Satnam Singh v. State Of Punjab
!"#"
$% &&
%
'( &) ) )
!
"#$%!& '! *! Mr. I.P.S. Sabharwal, DAG, Punjab.
+++++ ) )
* &
(*) *!'!,*-* ('* ) *!#'*-$,. *! $& *!/01!'2 (( *.3*44((* #516 (* ) *!(,'*-$7* (3$ !&**3! !' !
55$ $ 5/'! (&!
**!!'!''&)*(,-$& *!9&:;<;
0=!'&!
*&3$ .&(!
!)*&, && #80=$& *!=;
=/;=8!' & #8=8>& *!?;#8;<;0=!' & #80=# & *!=/$=8!' & #& *!5##!'*&'
& $ & *!=!' *!& $$$- !@# !-*&
*! !3-#* *&
$)
*'-.
*3 ('& 3*3'!
&!$ ( !'
(*&& * !,*3 (* &!', )& !%*$" # 7(! ($ )! $ ! 58 5/ 7( ( 7 ! ) !--*3 $ .
-!37* (!
()!-*&!''*&*-#&,*33* *!!
;5;A ;?55 7* &) $! (,*!'& *'!
*!# (,*&$ ),.
()!-*&) .
&&!$*3 !,!%; $)!-*&!''*& (!&&) !' &72 *3(69 *!(*:$2 *3(B"-6
(,!%; $)!-*&!''*&' ()! $ 7( (&(!' &7&*$! #/5=3 !'2 !*6-!37* ($!7&!%$
* (&!' ()!& *! ) !&!%.!'
,!%;
*!$&! ,$#C** '! -* *7* (3$ !*D$ -*3!'&! ,$#'*-*3!' $'! - !' (&&$7 &!
)- $#$ ('
#' (*% *! 4) /
$
=
(,&! $$,.-$&!-'! *! ) *!(-$.''$)!-!3$*&& *!'!,*3*& !$.
'!)*!$!' ! ( 7!.$! ! &&!$*3 !-$ &!-'! *! *-* 4*3)-& *-6)&#!
7 . ()!& *!!-.*E7* (% ,E *$!'$ **3% . !,E *$ (-!,&! $$,.
-$&!-'! *! - (!3( ( (!
(& )$*33* *!#, *-- (,!%;
*!$ (& !
(*37&!%$'!
()!*!!') *!$*-- (,!%;
*!$ (&# *!#7* )-*& $'
* ()
&#! (,*!'$*&-!
!'&!;&&$
<
(-$
&!-(&! !% $ (,!%;
*!$ 3 &&!$*3 !-$
&!-* () & (&!%.
!'&! ,$#'!
()!*!!' ) *!#&!
7* (* ,* &!
&*-C .$ ('!#7* (! *'.*3 (*3!!'& *!1?
!' & # *!&!
,-3$!,*- ?
(&!$(,)$&'--.
*& (C .!'&! ,$&!%$* () & &!
7* (* ( ,* !' &!
&*- C . ( )*&*)- - $ &!%.!'&!
&*-C .!'&! ,$$ & #-*$ $!7,. !6,-) * (&!'2!($ -* B * %
69A!'-(*:#51AAF*A1= -%
,!% *!$& !6,-) ((-$ 3 !',*-! &&! !'$$-.* *-&!
,*$ !,'
$$& *!;1?
!' ( & #3*% (* ) *%!'& *!/1<;7(*&(*))-*&,- !''&$ (&
(*3$* *-!-% *!( !6,- ) !' $** (&!'2 $-$!
(%
!'
G 3-6#)&*-F% *!9A* *-:!
0<=<!'51$&*$$! / 51$2,* 4(%
!'$*(6#51AA-*A58# E $$ (,'* !',*- (&&$#7(!($,*&& $'! )*!$!'- ! ;1.$ *-7-*4-. 4&!*$,-
(,!%;
*!$,'* (,3*%,.!,%*3 )!-!3$ *&& *!3--. *-*
3* ! )&*!'$ -*3(
3 $$ *&-;!' (A! *!#$*&(* *!# &! *!-)*&*)- !%*$ (
!. ,3!&! *$$
& *!;1?!' ( &
5
$$* *! !,!%#*& -.)!!&$%$*& * (& !' 2 !( 7
!' A((
*(3( H 6 A* *- ))- !
/001I5=# !6,-) !' $*!,%$ *3!!'
& *!1?!' & 7*--!
,,'!&!*$*3 (&!' &&$'!,*-* &!
7* (&!$* *! ()!& *!7!-$) '!-.&!
)- *!!' *- (,!%;
*!$& !6,- ) !' $*(-$ ))-- 7(!7,*3)!& $'! ,*3*)!*!!'&!
&*-C .!'&!
*&,  -$ '!,*-*%*7!'(*&& *!'!)*!$!'8 ! (
* *--.*!
(&* * (&!'2 $" *- % A -!' % *!695:5AA=)!-!3$*&& *! $*!$* $-.33$
*!!' !6,-) $*#7(*&(&!*$$ (&!& ))!&( !7$,*-#7* ()& %-&
#*&-$*3& *!1? &
( !6,-) A! !' $* E)$ (!)**! & *! /1< !' ( A* *-
!&$A!$#8?1>7(*&(C** -* (&&$ !,-3$! ,*-*' *-*!
&!&-$$7* (*)&*'*$)*!$@7!-$))-.*&( &
(&!'2 *-"(B
(%
!' (6 A* *-))-!
/8!'5= 7* (3$ !&!%.!'&!
&*- C .!'&!
*&, & !6,-) !' $*&&!$$
(,'* !',*- (&&$*%*7!')!-!3$*&& *!'! )*!$!'5.$50 ! (!' (&&$
1
(* *-,'* (, 4*!
())-* F
+ !
=<88;5= -$2,(* B ,(* "% (
!'G
3-6 $* (&!'2
(!% A($*3(6A* *- ))-!
/0?!'5=
/
(&!'2 H I(
!'G
3-6F 9A- :!
1!'51# (,'* !',*-(,&&!$$,.
!6,-) !' $* !&&$#7(!7'!$* )!*!!'=,!
-!')($.-#,.!,%*3
;
: *!7*& !$.'!)*!$!'!.$ (
! (J ,: (*% *!* &7&!
)- $&(3;( ($ ,'*-$#, &(37. !,' $J &: (&!&-*!!' *-7!-$ 4!
J$ $: *!($!&* *- &$
%*7 !' ,!% *!$ )%*-*3 '& !# * ( , !,%$,. !6,-) !' $* (*, *- &!
)-*&!'& *!;1?!' &
=
* *--.#* (&!'2$--!$-B,(.!$-I (
!'G 3-6F 9A-:!
?00I51# !6,-) A! !' $*''!$$ (,'* !',*- (&&$#7(!7'!$* )!*!!'5#555 -!'&!$*)(!)( #$7*& !$.'!)*!$ !'!$(-'.#,.&!*$*3 &!&-*!!' *-7!-$ 4-!3
<
If the facts and circumstances of the present case are analyzed in the light of above-mentioned principles of law, it transpires that:- *:
*!(-$.''$)!-!3$*&& *!'! ,*3*& !$.'!)*!$!' ! ( 7!.$!
! (J
**:
(*% *!* (*&*-$.&!
)- #$!
(*3 (,-'
!,&!%$'!
()!*!!') *!J ***:
*-*!
-*4-. !,&!&-$$*' #!
7 . ( )!& *! 7* # % . ! , E *$J *%:
*-*!
-*4-. !,&!&-$$*' J %:
($ *!!') *!* $*&*--!&4;)*!
-*4-. %.'-))!J %*:
(*!
(*3!&!$ !(!7 *'-$!,*-# ) *! .
) 7* ( ( %*$& ! *'-& 7* J %**:
(*!
(*3!&!$ !(!7 *'-$!,*-# ) *!7*--!
&!;!) I) *&*) * *-
?
() &# ()*&*)-!'-7-*$$!7,. !6,- ) !' $** (&!'2 %
!'
$( $!
(6#950:1AA#-% #7(** (,!,%$
K '$ - )! - !' &* *- *)$&* ( ) ) *!!'
*!&&# *3 (,. )!*,-*%$ !,*!& *-'!$ 3*- .
!7%# (* &*!&* *--77(%! (,)-&$!&&$7* (3$ !!
)&*'*&!''&, * !
(
$$!!
$ & '!
('$ -)! - *)&
!'!
(!''& L !
(* )! '& !'!&* *- *)$&*
(3 !',*-* (3--$)
*3)!* *-!* )*!!*&!& *!(!
97(*&(%E)*!! .7*( !:* E&) *! '! -.#!
!' (,*&)*&*)-)) !(% ,-! *3( !'7* ( (- !$ !)!,*3 *&& $$'!-!3)*!$ (*$!!
$!.3!!$ !!&* *- *)$&! !!!&* .
(*!$!, (3 !$*-!'
, ,*-* *-. ($*& *!!' ( $3&!*$*3&, %!# E&*!' $*&*-$*& *!(,&*& &*,$,.-3 ,!'
$&**!$$,. (*A! $,.%. *3(A! * (&! .
L # !&&*!--. (*&* . !* !)& 7( ($.*3,*- ! &&$)!* (*3( (*3 !$!! ('& $* (&*& &!'
&M
0
()*&*)--*$$!7,. !6,- () $** (&!'2 $" *- A -!' % *! $ !
(6 95: 5 AA =# -! -% * (* & ,!% *!$&#* (,!,%$ K ( !'&!%*& *!* &* *-&* $**,. --.-!7 )) ! (*'& !7*3( ! *$!' (A! 7(*-$&*$*3 (,*-))-*& *!*3 *% A! $ (*4 ()!*,*-* .!'&!%*& *!,*3 * .#,*-))-*& *!7*--(% !,$&*$$ *& -.#&! . !-3- )*&*)- G&!
*E)&!*$ *!!',*-))-*& *!#7(*&(*!
)* *%* 7* ( !')!*,-$ $*& *!,.7.!' *- &! .#-
&C*
-7* (&! *$& !$.7!-$,&!'3% * *&M
8
& -.# * ( & !' 2) " -*
!'
A((
*3(6#5=AA-*A1# !6,-) !' $* (!,%$ K*'&&$* !3 '*-%$*& '
*&& *!!'
*E !%.* *-$ *-)*!# (#$'** -.#* &!-$, *$ (**3( !(%)$. *-$ *&-!' (A! *! (,*'*3$M (-!,!,%$,. !6,-)
!' $** (,!% *!$& K$-.,$'! (&&$$
- E -.,$'! (%*& #'! $*!&* .$'! (&$*,*-* .!'! *&. #7(*&(*%-$ $3 !' (*A! !!
$
(A* *- !&$A!$)!%*$ . !!-'! ($3 !* !$ ! &)!&$''*&* -.M
5
!-&*$ ' (# (*A! *&!&*!!' (,*&$ '$ -)*&*)-!'-7 *3( !)$. *-*) !'!,-# '*$ )!&$(*$$ *&-!' (A! *!!' $*
(*&! *!-*3( &!
,$*$ (&&$ $ $,.
!6,-)E&! *K-7*$*3(%
!' ,$!
(M# 5/AA-*A/1=/
' ( & - *% ''& !' -- ( ,!% *!$ '& !# *%!-%$* (* &#* 4* !&!*$ *!#* -$ !&!&-*!
*!* -$'! (,'* !',*-#$ () ) *! $% !,--!7$
&&!$*3-.#7* (! &!
*3.
(*3! * !' &# () ) *!*(,...
/
() *!*(,.!$$ ,-$!,*-!'*(*3)!-,!$$ .,!$9: *'& *!!'-$ *-A!
!7% (,!%*$&!&*!(--, , & !'!--!7*3&!$* *! ;
9*:
( ) *! (-- !
$*& -. ! *$*& -. 4 .
*$& # ( !)!
* !.)!&C* $7* ( '& !' (&#! !$*$(* !$*&-!&('& A! ! !.!
( (!* .
9**: *!(-- !'E& *!!',!$#'*(
($$ (A! &!&$$(--!
*'. (&(3* $$ *-A! # *-- ('*-$&**!!' *-J$
9***: *!(--!
-% $*7* (! )*!) **! !' *-A!
1) )
2
&&
G( ()4*3I!$LI!
G( ()! ,- LI!