Evergreen Engineering Co. Pvt. Ltd. v. -
!"#"#$%!&'"(!!)!&*!+$),-%.
!"#"#$%!&'"(! !/01"#%*$),-%. %"(! )-""!&$2"(!$),-%#!/ 3"4 $2
-%+$"(!&&!1!5-%",&$5#/#$%/$2"(! $),-%#!/3"4
6 %"(!)-""!&$2!3"#$%/ "$ 7$2"(! $),-%#!/ 3"4 -%+ $"(!& &!1!5-%" ,&$5#/#$%/$2"(!$),-%#!/3"4
6
%"(!)-""!&$23(!)!$2&&-%*!)!%"8!"9!!% :"(! !)!&*!+ $),-%.; -%+ :"(! !/01"#%*$),-%.; -11!+2$&(!-&#%* & -<!/((-(#'8 -<!/((-(=$4+5$3-"!2$&"(!!"#"#$%!&/ /#1!/(>-1-%"&##'8&%/-$& !*#$%-1#&!3"$& ?0,"!4 ?%+!3!)8!&4
?
!-&+!-&%!+$0%/!12$&"(!,-&"#!/$$8<!3"$&(-/3$)!8!2$&!"(! 3$0&" "$ $,,$/! "(! 3(!)! -%+ %$& -%. ,-&". (-/ 3$%"&$5!&"!+ -%. -5!&)!%"/)-+!#%"(!!"#"#$%/ (!/-%3"#$%$2"(!$0&"#//$0*(""$3(!)!$2&&-%*!)!%"8!"9!!% :"(! !)!&*!+ $),-%.; -%+ :"(!
!/01"#%* $),-%.;4 0%+!& !3"#$%/ "$ 7 -%+ $"(!& &!1!5-%" ,&$5#/#$%$2"(!$),-%#!/3"4
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
%+!&"-B#%* $2 (-/ /#*%#2#3-%" ,$"!%"#-1 2$& *&$9"( -%+ "(! %-"0&! $2 &#/B4 ,!&)#//#$%/ -%+ 3$),!"#"#$% #%5$15!+ #% "(#/ 0%+!&"-B#%* #/ +#/"#%3" 2&$) $"(!& 0%+!&"-B#%*/ $& 80/#%!//!/ $2 -%+3$%/!A0!%"1. $&B/7 %#"1$3-"!+-"()!+%-*-#/#$%
%+!&"-B#%*#/3-,-81!$2-""&-3"#%*+#22!&!%"/!"/$2#%5!/"$&/4/"&-"!*#3 ,-&"%!&/4 1!%+!&/ -%+ $"(!& /"-B!($1+!&/ -%+ #% $&+!& "$ -3(#!5! - +#/"#%3"2$30/$2"(!#%5!/"$&/"$#%5!/"#%/$)!$2"(!B!.80/#%!//!/ -%+"$1!%+*&!-"!&2$30/"$"(!$,!&-"#$%$2 $&B/7 %#"1$3-"!+-" ()!+%-*-#/#$% %+!&"-B#%*,&$,$/!/"$&!@$&*-%#C!-%+ /!*&!*-"!8.9-.$2+!)!&*!&4#"/ $&B/7 %#"1$3-"!+-"()!+%-*-& #5#/#$% %+!&"-B#%*-%+"(-""(!,&$,$/!+3(!)!#/#%"(!#%"!&!/"$2 -11 "(! ,-&"#!/ "$ "(! 3(!)! -%+ "(!#& &!/,!3"#5! /(-&!($1+!&/ -%+
3&!+#"$&/-%+9#11#%"(!1$%*"!&)48!#%"(!#%"!&!/"-%+9!12-&!$2"(! !),1$.!!/-%+"(-""(! $&B/7 %#"1$3-"!+-"()!+%-*-#/#$%
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
(!!-&%!+$0%/!12$&"(!!"#"#$%!&/20&"(!&/"-"!/"(-"4!"#"#$%!& $),-%#!/ (-5! 3$),1#!+ 9#"( -11 "(! +#&!3"#$%/ ,-//!+ #% "(! &!/,!3"#5! $),-%. 0))$%/ 2$& #&!3"#$%/ -%+ "(-" "(! &!/,!3"#5! $),-%. 3(!)! !"#"#$%/ (-5! 8!!% 2#1!+ #% 3$%/$%-%3! 9#"( "(! $&+!&/,-//!+#%&!/,!3"#5!$),-%.0))$%/2$&#&!3"#$%/ (!!-&%!+$0%/!1-,,!-&#%*$%8!(-12$2"(!!"#"#$%!&/(-5!/"-"!+ "(-""(!!"#"#$%!&$),-%#!/(-5!3$),1#!+9#"(-11&!A0#&!)!%"/-/ ,!& +#&!3"#$%/ $2 "(#/ $0&" -%+ "(!. (-5! 2#1!+ %!3!//-&. -22#+-5#" $2 3$),1#-%3!#%"(!$0&"$&!$5!&4"(!!"#"#$%!&$),-%#!/0%+!&"-B! "$3$),1.9#"(-11/"-"0"$&.&!A0#&!)!%"/#2-%.4-/&!A0#&!+0%+!&"(! $),-%#!/3"4 '
-%+&01!/)-+!"(!&!0%+!&9(#3(!5!& #/-,,1#3-81!(!/-#+0%+!&"-B#%*#/-33!,"!+ E (! !*#$%-1 #&!3"$& (-/ 2#1!+ -% 22#+-5#" $% "( +-. $2 3"$8!&4
/"-"#%* "(!&!#%4 /-5! -%+ !D3!," -/ /"-"!+ #% ,-&-*&-,( 4 #" -,,!-&/ "(-" "(! 3(!)! #/ %$" ,&!<0+#3#-1 "$ "(! #%"!&!/" $2 /(-&!($1+!&/ -%+ ,081#3 % ,-&-*&-,( $2 "(! /-#+ 22#+-5#"4 "(!
!*#$%-1#&!3"$&(-//"-"!+"(-"?@
!
" #$% # & ' (& )
% *% ( ( & * "
( '+,- + % .-+/0( (& .-1& (& .-1 " & ( 2&'+,- + % .-+/" 34"+ 5 % '
& "
% '
"
3 6 7 & " & "
% " $2-&-/"(!$8/!&5-"#$%#%,-&-*&-,(:#;$2"(!22#+-5#"$2 !*#$%-1 #&!3"$& #/ 3$%3!&%!+4 "(! !-&%!+ $0%/!1 2$& "(! !"#"#$%!& $),-%#!//08)#""(-""(!!"#"#$%!&$),-%#!/-&!8$0%+"$3$),1. 9#"( -11 -,,1#3-81! ,&$5#/#$%/ $2 %3$)! -D 3" -%+ -11 "-D #//0!/ -&#/#%*$0"$2"(!3(!)!9#118!)!"-%+-%/9!&!+#%-33$&+-%3!9#"( 1-9
$2-&-/"(!$8/!&5-"#$%#%,-&-*&-,(:##;$2"(!22#+-5#"$2 !*#$%-1 #&!3"$& #/ 3$%3!&%!+4 "(! !-&%!+ $0%/!1 2$& "(! !"#"#$%!& $),-%#!/ /08)#" -/ ,!& "(! +!2#%#"#$% $2 F0%+!&"-B#%*G *#5!% #% !3"#$%/
:
;:-; $2 "(! $),-%#!/ 3"4
"(#/ 0%+!&"-B#%* /(-11 )!-%-%0%+!&"-B#%*#%9(#3("(!#%5!/")!%"$2"(!3$),-%.!D3!!+/ H$2#"/%!"9$&"(-/,!&"(!-0+#"!+8-1-%3!/(!!"$2"(!,&!3!+#%* 2#%-%3#-1 .!-& $& -% 0%+!&"-B#%* 9(#3( *!%!&-"!/ H $2 "(! "$"-1 #%3$)!$2"(!3$),-%.+0&#%*"(!,&!5#$0/2#%-%3#-1.!-&-%+"(!/-#+ 0%+!&"-B#%* #/ %$" -,,1#3-81! "$ "(! /-#+ -/ #" #/ - -"! #)#"!+ $),-%.-/+!2#%!+0%+!&D,1-%-"#$%8!1$9!3"#$%
:
;:-;$2"(! $),-%#!/3"4
$2-&-/"(!$8/!&5-"#$%#%,-&-*&-,(:###;$2"(!22#+-5#"$2 !*#$%-1 #&!3"$& #/ 3$%3!&%!+4 "(! !-&%!+ $0%/!1 2$& "(! !"#"#$%!& $),-%#!/ /08)#"/ "(-" #% 31-0/! $2 "(! /3(!)! (-/ )!%"#$%!+ "(-"%$2&-3"#$%-1/(-&!/(-118!#//0!+8."(!!)!&*!+$),-%.#% &!/,!3"$2"(!2&-3"#$%-1(-&!!%"#"1!)!%"4#2-%.4-&#/#%*$0"$2/03( -11$")!%"9(#3(/(-118!&$0%+!+$22"$"(!%!-&!/"3$),1!"!/(-&!-%+ "(! /-)! #/ -1&!-+. -,,&$5!+ 8. "(! /(-&!($1+!&/ $2 8$"( "(! 3$),-%#!/
$2-&-/"(!$8/!&5-"#$%#%,-&-*&-,(:#5;$2"(!22#+-5#"$2 !*#$%-1 #&!3"$& #/ 3$%3!&%!+4 "(! !-&%!+ $0%/!1 2$& "(! !"#"#$%!&
$),-%#!//08)#"/"(-""(!2$11$9#%*-)!%+)!%"9#118!3-&&#!+$0"#% 31-0/!-%+E#%"(!3(!)!$2&&-%*!)!%"? I
!
!
"#
"$
%&%'(%) *&+,-.
"
! !
" ##$% &
%
" % ##$% '#() )##$%$ *"
"
! "
"
!
"# "$ +
%/0123-( *&+,-.
"
+ !+ + !
* $ ##% " + &
%
* $ ##% " + '#() )##%$ *" %"
(! !-&%!+ $0%/!1 2$& !*#$%-1 #&!3"$& $% #%/"&03"#$%/ $2 &/ (!!1-4 $#%" #&!3"$& !*-1 #% "(! $22#3! $2 "(! !*#$%-1 #&!3"$&4 #%#/"&.$2$&,$&-"!22-#&/4 !/"!&% !*#$%40)8-#/"-"!/"(-""(!. -&!/-"#/2#!+9#"("(!0%+!&"-B#%*/*#5!%8."(!!"#"#$%!&/(!-8$5! 0%+!&"-B#%*/-&!-33!,"!+
&$) "(! )-"!&#-1 $% &!3$&+4 "(! 3(!)! -,,!-&/ "$ 8! 2-#& -%+ &!-/$%-81! -%+ #/ %$" 5#$1-"#5! $2 -%. ,&$5#/#$%/ $2 1-9 -%+ #/ %$" 3$%"&-&."$,081#3,$1#3.
7 #%3! -11 "(! &!A0#/#"! /"-"0"$&. 3$),1#-%3!/ (-5! 8!!% 2012#11!+4 $),-%.3(!)!!"#"#$%$$2
-&!)-+!-8/$10"!#%"!&)/ $2,&-.!&/31-0/!:-;"$:3;-%+$2
#/)-+!-8/$10"!#%"!&)/$2 ,&-.!&31-0/!/:-;"$:3; 4
(!!"#"#$%!&$),-%#!/"$2#1!-3$,.$2"(#/$&+!&-%+"(!3(!)! +01. -0"(!%"#3-"!+ 8. "(! $),-%. !*#/"&-&4 #*( $0&" : ;4 $)8-.49#"("(!3$%3!&%!+0,!&#%"!%+!%"$2"-),/42$&"(!,0&,$/! $2-+<0+#3-"#$%$2/"-),+0".,-.-81!4 #2-%.4 $%"(!/-)!9#"(#% +-./2&$)"(!+-"!$2"(! &+!&
(!!"#"#$%!&/-&!+#&!3"!+"$2#1!-3!&"#2#!+3$,.$2$&+!&-1$%*9#"(- 3$,. $2 "(! 3(!)! $2 &&-%*!)!%" 9#"( "(! 3$%3!&%!+ !*#/"&-& $2 $),-%#!/4 !1!3"&$%#3-11.4 -1$%* 9#"( $&) @ #% -++#"#$% "$ ,(./#3-1 3$,. -/ ,!& "(! &!1!5-%" ,&$5#/#$%/ $2 "(! $),-%#!/ 3"4
'
9(#3(!5!&#/-,,1#3-81!
E (! !"#"#$%!& $),-%#!/ "$ ,-. 3$/"/ $2 /
'@ !-3( "$ "(!
!*#$%-1#&!3"$&4 !/"!&% !*#$%40)8-#$/""$8!,-#+9#"(#%2$0& 9!!B/2&$)"(!+-"!$2"(! &+!&
#1#%*-%+#//0-%3!$2"(!+&-9%0,$&+!&#/+#/,!%/!+9#"(
113$%3!&%!+&!*01-"$&.-0"($&#"#!/"$-3"$%-3$,.$2"(#/$&+!&-1$%* 9#"(3(!)!+01.-0"(!%"#3-"!+8."(!$),-%. !*#/"&-&4#*($0&" : ;4$)8-. :0,"!4 ; $#*',-,$'# , .
/
0