P.O. and P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria. 5.

Abdur Rauf, Son of Md. Tahir Hussain, Resident of Village - Thapkol, P.O.- Jokihat, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Arariya.

6.

Md. Mojeebur Rahman, Son of Abdul Jabbar, Resident of Village - Tola Ajhwa, Singar Mahni, P.S.- Jokihat, District - Araria. 7.

Md. Alam, Son of Md. Irfan Ali, Resident of Village - Darshana Bazar, P.S.- 8.

Md. Muzaffar Alam, Son of Jahir Uddin, Resident of Village - Darshana Bazar, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

9.

Md. Tajuddin, Son of S.K. Riyasat Hussain, Resident of Village - Darshana Bazar, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

10.

Md. Ekramuddin, Son of Hazi Abdul Majid, Resident of Village - Jhawwari, Belwa, P.S. -Araria, District - Arariya.

11.

Mumtaz Alam, Son of Ali Mohammad, Resident of Village - Jhowwari, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

12.

Mansoor Alam, Son of Zainuddin, Resident of Village - Jogindar, P.S. - Mahalgaon, District - Araria.

13.

Shahid Ahmad, Son of Abdul Majid, Resident of Village - Jogindar, P.S. - Mahalgaon, District - Araria.

14.

Firoz Alam, Son of Ghani Mohammad, Resident of Village - Chakai, Chakiyahat, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria. 15.

Md. Imran, Son of Amjad Ali, Resident of Village - Farsadangi Bagdahara, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

16.

Md. Jamaluddin, Son of Abbas Ali, Resident of Village - Pokharia Tola, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

17.

Bibi Shamima Akhtar, Wife of Akhtar Hussain, Resident of Village - Joginder, Bhansiya, P.S. - Mahalgaon, District - Araria. 18.

Md. Idris, Son of Sanaullah, Resident of Village - Jogindar, Ward No.- 10, P.S. - Mahal Gaon, District - Araria.

19.

Md. Yohya Nomani, Son of Md. Tahir, Resident of Village - Ekauna Tola Kusair Gaon, P.S. - Araia, District - Araria. 20.

Ejaz Ahmad, Son of Mohammad Iliyas, Resident of Village - Prasadpur, P.S. - Mahalgaon, District - Araria.

2/11 21.

Md. Mojibur Rahman, Son of Shaikh Saidur Rahman, Resident of Village - Ghormara Prasadpur Domaria, P.S. - Mahalgaon, District - Araria. 22.

Md. Majid Hussain, Son of Alhaj Abul Hasan, Resident of Village - Joginder, Bhansiya, P.S. - Mahalgaon, District - Araria. 23.

Md. Jawaid Islam @ Md. Javed Islam, Son of Md. Islamuddin, Resident of Village - Jogider Bhansiya Gairki, P.S. - Mahalgaon, District - Araria. 24.

Md. Tauhid Alam, Son of Sarfuddin, Resident of Village- Miyanpur, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

25.

Md. Ataur Rahman Ansari, Son of Md. Najamuddin Ansari, Resident of Village - Angarh Hat, Kochadhaman, District - Kishanganj. 26.

Md. Alimuddin, Son of Md. Nazam Uddin, Resident of Village - Nauwa Nankar Hatgachhi, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria. 27.

Zamir Uddin, Son of Ataur Rahman, Resident of Village - Thapkol, Girda, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

28.

Md. Badruddoza, Son of Md. Basiru Uddin, Resident of Village - Dhobiniya, Simariya, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria. 29.

Md. Sohrab Alam, Son of Md. Ashabuddin, Resident of Village - Parwanpur, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

30.

Abdur Razzaque, Son of Md. Ilyas, Resident of Village - Thapkol, P.S. - 31.

Md. Lique Ahmad, Son of Md. Israil, Resident of Village - Duba Jama Masjid Tola, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria. 32.

Abdul Matin, Son of Sulaiman, Resident of Village - Kamat Duba, P.S. - 33.

Md. Mumtaz Alam, Son of Riyajul Haque, Resident of Village - Sahangaon, Amour, P.S. - Amour, District - Purnia.

34.

Md. Mamnoon Alam, Son of Abdul Rahim, Resident of Village - Saidpur Surjapur, P.S. - Dalkola, District - Uttar Dinajpur, West Bangal. 35.

Abdur Rauf, Son of Md. Siddique, Resident of Village - Duba, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

36.

Md. Jahid Hussain, Son of Abdul Haidar, Resident of Village - Joginder, Bhansiya, P.S. - Mahalgaon, District - Araria. 37.

Md. Rahil Akhter, Son of Md. Allam, Resident of Village - Mahdi Nagar, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

38.

Md. Azimuddin, Son of Raisuddin, Resident of Village - Baluwa Katiyaganj, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

39.

Md. Aminuddin, Son of Nisarat Ali, Resident of Village - Amirpur Dhabaili, P.S.- Palasi, District - Araria.

40.

Md. Shahid Alam, Son of Abid Hussain, Resident of Village - Balwa Kaliyaganj, P.S.- Palasi, District - Araria.

41.

Md. Mojibur Rahman, Son of Tahir Hussain, Resident of Village - Deghli, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

42.

Md. Motiur Rahman, Son of Md. Farid, Resident of Village - Sukhsaina

3/11 Kakan, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

43.

Islamuddin, Son of Akhter Hussain, Resident of Village - Sukhsaina Kakan, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

44.

Abdul Khalique, Son of Abdus Samad, Resident of Village - Kamat, P.S. - 45.

Md. Arshad Taj, Son of Md. Tajuddin, Resident of Village - Gaiyari, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

46.

Md. Badiuzzaman, Son of Md. Helaluddin, Resident of Village - Sukhsaina Tola Balwa, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria. 47.

Md. Sikandar Alam, Son of Md. Mohsin, Resident of Village - Balwa Road Kakan, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

48.

Md. Tajuddin, Son of Aaulad Hussain, Resident of Village - Madarsa Tola, Balwa, Sukhsaina, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria. 49.

Md. Ehteshan, Son of Md. Inamul Haque, Resident of Village - Pothia, Forbisganj, P.S. - Simraha, District - Araria. 50.

Md. Junaid Alam, Son of Abdul Rab, Resident of Village - Miyanpur, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

51.

Md. Arshad Ghani, Son of Md. Murshid Alam, Resident of Village - Miyanpur, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

52.

Md. Imtiyaz Alam, Son of Md. Ansar Alam, Resident of Village - Farshadhangi, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria. 53.

Sadique Akhtar, Son of Md. Ishaque, Resident of Village - Gairki Musuriya Tola, Farsha Dangi, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria. 54.

Md. Alimuddin, Son of Md. Nizamuddin, Resident of Village - Kakan, P.S. - 55.

Abdur Raquib, Son of Kaffeel Uddin, Resident of Village - Gaiyari, P.S. - Araia, District - Araria.

56.

Md. Geyasuddin, Son of Md. Jainul Abadin, Resident of Village - Madarsha Tola Kelabari, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria. 57.

Md. Rabban Alam, Son of Ahmad Hussain, Resident of Village - Bardaha, Nathpur, P.S. - Narpatganj, District - Araria. 58.

Md. Nazir Alam, Son of Md. Paziruddin, Resident of Village - Maulanapur, P.S. - Korha, District - Katihar.

59.

Md. Shahanwaz, Son of Md. Tahir, Resident of Village - Chawal Mil Chakdaha Chowk, Forbisganj, P.S. - Narpatganj, District - Araria. 60.

Md. Mohiuddin Khan, Son of Late Zakir Uddin, Resident of Village - Pulha, P.S. - Narpatganj, District - Araria.

61.

Md. Haroon, Son of Md. Hasibur Rahman, Resident of Village - Dholbaja, P.S. - Forbisganj, District - Araria.

62.

Md. Mobin Akhtar, Son of Md. Motiur Rahman, Resident of Village - Dumariya Naya Tola, Bistoriya, P.S. - Raniganj, District - Araria. 63.

Md. Ainul Haque, Son of Gani Mohammad, Resident of Village - Pokhariya, P.S. - Araria, Bairgachhi, District - Araria.

4/11 64.

Md. Dawood Alam, Son of Khaleel, Resident of Village - Bandob Phokharia, P.S. - Araria Bairgachhi, District - Araria. 65.

Md. Wasiqul Qumar, Son of Md. Siddique, Resident of Village - Farasut, P.S. - Araria Bairgachhi , District - Araria. 66.

Md. Farman Ali, Son of Seikh Tinkori, Resident of Village - Mirzabhag, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

67.

Md. Mohiuddin, Son of Samsuddin, Resident of Village - Duba, P.S. - 68.

Md. Aiyub Ansari, Son of Haji Noor Mohammad, Resident of Village - Sukhsaina, Denga, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria. 69.

Maktub Alam, Son of Amiruddin, Resident of Village - Dhangarha Garumara, P.S. - Palasi, District - Kishanganj. 70.

Md. Aiyub Alam, Son of Jamil Akhtar, Resident of Village - Fulsara Chouri, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

71.

Md. Miftahul Haque, Son of Md. Shafi, Resident of Village - Gaiyari, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

72.

Md. Shafique Anjum, Son of Abdul Latif, Resident of Village - Jhirwa Purwari, P.S. - Simraha, District - Araria.

73.

Md. Maqubool Alam, Son of Md. Qashim, Resident of Village - Jhirwa Purwari, P.S. - Simraha, District - Araria.

74.

Md. Nasib Ahmad, Son of Md. Mohiuddin, Resident of Village - Jhirwa Purwari, P.S. - Simraha, District - Araria.

75.

Md. Farooque Azam, Son of Abdul Hafiz, Resident of Village - Domariya, Bistoria, P.S. - Raniganj, District - Araria. 76.

Jamil Ahmad, Son of Sirajuddin, Resident of Village - Dumaria Nahar Tola, Bistoria, P.S. - Raniganj, District - Araria. 77.

Md. Jasimuddin, Son of Mohiuddin, Resident of Village - Dumaria Bistoria, P.S. - Raniganj, District - Araria.

78.

Md. Saukat Alam, Son of Sahidur Rahman, Resident of Village - Gaiyari, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

79.

Md. Mansoor Alam, Son of Ziaur Rahman, Resident of Village - Gaiyasi, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

80.

Abdur Razaque, Son of Kafil Uddin, Resident of Village - Millat Nagar, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

81.

Md. Ajmal Hussain, Son of Md. Razzod, Resident of Village - Gaiyari, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

82.

Md. Anwarul Haque, Son of Saikh Jawadul Haque, Resident of Village - Girda, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

83.

Md. Manjar Jawed Nomani, Son of Riyaz Uddin, Resident of Village - Bangama Madarsa Tola, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria. 84.

Md. Yasin, Son of Tajuddin, Resident of Village - Bangama P.S. - Araia, District - Araria.

85.

Md. Raza Noor, Son of Md. Yasin, Resident of Village - Chand Bhag, P.S. -

5/11 Madanpur, District - Araria.

86.

Md. Ilyas Akhter, Son of Tafazzul Hassin, Resident of Village - Haji Tola, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

87.

Md. Matiur Rahman, Son of Abdul Majid, Resident of Village - Dumariya, P.S. - Raniganj, District - Araria.

88.

Md. Manzoor Alam, Son of Shahabuddin, Resident of Village - Bagasri Gairki, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

89.

Md. Nasimuddin, Son of Nasiruddin, Resident of Village - Kharaia Basti, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

90.

Md. Salahuddin, Son of Shamsuddin, Resident of Village - Domohana, Mahalgaon, P.S. - Mahalgaon, District - Araria. 91.

Md. Aiyub Alam, Son of Md. Chirag Ali, Resident of Village - Bagesari Gairki, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

92.

Md. Shaiquil Islam, Son of S.K. Shakiluddin, Resident of Village - Chainpur, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

93.

Md. Zubair Alam, Son of Md. Afzal Hussain, Resident of Village - Chainpur, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

94.

Md. Murtaza, Son of Abdul Hafiz, Resident of Village - Chainpur, P.S. - 95.

Md. Azimuddin, Son of Latful Haque, Resident of Village - Dharamganj Bhatta Bari, P.S. -Palasi, District - Araria. 96.

Md. Gufran Ali, Son of Md. Abid Hussain, Resident of Village - Gaiyari, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

97.

Md. Kalimuddin, Son of Md. Hanif, Resident of Village - Chamara Godown, Geyasi Chowk, P.S. - Farbisganj, District - Araria. 98.

Shahin Akhtari, Wife of Gulam Rasul, Resident of Village - Dharbhangiya Tola, P.S. - Farbisganj, District - Araria.

99.

Abdul Halim, Son of Md. Quasim, Resident of Village - Rewahi Narpatganj, P.S. Farbisganj, District - Araria.

.

Sahail Mahmood, Son of Md. Usman Ali, Resident of Village - Khari Basti Dhanweli, P.S. - Sikti, District - Araria.

.

Md. Izhar Alam, Son of Mohammad Shoib Alam, Resident of Village - Ishalam Nagar, Jamil Road, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria. .

Md. Salman Akhtar, Son of Md. Iylas, Resident of Village - Kadhwa, Sabanpur, P.S. - Katihar, District - Katihar. .

Mohammadullah, Son of Dabiruddin, Resident of Village - Rajwakal, Bhuna Majgama, P.S. - Mahalgaon, District - Araria. .

Md. Amjad Baleegh Rahmani, Son of Md. Samiruddin, Resident of Village - Patel Nagar Jogbani, P.S. - Jogbani, District - Araria. .

Md. Alam, Son of Md. Mojibur Rahman, Resident of Village - Bathnahi, P.S. - Bathnaka, District - Saharsha.

.

Manzar Alam, Son of Md. Naseer-Uddin, Resident of Village - Dhapar Tola Jhunki Mushara, P.S. - Palasi, District - Kishanganj.

6/11 .

Md. Abul Kalam, Son of Md. Ishaque, Resident of Village - Babuan Ghurna, P.S. - Narpatganj, District - Araria.

.

Qaiser Shaheen, Son of Ashabuddin, Resident of Village - Mainpur, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

.

Md. Nezamuddin, Son of Md. Kashim Hussain, Resident of Village - Jhirua, Purwari, P.S. - Simraha, District - Araria.

.

Md. Ashfaque Alam, Son of Md. Ayub Alam, Resident of Village - Kutubganj, Kuchaha, P.S. - Sikti, District - Araria.

111. Md. Muslim, Son of Kitab Alee, Resident of Village - Kelawari Machhala, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

.

Md. Athar, Son of Kamal Uddin, Resident of Village - Turkaili, Bhagwanpur, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria. .

Md. Mahboob Alam, Son of Amiruddin, Resident of Village - Mahboob Tola Bokra Haldia, P.S. - Simraha, District - Araria. .

Abdur Rahim, Son of Sahaullah, Resident of Village - Naya Tola Siktiya, P.S. - K. Kanta, District - Araria.

.

Md. Serajuddin, Son of Md. Amanat, Resident of Village - Ashbhag Chaita, Dumaria, P.S. - K. Kanta, District - Araria.

.

Md. Abu Basar, Son of Md. Abunasar, Resident of Village - Haldia, Aaurahi, P.S. - Simraha, Farbisganj, District - Araria. .

Md. Naiyamutullah, Son of Md. Mohsin Alam, Resident of Village - Bokra, P.S. - Simraha, District - Araria.

.

Md. Sahil, Son of Abdul Jabbar, Resident of Village - Madarsha Tola, Haldia, P.S. - Simraha, District - Araria.

.

Md. Arif, Son of Ishlamuddin, Resident of Village - Haldia Saurahi Bokra, P.S. - Simraha, District - Araria.

.

Md. Taha, Son of Hamid, Resident of Village - Araria Basti, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

.

Md. Ekhluque, Son of Karim, Resident of Village - Hardar Tola Rani, P.S. - .

Md. Ehsan, Son of Md. Vikru, Resident of Village - Chakorwa Sonapur Bazar, P.S. - Bathnaha, District - Araria.

.

Md. Ishtiyaque Alam, Son of Md. Helal, Resident of Village - Kujari, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

.

Md. Mojahidur Rahman, Son of Md. Ekhlaque Ahmad, Resident of Village - Taran, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

.

Wasiqur Rahman, Son of Idrish, Resident of Village - Chakai, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

.

Md. Zahid Hussain, Son of Md. Mansoor Alam, Resident of Village - Kharia, Basti, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria. .

Md. Salehin, Son of Md. Shareef, Resident of Village - Safipur, Gaira, P.S. - Araria, District - Araria.

128 Md. Rustam, Son of Md. Rajaul Haque, Resident of Village - Kujri, P.S. -

7/11 .

Palasi, District - Araria.

.

Md. Khurshid Alam, Son of Md. Umar Equbal, Resident of Village - Hatgaon, P.S. - Palasi, District - Araria.

.

Md. Ghalib Hashmi, Son of Md. Nasim Akhtar, Resident of Village - Haldia, P.S. - Simraha, District - Araria.

.

Md. Rafique Alam, Son of Doman Ali, Resident of Village - Sukhsaina, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

.

Md. Mukhtar Alam, Son of Md. Alimuddin, Resident of Village - Kursail Hat, P.S. - Jokihat, District - Araria.

.

Md. Hashim Ali, Son of S.K. Hamid Ali, Resident of Village - Kamaldaha, P.S.- K. Kanta, District - Araria.

.

S.K. Salahuddin, Son of S.K. Islamuddin, Resident of Village - Kamaldaha, P.S. - K. Kanta, District - Araria.

.

Md. Abdul Qausim, Son of Md. Alimuddin, Resident of Village - Mirzapur, Simraha, P.S. - Forbisganj, District - Araria. .

Md. Inamul Haque, Son of Sk. Azam Ali, Resident of Village - Kamaldaha, P.S. - K. Kanta, District - Araria.

... ... Petitioner/s

Versus

1.

The State of Bihar through the Principal Secretary, Education Department, Government of Bihar, Patna.

2.

The Special Director, Secondary Education, Government of Bihar, Patna. 3.

The Additional Chief Secretary, Education Department, Government of Bihar, Patna.

4.

The Principal Secretary, Finance Department, Government of Bihar, Patna. 5.

The District Magistrate, Araria, District- Araria. 6.

The District Education Officer, Araria, District- Araria. 7.

The District Programme Officer, Araria, District- Araria. 8.

The Chairman, Bihar State Madarsa Education Board, 5 Vidyapati Marg Patna, Bihar.

9.

The Secretary, Bihar State Madarsa Education Board, 5 Vidyapati Marg Patna, Bihar.

... ... Respondent/s ====================================================== Appearance :

For the Petitioner/s :

Mr. Subhash Kumar Jha, Adv.

For the Respondent/s :

Mr. Akhileshwar Singh, AC to GA-2 For the Madarsa Board :

Mr. Shahzad Hassan Khan, Adv.

Md. Aslam Ansari, Adv.

====================================================== CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE HARISH KUMAR

8/11 ORAL ORDER 02-09-2025 Heard the parties.

2. The petitioners before this Court are said to be teaching and non-teaching staffs of Government recognized different Madarsas, who have invoked the jurisdiction of this Court seeking a direction upon the respondent authorities to ensure payment of arrears of salary by way of differential amount in the revised pay-scale of 5th, 6th and 7th pay revision.

3. Learned Advocate for the petitioners submitted that issue with regard to the differential amount of pay of teaching and non-teaching employees under the revised pay-scale of 5th and 6th pay revision had come up for consideration before the learned Division Bench of this Court in Baidyanath Jha v. The State of Bihar & Ors. [L.P.A. No.43 of 2016 and other analogous cases], wherein the learned Division Bench in no uncertain terms had directed the State Government to ensure revision of pay-scale under 5th and 6th pay revision together with the dearness allowance admissible thereon. However, the petitioners have been deprived with such benefits and thus they approached this Court.

4. Learned Advocate for the State and learned Advocate for the Madarsa Board submitted at the Bar that the claim of the petitioners are required to be examined by the

9/11 concerned authorities.

5.

On careful consideration of the submissions set forth by the learned Advocate for the respective parties and taking note of the grievance of the petitioners, this Court feels apt and proper to encapsulate the mandate of learned Division Bench in Baidyanath Jha (supra), which reads as follows:- "For the reasons and discussions above, we are satisfied to record that the appellant-writ petitioners have made out a case for indulgence and consequently we direct the respondent authorities in the Education Department including the Principal Secretary to accord the benefits of revision of pay-scales under the 5th and 6th Pay Revisions to the teachers and non-teaching staff of the Non-Government Recognized (Aided) Sanskrit Schools and Madarsas in the same manner as allowed to the teaching and nonteaching staff in the Government Schools together with dearness allowance admissible thereon and let the exercise together with the payment of differential amount of salary to which the teaching and non-teaching staffs in these schools are entitled, be made within a period of three months from today.

We, however, bearing note of the Constitution Bench judgment of the Supreme Court rendered in the case of Krishna Kumar Singh (supra) are not persuaded to allow the

10/11 payment of superannuation benefits to these teaching and non-teaching staffs in these schools because they are employees of the schools which are run by the private managing committees and thus cannot be held government employees for such admissibility. To such extent we refuse the relief of superannuation benefits for the retired employees of the schools for they do not acquire the status of a government employee and the relief that we have allowed is strictly limited to the revision of pay-scales under the 5th and 6th Pay Revisions together with the dearness allowance admissible thereon."

6. This Court has also been informed that other identically situated persons, who have approached this Court, have been directed to approach before the authorities concerned for redressal of their grievance, the copies of which are also placed on record by way of Annexures-P-3 and P-4 series.

7. In view thereof, the present writ petition also stands disposed off with a liberty to the petitioners to file a separate representation before respondent no.6, the District Education Officer, Araria, within a period of four weeks from today.

8. In case, such a representation is filed by the petitioners, the concerned respondent(s) shall be duty bound to consider their representation and dispose off the same in the

11/11 light of the mandate given in Baidyanath Jha (supra) and ensure payment, if found admissible in accordance with law, preferably within a further period of twelve weeks. (Harish Kumar, J) rohit/- U