Jatin Nagar & ANR. v. The State NCT Of Delhi And ANR

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI

+ CRL.M.C. 3938/2025, CRL.M.A. 17219-17220/2025 JATIN NAGAR & ANR.

.....Petitioners Through:

Mr. S.C. Buttan, Mr. Ojasvi Annadi Sharma, Advocates with Petitioners in person versus THE STATE NCT OF DELHI AND ANR .....Respondents Through:

Mr. Hemant Mehla, APP for the State with SI Braham, PS Sultanpuri Mr. Bharat Singh, Advocate for R-2

CORAM:

HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SANJEEV NARULA

O R D E R

% 29.05.2025 1.

The present petition filed under Section 528 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 20231 (erstwhile Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 19732) seeks quashing of FIR No. 1198/2021, registered under Sections 498A/406/34 of the Indian Penal Code, 18603 at P.S. Sultanpuri Delhi, and all other proceedings emanating therefrom. The chargesheet stands filed, wherein Petitioner No. 1 (husband of Respondent No. 2) has been charge-sheeted under Sections 498A, 406, 34 and 377 of the IPC, while Petitioner No. 2 (the brother-in-law/nandoi of Respondent No. 2) under Sections 498A, 406, 34 and 354 of the IPC.

1 "BNSS"

2 "Cr.P.C."

3 "IPC"

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2.

The marriage between Petitioner No. 1 and Respondent No. 2 was solemnized on 29th January, 2019 as per Hindu rites and ceremonies. No child was born from the said marriage. Due to matrimonial discord, the relationship between the parties deteriorated.

Several efforts for reconciliation were made but to no avail.

3.

Subsequently, Respondent No.2 made a complaint against the Petitioners, alleging that she was subjected to cruelty by them, which later culminated into the impugned FIR.

4.

The present petition is filed on the ground that the matter is amicably settled between the parties on their own free will, without any coercion, pressure or undue influence and a Memorandum of Understanding dated 21st November, 2024 has been executed by Petitioner No. 1 and Respondent No.

2. As per the terms of the settlement, Respondent No. 2 has agreed to withdraw all proceedings pending before various Courts. Pursuant to the settlement, Petitioner No. 1 and Respondent No. 2 have obtained a decree of divorce by mutual consent through order dated 26th March, 2025 passed by the Family Court, North West, Rohini, Delhi.

5.

The Complainant is present in person before this Court, and has been duly identified by the Invesitigating Officer as well as her counsel. She affirms the receipt of the entire settlement amount of INR 18,25,000/-, and states that she has no objection to the quashing of the FIR. She further states that her decision to settle the matter is voluntary, and without any coercion or pressure. An affidavit to this effect has also been placed on record. 6.

Considering the fact that the allegations in the FIR also disclose an offence under Section 377 IPC against Petitioner No. 1, and under Section 354 IPC against Petitioner No. 2, this Court specifically queried Respondent The authenticity of the order can be re-verified from Delhi High Court Order Portal by scanning the QR code shown above.

No. 2 regarding her stand on the matter. In response, she submitted that the said allegations were made due to a misunderstanding. She further clarified that the act performed by Petitioner No. 1 was misunderstood by her as unnatural sex, however, this was purely on account of her misunderstanding of the situation, and as per the legal advice received by her at the relevant time. She now unequivocally states that the aforesaid allegations are incorrect, and were made solely on the basis of certain misunderstanding. 7.

The Court has considered the afore-noted facts. Notably, the offences under Sections 498A/377/354 of IPC are non-compoundable, while the offence under Section 406 of IPC is compoundable by the owner of the property is respect of which the breach of trust was committed and, with the permission of the Court.

8.

It is well-established that the High Courts, in exercise of their powers under Section 582 of BNSS (formerly 482 of Cr.P.C.), can compound offences which are non-compoundable on the ground that there is a compromise between the accused and the complainant. In Narinder Singh & Ors. v. State of Punjab & Anr.,4 the Supreme Court laid down guidelines for High Courts while accepting settlement deeds between parties and quashing the proceedings. The relevant observations in the said decision read as under:

"29. In view of the aforesaid discussion, we sum up and lay down the following principles by which the High Court would be guided in giving adequate treatment to the settlement between the parties and exercising its power under Section 482 of the Code while accepting the settlement and quashing the proceedings or refusing to accept the settlement with direction to continue with the criminal proceedings: 29.1. Power conferred under Section 482 of the Code is to be 4 (2014) 6 SCC 466 The authenticity of the order can be re-verified from Delhi High Court Order Portal by scanning the QR code shown above.

distinguished from the power which lies in the Court to compound the offences under Section 320 of the Code. No doubt, under Section 482 of the Code, the High Court has inherent power to quash the criminal proceedings even in those cases which are not compoundable, where the parties have settled the matter between themselves. However, this power is to be exercised sparingly and with caution. 29.2. When the parties have reached the settlement and on that basis petition for quashing the criminal proceedings is filed, the guiding factor in such cases would be to secure:

(i) ends of justice, or (ii) to prevent abuse of the process of any court. While exercising the power the High Court is to form an opinion on either of the aforesaid two objectives.

29.3. Such a power is not to be exercised in those prosecutions which involve heinous and serious offences of mental depravity or offences like murder, rape, dacoity, etc. Such offences are not private in nature and have a serious impact on society. Similarly, for the offences alleged to have been committed under special statute like the Prevention of Corruption Act or the offences committed by public servants while working in that capacity are not to be quashed merely on the basis of compromise between the victim and the offender.

29.4. On the other hand, those criminal cases having overwhelmingly and predominantly civil character, particularly those arising out of commercial transactions or arising out of matrimonial relationship or family disputes should be quashed when the parties have resolved their entire disputes among themselves.

29.5. While exercising its powers, the High Court is to examine as to whether the possibility of conviction is remote and bleak and continuation of criminal cases would put the accused to great oppression and prejudice and extreme injustice would be caused to him by not quashing the criminal cases."

[Emphasis Supplied] 9.

Similarly, in the case of Parbatbhai Aahir & Ors. v. State of Gujarat & Anr.,5 the Supreme Court had observed as under: 5 (2017) 9 SCC 641 The authenticity of the order can be re-verified from Delhi High Court Order Portal by scanning the QR code shown above.

"16. The broad principles which emerge from the precedents on the subject, may be summarised in the following propositions: 16.1. Section 482 preserves the inherent powers of the High Court to prevent an abuse of the process of any court or to secure the ends of justice. The provision does not confer new powers. It only recognises and preserves powers which inhere in the High Court. 16.2. The invocation of the jurisdiction of the High Court to quash a first information report or a criminal proceeding on the ground that a settlement has been arrived at between the offender and the victim is not the same as the invocation of jurisdiction for the purpose of compounding an offence. While compounding an offence, the power of the court is governed by the provisions of Section 320 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973.

The power to quash under Section 482 is attracted even if the offence is noncompoundable. 16.3. In forming an opinion whether a criminal proceeding or complaint should be quashed in exercise of its jurisdiction under Section 482, the High Court must evaluate whether the ends of justice would justify the exercise of the inherent power. 16.4. While the inherent power of the High Court has a wide ambit and plenitude it has to be exercised (i) to secure the ends of justice, or (ii) to prevent an abuse of the process of any court. 16.5. The decision as to whether a complaint or first information report should be quashed on the ground that the offender and victim have settled the dispute, revolves ultimately on the facts and circumstances of each case and no exhaustive elaboration of principles can be formulated.

16.6. In the exercise of the power under Section 482 and while dealing with a plea that the dispute has been settled, the High Court must have due regard to the nature and gravity of the offence. Heinous and serious offences involving mental depravity or offences such as murder, rape and dacoity cannot appropriately be quashed though the victim or the family of the victim have settled the dispute. Such offences are, truly speaking, not private in nature but have a serious impact upon society. The decision to continue with the trial in such cases is founded on the overriding element of public interest in punishing persons for serious offences.

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16.7. As distinguished from serious offences, there may be criminal cases which have an overwhelming or predominant element of a civil dispute. They stand on a distinct footing insofar as the exercise of the inherent power to quash is concerned. 16.8.

Criminal cases involving offences which arise from commercial, financial, mercantile, partnership or similar transactions with an essentially civil flavour may in appropriate situations fall for quashing where parties have settled the dispute. 16.9. In such a case, the High Court may quash the criminal proceeding if in view of the compromise between the disputants, the possibility of a conviction is remote and the continuation of a criminal proceeding would cause oppression and prejudice; and 16.10. There is yet an exception to the principle set out in propositions 16.8. and 16.9. above. Economic offences involving the financial and economic well-being of the State have implications which lie beyond the domain of a mere dispute between private disputants. The High Court would be justified in declining to quash where the offender is involved in an activity akin to a financial or economic fraud or misdemeanour.

The consequences of the act complained of upon the financial or economic system will weigh in the balance."

[Emphasis Supplied] 10.

At this juncture, it is important to note that the Complainant could not have implicated the Petitioners for the serious offences under Sections 377 and 354 of the IPC on the basis of perceived misunderstanding. Nonetheless, considering that the allegations levelled by the Complainant, specifically against her brother-in-law, were vague and unspecific, and given that the parties have now amicably resolved their differences, this Court is of the view that no useful purpose would be served by keeping the dispute alive, and continuance of the proceedings would amount to abuse of the process of Court.

11.

Accordingly, considering the nature of dispute and the fact that the The authenticity of the order can be re-verified from Delhi High Court Order Portal by scanning the QR code shown above.

parties have amicably entered into a settlement, this Court is of the opinion that the present case is fit to exercise jurisdiction under Section 582 of BNSS.

12.

In view of the above, the impugned FIR No. 1198/2021 registered at P.S. Sultanpuri, Delhi and all other proceedings emanating therefrom are hereby quashed.

13.

The present petition is allowed in the aforesaid terms. SANJEEV NARULA, J MAY 29, 2025/ab The authenticity of the order can be re-verified from Delhi High Court Order Portal by scanning the QR code shown above.