Lachhman Singh v. State Of Punjab
! "#$%&$' ())*"+ ",) -..
1!2! +
2"34 -
!."
5# "64/ 512!
+++1" "64/ 512!
+21 "
12.
# 510 7!5)"2.
8 9
1 ..
5! .+ ",)8
"/ 9
1/8 2"34 1 +
::: +++1"8 ) ! ..
/ )! 4
" /
4; ..
())*" + ",), "!
32 ,* 1
$$.!!
4;
/ 1"
+ !! "!2 , .1<) 4; ..
)!4
/ ,2 / ;"
"9
1 !.2" !)4/ 2"
1+
"! & "
$ "
"
"/
=> ? @ 1 !)1 A )! 4
2"
1, *.1 !"* 1 / 1 2"
+
"& B"
*.1 !"* 1 )1
;
1!84
!8.; "
!C "
"
2/ 2"
1, 21 1 1 ,12! *.1 !"* 1 )1
*"
)! 1 2"
1 +
" $ !
!)9
"1
12""211 /;"
1*! ! 32 ,* 8 5 =2!
A "
" =2!
&A< 2,)
11 !.
/; *+ ",)< D2
EF
" !
)! 4
" 1 , !
" 4! ! ../
%$=G A!24*
4; *./ ""
5) "
1+ ",)= H$A!")")/+ ",)81
*1/ 8 )! / "
!
.1 + .18 !
.1 1 *./ ""
5) "
1 + ",)8 ) ! < 2,)
1! "* /; I1*3
I21 = HJA "
*13
I21 =
"
!
A < *11
< 41 1! "* /; ",1 3 + ",) "
())*"+ ",)=..
A!"! *+ ",)81
!9 //, 531 8 + " + 1 .1 42 ,) " "
;
1! 1/ 1*
!24* !! " ../ " =G A %$) < *./ ""
"* /;21
9I21) )
9 //, 531 *
2,)
1 *13
I21 =
A"$$$' "1 ) ", !) <! "1*
" 1!7 ", 2,)
1*13
I21=
A) ,"
*
* 9 //, *1/ ",
) ! "1* "8 < *./ ""
21"
47 ) 1 9 //, *1/ < 18 <) " !) )
)* !) 2"
2,)
*13
I21) " 1 )
1)* 9 //, *1/ )
;!
1)
1 2,)
112"
9 //, " "
; "$$$$'8 *./ ""
/",< )141+ ",) !" 1"3" + ",)8 *1
7 + ",) !" * !18 21"* + ",) !" )"" + ",) 9 //, *1/ "
* / + ",)8
1+ ",)!"5;
81 + ",)!"5;
85/7 + ",)8 )721+ ",)1
!+*1/1 )
9 //, 531 )* 1" 1 .1 "
; *
* + ",) 1 ..
())*"+ ",)K(/ 8"
!7
) *42 2,)
1) ())*" + ",) K (/ =..
A "
) ! * + ",) ./
"< ;
" 7"<";
) ",42 2,)
E&F *13
I21 =
A "
; < " !."! 4/ ) ; !)2/ *!
/9 !!
1)1 2,)
1 *./ ""
<) / !
1) ",1 2,)
18
21"
47 9 //, *1/ " "
; " $$$'8 *./ ""
/", < ) ) ! 1 ! *." "! )
9 //, 531 )* 1" "1 ) ", ;* 7"< " "D2 1; * + ",)8 +1.") 9 //, <! ", " ) ! )2!
.1 ) ; // 1 )
.1 "
* + ",)8 +1.") 531 )* 1" " !/!
1;
) ",42 2,)
1*13
I21=
A ) * ! ) ) * 7"< 2,)
1 *13
I21=
A) 1<"
" L.26"/"
19 //, 531 )* 1") 1 8"< <2/ "2!
!
1)1) 1 " !
;
! 1
" ) 2/ // "); 9 //, 531 )* 1""
())*"+ ",)(/ =..
A"
/!) ! * + ",) " 1"
* <2/ , 9 21 9 !) ())*" + ",) (/ =..
A8 "
!7 ) * ./, M ,
*
1*.1* !
<
*"!
; < + "8 ; <2/ ,
" ) ", "
" .21.!
<2/
18 /! <2/ *7
* !
) *./ ""
< ,1 /; . "
" 1 ", ./; * + ",)8 +1.") 9 //, 531 )* 1" ) ; < )2 "; ).
)
+ )"+ 1 .1"
*./ ""
/ ,
1 $
$$$' =GA & .* " /; 1; ./ ) ! 1 <! 12!
)"" *8 + 1 11; ", 2 "9 , ""
!
1) , 1/
EJF *./ ""
"
! 9 //, *1/ "
"2
!
1)1 , 1/) *./ ""
/",< 1 9 //, 1! <) / 1) ", 1 2,)
1 " $N$$' )
"
1 // L.26"/ +/ *.21"
!<
4 ; 2,)
1*13
I21/; ","
1 // L.26"/ " <
1 ! .)""1* " " ) !1 ,1 <!, 9 " + "+ 1 .1) ./ * 1*
+ " !. "
,
4 ; 9 / !.
/8 .1 ) .!
*1
*
4 ; <! 3 "
/; "
4;21 1!"$$$'"
!1*
4 ; < 1 ) * / G* " / ) *./ ""
412,)
4 ;) ! 2,)
1*13
I21 =
A ) !9 //, *1/ "
1 *
18 *./ ""
/", < ) !*
! 9 //, "%$$'*
+1 1+)*!) 1+ ",)
8 5( "
"1*
) * 42 12*!
! "
*"
32!
1* ) * ! ())*" + ",) (/ =..
A"
) !* /;< ) !1 / !) 1 8) <2/ " /
"; / ,/ " 4 7 " , "!
* ) ; !)2/ 7
. D2
"
)* 1< !
8 ) <2/ " !.1 * "
<2/ ,
.
1!"! 1* *1/ )",
2.!
<" )
;).
/ !!/;1
21"
47 19 //, ) *./ ""
) !24*
"../ " " 2"34 "$$$' + + 1 .1 ) *./ ""
8 " ! ../ " )
.1
",!4 7 ", "!
())*"+ ",)(/ =..
A ) ! * /;
1 1 , !
1 " ) ./ + " + 18 )< 18 ) " , !
) ,1 "
!
4 ; *13
I21
E'F .!
*1
* G* " " "
4; 21 1! 9 / !.
/8 .1 <) ) < " $$$' ) /! 4
1* ) * /G* "
18 /*";*"
)! 1/
!.
//
!24* !! " ../ "8 " )
"1 , !
, "!
2!
<)) 7 //
2,)
1
*./ ""
"* /; *13
I21 "
)1<" ) 1 " L.26 "/8 <) ) <! ,19 "32!
, "!
.1 *"8 <) !) ! 2,)
1*13
I21)
"7 //
)
4 ; )1<" " "/4;())*"+ ",)(/ =..
A!"
*+ ",)8 " 2,)
1 *+ ",)"
5 < * + ",)81
!531 )* 1" ""!. 1;< ) 1 1 <! 1 D2
, !
, "!
49 ! )1
.
1!"!"
;4 11
84
!832!
, 9 .1*"1<) )8) <2/ *!
,1
2/ + " 1 +2.
1 "
" ! ../
%$ =G A8 *17
!
+2.
1 "
=
A " J$ *./
"D2 1; "
<); " " )
7 " ) 1
1 " ../ " *17 ", !
1 "D2 1; <! ! ,"
4; +) + I) 1 + " 1 +2.
1 "
.1 ) ../ 1! 1!
$$JC+
!)
J$ "
!
*./
"D2 1; +2.
1 "
=
A +) , !) + ",) I)/" "
" "D2 1; "
!24*
) ! 1 ,1 ../ " 1* 5) "
1 + ",) =*./ ""
A
*1/ 8 + "51 "
!* "
../ 2/;
)
< )!243
$$JC+
J$"
'%C+
'$ <! 12!
) * 1 "
", "
ENF
"D2 1; " ""
" < "D2 1; !
! 91 2! .
1!"! )
" 1
) ! !
< I1*3
I21 = HJA "
*13
I21 =
A <
2,)
1! *./ ""
< *11
",1 3 + ",) "
())*"+ ",)=..
A!"! *+ ",)1 !.
/;42
,) " "
;
1! 1/ 1) * 1*13
I21) *
) 1 ) 1 "/<! )2!
42 !)
" *
) 1 )2!
) *./ ""
/ ,
" 2"
1 4/ + "+ 1 .1"$$$'1 ,1 ",*13
I214 " 1 4/ ) *./ ""
"$$$'/ ,
1 ,1 ", 1 9 1;
4 ; *13
I21 1* ! .)" L.26 "/ "
1 +/ *.21 " ) ! 1 ,1 "
1"
"9 , ", 1 "
.1
",! 2"
+
"$J
1 * "/ 1
=>1 ?@1!)1 A
!
*1
* <! "
"
4 ; 4; 1 1! 9 /!.
/8 .1)
4 ;<!1 *
4;
.1 !
) *./ ""
) // ,
" ) ! ../ ) ! 2,)
1*13
I21)
"7 //
4;) )2!4"
())*" + ",)8 ! !
1 "/< " "
* 1 "/< "
;) )1<")
4 ; " L.26"/ "
4! ! .!
*1
* 1 <) ) )
" , 9 " 4;
1 "
. " " 2!
) <! !
9 / +21, "8
.1 1 /1 " "
1*!
* / /
+C'C
$&N$ " ) !!
2!
))
"* "
!L!.);G 6 1* !243
../ "8
!< !!
!8 1!6. " ""
") ! "D2 1;8 <! 2"
2!
) *13
I21 <! 1",2/ " " ) ! ""
"8 <! 1 **
!
EF !)2/ , !
, "!
2!
2"
/ 9"
/ ,/ ! ,1
..
1! < !7
4 .2 ; !
1"
;=( ,/A8 .1"
<!1 **
4 "/ ,/. " "42 ) !
<!!24*
1"
!!1; "4;, !)+ ",)+2.
1 "
=
A8 .1 + " 1 +2.
1 "
1 ",/; !7
.2 ; !
1"
; =( ,/A !24* ) ! . " " ) .2 ; !
1"
;=( ,/A!24*
1 / ,/. " " <! , 9 "8 .; .!
*1
* 1 "
"D2 .1 .1
2"
1 +
" $J 1 < D2 1
4 G* "
1* ) ! <!/! 4 !
"<)
1"; ) 9 1
"D2 " ) ! 1 ,1 8 +) I2/ . + ",) + =
A ) ! 1 .2 ; !
1"
; =( ,/A
)
18 .2 ; !
1"
; =( ,/A !24*
) !1 "
1/ !
<!"/
1
<
())*" + ",) =..
A *13
I21 =
A"$$$') < *./ ""
5) "
+ ",)< 9 //, *1/ "D2 1 42 *
1) !) * 7"< *13
I21) ,"
*1/ 42 !)
" 1 ) $
$$$'=GA<!,
+ "42 *13
I214 "," 1 4/
4 ; *13
I21 <! 1 9
1* )71 5 "( "
"/1* ! .)" +/ *.21"$N$$') .!
*1
* <! , "
" $$$' ) 9 !
1 <! ) * /G* "
18 /42 ". !"<!
1 ) 9 1 " .1
",!2"
1+
"$J 1 <! " "
4; "; 42 )
"
/
1 4; + D21
1!8 .1 21 ", 9 1 "8
E%F
! *./ ""
5) "
1 + ",)8 21*27) + ",)8 I1*3
I218
18 41 1 "
! !
1
"
1!)
"1
1 *8*13
I21<! *21
4; ) 1 )2!4"
())*" + ",)8 "8 ) ! ! !
1 "
9"
I21/ !5 ) !* 1"
"!) <! )1<" " "/) * *21
18 !* "
8<!1!
7 ",*1
<1; " 1 )"
())*" + ",)8 )2!4"
) !
*13
I21<!!2 1 ",1* <!
2.1*) 1/ **
!2
4;32*. ", "
"/ " ;)
)8) 1* 121
9I21) /! * !
) 1 9 //, 531 ! !2)8 <! " D2 *21
1 ) 1 < 18 + = D21
1!A8 ) "/2
*13
I21 <! *21
4; ) 1 "/<! "
)1<" " "/ ! 21 1 * "
1 I
9 / +21, "8 .1 ) . "
G* " " .!
*1
*1 1<" ", " ) !!
<!.!
*1
*"
<!" 2!
) " ) !!
"
1*! "
",! "
.!
*1
*1 2!
)<! L!.);G 6 < 18 " 1 )"
<2/
/; 42 < ;
1! !
! * "
8 <! 1
4 , !
<) )<!"..1 *21
1!
) "1 "
/;<2/
2/ G./ " .1
",! 2"
1 +
" $J 1
" 9 1
" $$$'8 ! *2)
/; <2/ " )9 211
1 .2 ; !
1"
; =( ,/A8 !* >)"7;."7;? )
" ./;
) < !*
1 ! !2..1 !! *21
1"
) !!.
!
"
)12,).14 <!1 ",/;8!24*
11
1!4; "3 + ",)8 .2 ; !
1"
;=( ,/A"%%$
EF + " 1+2.
1 "
.1" ) !<1
+ = D21
1!A G1 !."! 4 / ;"
)/ " "D2 1; + = D21
1!A !24*
) ! "D2 1; 1 ++
18 ++
1 1 , !
1 ", !
**
/; + =
A+)21* + ",)!7
+ + + 1 1 , !
1!
2"
1) !/!
!2.
19 ! " "1
.
**2" "8 =G CNA<!1 , !
4;+ C"!.
1
3 "
1+ ",)8 + "+ 1= H$&A"N'$%.
! ! +.
/
! < ", !
/D 5, !
1
"
1"
1! )12,)"!
4/ 141 + ",)8 "9 , " <) ) <! 4 "
) +.
/
<! 1
4; /D 5, !
1
" N'$% "9 , " !
<! 1"!
"!.
1 1*./ + ",) "
" .1 !
) 211
" $$$' 1* <) )
*13
I21 =
A <! "
1 4/ 1 !< *
!
1)) 1" //< ", ; " $$$$' <) *./ ""
/", < ) 1! "* /; 141+ ",)!" 1"3"+ ",)8*1 7+ ",)!" *!18 21"*+ ",)!")""+ ",)81
!*1/ "
*
/+ ",)821"*+ ",)!"5;
81 + ",)!"5;
85/7 + ",)"
)721+ ",)81
!+*1/< 9 //, 531 )* 1""
1 .1 )2!
1 ())*" + ",) =..
A "* /; * + ",) "
!7
42
2,)
1"<) ) ;1 ./
;
" "7"< ";
) ", 42 2,)
1 "
<! " 1 1 !."! 4 / ;
!8 ;!)2/ *!
/9 !!
1)1 2,)
1) ""
"
; $$$'8 *./ ""
/", < ) ) !
E$F *." "! 1 )
531 )* 1" "
" !7 ", < )2!
*+ ",)8+1.") .1< 18) !!2
*./ ""
1* / , ", 1 < ./ " .1
) <2/ ,
*.1* !
<
.1
! " !
; < ./ ; <2/ " ,
";
) ",) *./ ""
"< + "+ 1 .1 / ,
$
$$$' =GA ) ! <! " ../ ", "!
())*"+ ",)=..
A <!1 D2
2,)
1 *./ ""
<! *11
9 //, 531 )* 1" "
1 .1 42 ;
1! 1/ 1 < 18 !.2
211
<
)2!4"
"
< " $$$' < *./ ""
* 1) ! 2,)
1) ,"
) 1"
"!) * 7"< 2,)
1) ,"
) 1 .1 !6 )2!
" 1
21" ", )* < *./ ""
* 1 2,)
1 *./ ""
2"
2,)
1) " 1 )
)* <!1 D2
" ../ " *./ ""
*; 4 , !
"D2 1 ! *
1* ())*" + ",) =..
A "
) ! * /;! <) 42 !) ! 2,)
12/ !
"
1<) )) <2/ )"72/ .1
",!< 1
! $
$$$'=GA
"1*"
* "
" /2*" 5) "
1 + ",) ) * + ""
!24*
../ "<) ))
" 1 9 ) * <1 <1 "
)
1 ) 1 ", "
4 11
.2 ) !/ )2*4 *.1 !! "4 !* "
"
//;1 %
$$$$')
<1
" " + "1 ,1 ) !../ ""<) )"
"D2 1; )
" *17
+ )"" * ) .;
E$$F "</ ,
" ../ "8 !* "
8<2/ /! *17
+)"" *
"D2 1;8.1
",!<2/ "
! .
1 /< ) =G CNA 1 /
" ", .
1 1* $$$' $$$' <! 1 , !
%
N'$%
1 42 *1 )" < ;
1! "
!/1 ;"
4 ;*13
I21<! 2"
" $N$$' "
1 1 / // L.26 "/ +/ *.21 " <
1 ! .)") ) 1 )
!. "
"D2 .1
",! =G A < "
" $$$' 4; + D4/ + ",)8 + " + 1 .1 )
)"
!9 1; !* "
!$$$' *) "
" 4 ;.1 !8 ;
!"
*2 ) ! "
! *2 ) .
"8 ",2 .1 ",8 ;
! /!
"
4 ;!<// ") /21 !* "
!<
)
./" ./ 1 9 1;
4 ; !* "
!
! .)" )71"/ +/ *.21) 41 ! 1 1
"$$$$'())*"+ ",) / ,
* !! ",1 + "+ 1 .1 ) ! < *13
I21 <! " 1 4/ " ) ! 1 ,1 8 5) "
+ ",)81
*1/ ) /!/ ,
* !! ",1 + " + 1 .1 " $$$' ) ! 2,)
1 *13
I21 <! * !! ", " ; $$$' 5) "
1 + ",) ,9 "1* "
11 ) ", +
4 ; ) ! 2,)
1*13
I21)
"2"
/ ", " ! .)" +/ *.21 "<!!7
4 7 " " ) ! "1* "8+ D4/ + ",) /", < ) 1 ./ /! 1 )
! .)" +/ *.21"
4 ;<!412,) 2 ! ,"! "321;
E$F 2/
4 ; 4
*.!
) *11 , *13
I21<!!
)9
"!/ *" M
"
;
1 $%% // 2!
) 2/ " "
! <)
<! 1 1 1<" ",I
. ", " 9 < !2!. 2! 12*!
!8 <! "
!!1; ,
.!
*1
* "
) ..
1! " "D2 1* '&' =$A
" .1 .1
,1
"
4 ;8 .1
! 2"
1 +
" $' 1 )
" .1 .1
4 ;1"
",.!
*1
* G* " "/",< ..
1!<!!
)12,)"!
4/ 3I2*12"
1!2.
19 ! " + D4/ + ",) ) .!
*1
* G* " " <! !7
4 , "
1*
* 1"
!1 !2/ <!!7
4 *
) "D2 ! 1!
4; 5) "
1 + ",)8 *./ ""
!<"
+ ",)!")")/+ ",)81
! +*1/ <) )
4 ; !<"
+ ",) !" )")/+ ",) ") !!
=O C$A2"
1+
"$'1
) ! "
*13
I21 <! *11
42 % ;
1!
1/ 1 " ;
1 $%% ())*" + ",) +) ) < !"! ,
9 ;
1!"
<;
1!* !! ",1 *13
I21
"/ ,
+ "+ 1 .1"$$$'
4 ;<!2"
" ; $$$' " ! .)" +/ *.21 "
// 2!
)
) 2/ " "
<2/ "
*
1 "9 , ") "D2 )
" .1 .1
4; + D4/ + ",) " ) ! .1 ..
1! 1 /
*13
I21 "
)
4 ;*13
I21 !!
)
"1
4;+ D4/+ ",)<) ))
"1 9 ) *8<) )) ) ) 1 .
!11
) !
!! ,"
4;!<"
+ ",)
E$&F 2"34 "
4; + D4/ + ",) + * /1 !
=G CA I1*3
I21 < ",1 3 + ",) )! 4
I1*3
I21 ! ! !
1
*13
I21 ! *11
41 1 ..
())*" + ",) 1 I1*3
I218!) !1
531 1 3" )2!4"
<! " .1 9
34 1 ! !
1 <! *11
) )2!4"
6!;2", 141 1=L
916A42 ,) ;
1! 1/ 1+) <) / "B /
1<! 9 ;
1!"
;2", 1<! < ;
1! 1! !
1*13
I21<!)9 ", 9 /
!) * /;) , "!
14/ "
1 ) ! 1! !
1)
"* !! ",1*)* ! "
$$$'"
)
4 ;<! 2"
" "/"$$$'+)
" 7"< 2!
// ! )< ) )..
"!
*
) 1"
! )<!)
"!) <2/ "1* ./ 1 1 !
=G CA )
" 1
<) ) <! 11
"!.
1
1*./ + ",) = HA "
"9 , " " !
< !!
! " NN$%())*"+ ",)=..
A<!11
"JN$% " "
5 ..
1
1 2 / 5, !
1
!
/!!8
.1 " $$$% "
; < 11
" ) !
"! 4; "!.
1 1*./ + ",) = HA = HA "
11,
2!
) 19 1! "<!1
" LM *" 6=!
1;A" $$$% ) "9 , " <! 1"!
"!.
1 1 + ",) = H'A ! ) = HA <! 1"!
1* + " + 1 .1 1*./ + ",) = HA 1
!5) "
1+ ",)8 2/ + ",)8/ .+ ",)821*27) + ",) "
G I1*3
I21 = HJA < ) .1 "! *17
E$JF
" 11
/; < )2 ";
" 1 * !! " .;
" $$$' <! G I1*3
I218 5) "
+ ",) ) 9 !
) * = HA + " ) ; < *."
4;"2*4 1.
1!"! "!.
1 1 + ",) = H'A
1 .
12!/ !
/ 2"
.1 * !
, "!
2!
) .1 .1
L)//"6=./ 1 A, "!
2!
21 ",!12 ";
L)//"6=./ 1 A!* 43
"!< 1 !
*./ "
)!
43
"!8 )
! "!
4/ 141 + ",) = HNA "
1 I2*18 1 !*" = HA "!
4/ 141 + ",) = HNA <! 12!
< !.
/1 ) !!
1
/ 9 1 ", !* "
1"
D21
1!<) ))
/ 9
"
) ! 9 G =G " ! /! .; . &$
$$$'A 1 9 =G A "!
4/ 141+ ",)= HNA8) <!)"
9 <!
/
"9 /.
!
.1 !
4;5 77 *8<) ))
/ 9
"
/D 5, !
1
"
"
"
1"
1
1 )8 1 !*" = HA ) .1 .1
!/
./" < ) 11
*1, "/ "
! " N%$% "!
5) "
1 + ",)8 *./ ""
= H$A 2!
" !
< )1, !)
" $$%" // , "! ;"$$$' " 1 9 //, 531 )* 1" < **" "
** *21
1 *13
I21 "
" 21 1"
1 **"
"8 ; // **
*21
1 *13
I21 4; 2! ", )
) "
4; ; // **
" .2" !)4/ 2"
1+
"&1 < )+
"&J + "
/;8
E$'F !*
"
./ ; // 7"< ", *21
1 *13
I21 <) ) ! .2" !)4/ <
) 1 .2" !)* 1 /
**
2!
!..
1"
)
4 ; < "
" !1
" ",
*!
/9 ! 1* / ,/ .2" !)* "
4; **
" 2"
1+
"$ <) )<!< ) " ," M"
21 ) 2!
<
4
) )1, <! 9 2!
" ! *./ 2"34 <) ) ; ) 1 "
2"
1!
) ; ./
" ,2 / ; )1, "
/ *
1 / ) / 1"
1 / 21
1 "!
1 ",
"
*
1 / <!/
)!D2
5 "
"4;, 9 ", *
24 < 18 ())*" + ",) =..
A )!
") / ,2 / ;1 !2"
1+
"!&"
$ )!4
"!
2"
1,/ *.1 !"* 1 2"
1 +
" & B 4
!8 1 ,12! *.1 !"* 1 )1
;
1! "
.; "
!C "
"
2/ 2"
1, 1 ,12! *.1 !"* 1 )1
*"
)! 1 2"
+
"$ ,,1
, "!
!* ..
)! /
.1 ..
/ ( 1"
2"!
/1 ..
)!!24*
" !
)! 4
" 1 , !
1 *1 )" < ;
1!
"
) 211
1* $$$' $$$' <) " *13
I21 =
A ) ,"
* !! ", "
)
4 ; <! 2"
! !24*
..
)! 4
<1",/;"9
!
! !"
"1
1 "
",,2 / ) !" ;
< !!2"
12*!
/
! " *
/; 1< " "
..
) **
*21
1 *13
I21 !
E$NF !24*
*!
" 4 ! *13
I21 **
!2
8 )< 18 4; / " 4!
";
<2/ !)< ..
"";*""
1) 4
** !! "!2
"1 !."!
8/ 1"
2"!
/1 +
)!!24*
.1!
" )! .19
"
4/ !)
! !
;"
!) < 1 !"4/ 24 , "!
..
) ) " 12*!
!8 !!24*
8 !!*./
1<" " "/; ,2 / ..
!8 / 1"
1 / 21 )9 ",1
/ 1 "
",,2 / , "!
..
<) ) ! 4!
" , "
"9 " ",
! " / 4/ 4 2.!
)9 , 9 " 21 )2,) 2/ "!
1 "
"! / 1"
2"!
/ ..
1 ", 1 .1
! "
< 1!! !
,"
)12,) 1 ! !
.1!
" " 1
.19 ! !
G* "
*./ ""
5) "
1+ ",)= H$A<)1
1
9 1! "! , 9 " ") !*./ "
!!
2!
2!
4 *13
I21"
!
) ) !)2!
H "
"
"); ; 2!
!
) 1 47 )2!
) )2!4"
*13
I21 2!
"1* * 2!
<
*"
!$8C ) ; < /! !; ", ) .1 !< .1"
;
" , 9 !2 <1; *11 , ,9 "* ! "); * *4 1!<) ) < '.
1!"! "//*13
I21<!!; ", !) !)2/ " !
47 )2!
2!
!!) 1
", ) 1/ ) "); * *4 1!531 "/<! ) ! 2,)
1) !!21
;<2/ " * !4 )9 < )) !
E$F
2,)
1 ! 2,)
1 <! 7 //
" 4 1 $' "11
!
D2 !1 /
)*13
I21"
9 1;
4 ;"$N$$'"1!! G* " "8 !!
!.2
1!
)1
*"
)! *11 , <!!
! "11
<!" !.2
1 "); <!" ) / 1 *13
I21<!/ 9 ",).. /; !!
) ) "11
<)/ 1; ./ <) ) ) ) "11
"21 " ; ") ! G* " " ")
< !!<! 1<" !
*17<) <! " !1
<!1!! G* "
"!
14/ / ", ) ! !
! "11
*13
I21 <! !2 1 ", 1*
L+",1)" 6=+.12 A *1 7+ ",)= H&A !< !!/!
!
" "
/ !
) <! * ", 1* )"2/ " ) ! ;/ ) ! 9 //, *1/ "$$$' N*H) ") 1 )
"
1 9 //, 531 " !* ;/ ,) ) !< < <* " "
.
1!" )/ ",
4 ; 7"
< )!
.
1!"!<)< .1 " 21 ) ;< 11; ",
4 ;*13
I21< ())*"+ ",)=..
A
1!
2!
8) 1
1
) !!
.! )2,) 2!
<2/ 1 ) *" 12*!
!8 )
21"
)"2/ " 2"
1 ) 2!
)1 <
4 ;*13
I21 " "/"
) !< * )1< ",)
4 ; " "/ "2"
18 < )"
,1)H) ") * 7"< !
)
" 1 , !
, "!
2!
" ) * 9 //, "11
"
5) "
1 + ",) 5) "
1 + ",) 412,) ) * ./ "$J$% *
./ 2! + .1 <) ) ,9 ) ! !
" 1!!
E$%F
G* " ! !
5) "
1 + ",) <! 1 "
,)421 <! ) ! 2"/ ! !
! "11
) )
.!
/!
/; 4 2!
) ! 1 / "!) . < ) 5) "
1 + ",) <! 1!! G* "
"!
14/ / ", ) !8 )< 18 4 "
" 1 !.
) 211
"$$$'8*1 7+ ",)= H&A, ) !!
1
< ./
11 , !
1 " "N'$%) !.
1 !" "!. 1 "
< ,1 9 1 ;
.!
"*1 7+ ",)= H&A I1*3 I21= HJA ! ! !
1
*13
I21"
*11
",1 3+ ",)8<) ! 41 1..
())*" + ",) +) )! !
) 1 * 1 "/< 2!
!; ; 4 ! !
1!) " 412,) , <1;"
; 4 /",
.1 * /; ! !
// 2!
<)< .1 "21 2!
2"
*4;!; ", ) !
! ; 2!
4 *13
I21 "
21" ) 1 2 )2!
) ; 2!
*"
<1; "
2"
* 1 41 ", ", / !! <1;) ;< , ",47 531 < "
"
"); 1*
"/<!8
" + ",)8 *
1"/2"/ 17!)82! "41 1())*"+ ",)2!
* " "); "); <!"9
4; 2!
())*"+ ",)=..
A!!21
" ");
) <2/ "
*"
<1; "
<2/ " ) 1 " 2"
<1;*13
I212!
!; !) <2/ " ,
) 1 "/<!)2!
! ;4 ) 1*13
I21<! 9 //, *1/ <) "); ) ,"
41 ",) 147+) <! 9 //, 531 *13
I21)
"7 //
42 21 "
)/ ;
1! 1/ )
.!
" " 21 +) <!
E$F ",!
.1
1**13
I21"
) 1 "/<! 1)2!
<! "
1"
)/L7 //!6=* !21
" 1 !A 1* )2!
())*" + ",) =..
A ! !
) 1 * 1 * 9 //, 531 " $$$' !) ) ) 1! !
1<!" " )2!
) 1 "/<! H) / ; < /7 ",8 ())*" + ",) * "
) * "D2 1
1*) * <) 42 !*13
I21
) *13
I21) ,"
9 //, *1/ !
) 1 " ) 1 * 1 **
/; 1
21"
9 //, *1/ .1 ! !
1)
1 *13
I21 " "
,)421) "
" / "!42 !) <!" 2"
)
4 ;*13
I21 <! 2"
"
1 +/ *.21 ! .)" )71 "/ " $N$$'"1!! G* " "8 !!
*13
I21 <!" )1<" " "/4; 2!
L),6
*"; *13
I218 // 2!
"
;
* *13
I21 <! )1<" " "/ <! !/9
4; * *4 1! "); L),6 *";
" 4 7 " , "!
2!
+) ) 1*
. " ""
<!2//;!21 2!
) 7 //
) 1! !
1"
!) 7"
< )4 ! 2!
! !) ) * "
" )2!
) 1 "/<!1!
";
1!+) !
*13
I21<!7 //
4; 2!
<!") 14 / !
4 ;<! 7 "2 1* "/ <! 1 ", " ) 1 "
78 ! !) .1 !2*
!) )
" 7 //
4;
)1
/ ",) 1
<) ) !"
!!1;
1* "
2!
) " !
! 1 * 17!) 0 1*8 5
/ 18 9 /!.
/8 .1= H%A<)"
.!
*1
*
EF
*13
I21) 14!
4 ;
4 ;2", */ 9 1;< // <!!<// ""
<!L2/ !* // ",68 9
< ) *2 "
,1!! ) ",2 <! !<// .1 ", 2 1/ 9 ; ;
! < /!
"
!<// " ) !7 " 4 ; ! <)/ !.
//; )"
"
<!112,
!<// ")"
!< *.
;"
"*2 1 !"
<! 2"
", 1" /! ,1*1 !<!.1 1 )<!.1 *2 )"
"!
1 /8 "" *./ G " ) ) !7 " <)/ 4 ; <! .
/
"
1"/ *17 "321; 2/
" + *) "
! "
! < 1 ) * / G* " " (1, "
"
"
!< ) / );"
"
" ",,!
!.1 " / *
1! <! !
1 ) * / G* " " ) 2!
<!
// 1
.
1 ) * /G* "
1
<
) "
.!
*1
* <! * "
4
<
" 9 !
;! ) .; .!
*1
* 1 <! G <) ) <! ! ,"
4; ) * /", < ) 1 .3 ) //" "
1 +2" / )<" ) "
.!
*1
* "
4 ; *13
I21
1 1
.
) * /G* "
1G ) ,9 ) !. " " 1<" ", " <! .!
*1
* "
2!
) <! "
1<" ","
.!! 4 / ;L!.);G 6
)2/ " 12/
2 ! 1 <! G )
21 / , ! $88"
%*17
4;) *< * !! ",) "! ., !$ < " / ) !
""/;., !$ $ " 21 / 2 <) )) ) )"
9 ./
1 "
/ ",
!* !!
<!
4 ;"
! !7 ") .
/
"
<! *.!! 4/
;
4 ;
E$F
1"/ "321; *17! 2/ "
" ! !7 " <)/ 4 ;) .
/
"
<!!< // "," 4 ;/! !!
!11
;< " !21 42 2!
) "
! !2)8 <!
!.);G " 4 2!
4;
*
! "
!
! " 171*<) ) !" .19
< ) 1( , *17!< 42"
* "!
L!.);G /6
)42 " !
;2/ " "
";
1"/*17!"
4 ;! <!!< // ","
!7 "<!.
/
!!
! " ;2/ "
1* "
G 2!
)! !7 ") .
/
"
<!!< // ", "
) * / G* "
=G A8
! "
" . !" <!
" "
! G) 4 0) "
! G) 4 !1 !//<!# !
/
31! "
"!
*)< )"
! !
/
31 ! "
" .
! !*// "
/1,
!< )"
! !
/
31 ! "
" .
! / 9 18 !./
" "
; 0 !
/
31! "
"4/ 0 !
/
31! "
".1 19 " . " "G , 9 "4; 1!8 2!
)<!* "
1<" ", " !
" 1. " "<! .!
*1
* "
.!! 4 / ; !.);G /
) 2/ " 12/
2 1
5 6!
/ 21 !.12
G /,;8"
"., $ )!4
"* "
! ! )9 7 " ./ 1* !.);G <) !. 1 1;
EF 2"
.1 9 "G;, "8!
.!4 1 ) 1 !
) 41 " !9 1;!
"!
G;,
.1 9 " *;8 1 8 4 "
1 * 17!) = H%A <) / ..
1 ", " < !! 4G !
2!
<! 1<" ","
.!! 4 / ;!.);G
)2/ " 12/
2 < 18 " 1 =G A !* "
1<" ", " !
<!.!
*1
* !" ! 4! !
1<" ", <! .!
*1
* "9 , "! " !
< "
<) ) !
1* G C$ "
4; +2.
1 "
= ;A8 .1 ..
1! <) /
1 * 17!)0 1*= H%A8
1<" ", " !
<!.!
*1
*<! "
/;"
)!4
"1
2!
)<!
1<" ", " 1<" ", 4 ", .!
*1
* ! / 1/; !
"
=G A8 <) ) ! ! ,"
4; 1 * 17!) 0 1* = H%A81 .3 ) //"85
/ 18 9 /!.
/8 .1"
1 +2" / I )<" )
)8 )< 18 <! !.);G 1!.
!1 / 2!
!.);G <) ) )! 4
" "
4; 1 ! 1! "
.!
*1
* G* " ""
* "
4;1 * 17!)0 1* = H%A1
4 ;<!!<// ""
<!2/!* // ", <!9
< )*2 ,1!!) ",2 <!!<// ""
.1 ", 2 1/ 9 ; ) ;
! < /!
"
!<// ") !7 " 4 ;!<)/ !.
//;)"
< 112,
"
!<// " "
! < *.
; "
" *2 1 !"
<! 2"
", 1" /!) !7 " <)/ 4 ; .
/
"
"
1"/*17! "321;2/ !
")
E&F
1! " 1 1 G )9
) <! !.);G ! ! .!
*1
* 1
/; !)< 2!
) <! " " 21/ *13
I21 =
A<! " )2!
) 1 "/<!"
1 <!1
* G./ "! )<!) )
) ..
4;9 1 ) ! !.
/ 7"</
, ! / 4/ 1 " G./" " <) ) " / 21 1< " " ! )<
) ) 211
< 18
) ! 2"" 21/ 4; / <2/ " !)< ..
) **
*21
1 / !!87
. ", "9 <
*
1 /"1 !)!4
.!
4;5) "
1+ ",)8*./ ""
= H$A *13
I21 =
A <! 4
" " ) 1 "/<! )2!
"
*"
!$8C <! 1 !
B 4
!8
I1*3
I21= HJA<) ! ! !
1
*13
I21 *11
",1 3 + ",)8 41 1 ..
)! / 1/;!
2!
2!
2"
*"
* " ""
" <
*"
1 <1;8 " 4 ! /; "
*13
I21 ) **
!2
"
..
) 4
** !! " !2
4; *13
I21 =
A8 <) ) !/!"
"
"1 !
4;/ 1"
2"!
/1 ..
" 12*!
!8 ! ) / *13
I21 =
A ) **
!2
8 <) ) <! 4
4; ..
())*"+ ",)) ..
)! <) / ""
) !/ 4/ *.
"!
*4;.; ", !'8C !'8C
)) !) / "!*.
"! "12! ", 4
!2
EJF / 1"
2"!
/ 1 +
)! /
9 +) *"
. + ",) )",28
+ .2 ; +2.
1 "
1/ /8 / * " ", .
1 *.1 !"* 2"
1,"
4; ..
())*"+ ",)"
1*! ! 9 ..
)! 2"
1,"
2/ *.1 !"* 9 ;
1!8 / "*"
)!"
< ;21 ;!!"$NJ%B< * !! "! ) )! 2"
1,"
*.1 !"* ! G ;
1!8
*"
)!"
< ; ;! <!1 /
"4 / " .1 4; ) !21 "9
1
J%) 1 8 " !"
12*!
! <2/ 32!
G.
!
..
1 .
1 *.1 !"* /1 ;2"
1,"
4; ) *1 2"
1+
"&N 1 ",/;8 ..
/ ! .1 /; //<
"
"9 " "
..
1 2"
+
" & ! !
!
"
) ! "!
"9
1 2"
1+
"&N "
!
.
1 /1 ; 2"
1,"
!8 ..
!)// .; *.
"! "
!'8C ) ! < ) / " !'8C ) ) ! ) / " =+++1"A 2 , =+21 "
12.
A 2 , $%&$' *