High Court of Punjab and HaryanaCRM-M/31706/2013allowed

Subhash Chand v. State Of Haryana And ANR,

2023-03-03Mr. Justice Karamjit Singh14 pages

!"# $#

%#& # ' ((((( (((((

#)* +#, '-. /#'# #0/ #-.,-%#& #.+*1#-. /##' 0 ((((( ! 2'#' 3 &'#

145 467089 98 # :

7" "3 ; # < # " 3 #'#

#"-

+ &'3 # #"

5 '# 4#4# 67 #" >#4# 4'# >#+'33 4 &#' 0 *+# 4 >#>334 '#3 3 + #4?13 +#3 /334 *3 23 0#> # < +'3@#' 0 / 4#+ 33 9?8

#" /'3 3 >3 /##' 0 #' 0 3/4 '+ += 4#+33 #3 #>3' '#%>/# #/ ## >#'3 5 >4 #+ +'##' 0 14 /4 +-'#3 13 # 3 * 3 ' "3

/ #4# 3 8 +# '# #' 0 - > ># '3 5 = # 4#+33 9?8 2 3#'# #' 0 '#' 4#+33 #"-# # 3># '3 + #4?

13+#3 2 3#'# ##

+ 33& 4#+33>/#= &'# #4# 43 >#' 0 #' 0 ' &+ '# &>&3 #2 3# '# ##

+ .= #"/1 # /3 -+#4#+33 #&32 3#'# ##

+ '#>>#14 7 3>& 4/3 AB#' 0

##* 3 ' 4 <4 49? #' 0 ### '&4 3 + '& 2 3#'# ##

'# #5 #' 0 / 3 + # C 4/#'3 -#' 0 ##3 /3 0 ? #"14 4# ##'#+) ##4'##+ ##4 # ' 3 5 ## ##4'##+34 3 2 3# '# ## > + 4 > #> &'3# / # #.= #" 2 3#'# ##

+ # ## '/#3 5 -#' 0 #4 4#+ 33 9?8 #" 2 #4 +-#' 0 ##3 #' '##+ 1 + '&'3 /3 .= #"82 /3 >3 # > #>3#3#/3 #" 2'# /3 3 >#+'33& &4 = 4#+ 33 # " 2 3 # '# ##

+ /3 #''##+ 334 4#+- 3''#4 3'# #4/ #1433 5 > '## #+ # # 43&''3+/ & '''#& # # #9 3 > ' / # # 9: # "? 2 3 # '# ##

+ #4' & -'# 33

13 33 + #4?13+#3* 3 '

4 "3

#4# ''3

#"9 > 3 8 #+ # '#' / 2 #+> # & # # / # # 8 #" 2 3# '# ##

+#'#/ 4# #+ #-'#3 13 3 '

* 3 '

"3#/3 3 #-

-8 @/ #4# 3 :8 #"7++ 3&##-#' 0 ##3 # #'#+) 4 '###+#+= 4&3 >#4# 3 + #4?13+#3 C /3 ) # #>' 4'#2###' 0 3 4&#+#3/3 -4#4# +' 4 67 #" 4'# 2 3#'# ## '#/3/ '

#3&/3 # '#> /4 /#' 0 #&# '#2 3#'# ## 33& # ++ &#' 0 >#4 4#+33

#" = 9?8 #' 0

3 /3 1 +#3'

&#4# 3 '# &'# 4 +'

4 67 #" > 3 +

'# # '

/3 # 4/3 ##+3

2'#' & >33 3#+'3 2 3 # +'3

+ '## 4#+333 + #4?13 +#3# # 8- @>#' 0 ## / .= #" += 4#+- '##/ #3 # 8- @ 3 /#' 3 / '#

##2 3##' 0 ##

+ #' 0 ###># ' 3 5 2 3#+'3 ##

+ >/#'#3 = #4# 3 3 / ##' 0 ## .= #" #/ ## #>4 3 > ## > &'# 2 3#+'3 ##

+#= .= #"'#/# ) '#' 0 ##/#3 5 #=+# @

&#-

### ##4#'/#3 ->&>#+'33 3/3 #'#+) ##'## '#3+4 >#' # 33 3 > #' 0 ##3 &>&''##+ 4#+33 #" /3 3# '#4/ #14'#>3333

#4 ' & - > '## + #

#4# 4'#' / #3/# #3# #3 # .= #"? 9: 2 3#+'3 ## 3&8 '## 4 33 ''3 #"9#+ #'#4# 33 13 '

3 * 3 ' 4 "3

2 3#+'3 ##

+ &'# 4# ## >3/ ''3>'

' # &4#@/3< 4 < # /- 0#> 2 & 4# >3 '4 # #

#" +'3& #/ ''3 3 #+ # 3 '#'#& 5 - +'3'#/ # # 9 : &4# ) # 3# &= 2 3# +'3 ##

+ # # # " > &'##+ # &4#->> >33/# > # + ''3

#"9>/#'

' ##4 3# #4'## ''#/3 ## 2 3#+'3 ##

++'3@#' 0 >/41>3 4 34''3.= #"9 # #.= #" '##+> + 2'#'# # # # #" ##' +##+ # & 4# 2 3#+'3 ## #+ '# 3>#+ #" -/

'# + '#' 0 ## /# '#'#&2 3#+'3 ##

+ ++ 3&#44# # #" #

3+# '#= 3 #" :8 #4# 4 3 + #4 13/ #* 3 ' "3

2 3#'# ##

+ 3 '#33& 3# + ># ' 3 +#3 ' #4# 4 3 >' 4/3 #->' # # 3 3 3 > '##+ ## 2 3#+'3 ## / '#'#'#+>1#+ ## &'#

# = 3 # " 2 3 # +'3 ##

+ 3 #"> = &'#>+3 &34# # &'# >#4 33+'3 ## 5 3&675 #" #4# 4'## 5 #& &'32 3# +'3 ##

+ /3 # "8- > &'#>33 &

5 '

## 33& /3 > # / ) 4+ ?

#. 3 #" 2 3#+'3 ## '#> /4#+/#& 44#' 0

## 4# #'# 4'#

+ 3 3&/3>33#+3 2 3# +'3>33 4#4 +

+ 4# + ## # :?

#"4-># /4-'33'# 334'# '# + # :

7" 7/ #

++ & 3# '# 2/3 #>3'4) 4+ #.

'3 /3 & 4 4#+33 #". '# 4#+33 #"#' 0 ## ' #3 # 8- @'#-> /# ' 3 3 '#' / #' 0 ## ;

3& 4#+ 33 .= # "- >

#4# + ## &#4>#'/ # #' 0 ##343>3 > & %B 3

'#+ #7

! !># 3 ++/ 3'#'#& 3433&### # /& # 4#+33-4#3'>##&#A>33B '#'#&

3433& 3> 33&### @/& 3& &#4# 3@/& 6 ##'##3 > &%B 3

'#+ # "#"" $# "

% "

& !'! 3 4 # #3& 4#+ 33 > 3

)

'&++' &>'& 33

/4#4# '

#' ) 8 +'.-?99-+' &>33

#5 # ' ># &' ### '#' / += 4#+33 ##%B 3

'#+ #(" )* +) $ ,"

'' #/ >33 3 /#& ##> 3 4/#& 4 3& # # > 3 + 4>##>& ''3& /#&'7 /3' 3# - + + 4 2%B 3

'#+ #7

$ ./

00 12 4#>4 &

#3/#'

#3&/3 '

#+3 /33>#+ #+ +42+3# /> > ## & %B 3

'#+ #

* 3

"$ ( 4"+

2%B 3

'#+ #%"

" $ ,"

&2 00+ ' & #/ 33> 13. Let us now examine whether the ingredients of an offence of cheating are made out. The essential ingredients of the offence of "cheating" are as follows: (i) deception of a person either by making a false or misleading representation or by dishonest concealment or by any other act or omission; (ii) fraudulent or dishonest inducement of that person to either deliver any property or to consent to the retention thereof by any person or to intentionally induce that person so deceived to do or omit to do anything which he would not do or omit if he were not so deceived;

and (iii) such act or omission causing or is likely to cause damage or harm to that person in body, mind, reputation or property. To constitute an offence under section 420, there should not only be cheating, but as a consequence of such cheating, the accused should have dishonestly induced the person deceived (i) to deliver any property to any person, or (ii) to make, alter or destroy wholly or in part a valuable security (or anything signed or sealed and which is capable of being converted into a valuable security).

0> /#4'#-67 >#4# 4#+33 9?8- #"-= &'#/ ##' 0 ###/3 3 # 8- @->>' & '#' / / # '#;

3&-'# + '#' 0 ##/# '#'#&5 . + 3&-4#+33-.= #"-

#4# + ># & ' 3 / ### '#' / -.= #"-#5 # #4#'#) 3'# + "#6

'#D>33 4#+33 #& 3/ #'#' / 7-#= 4#+33

9?8-.= #"- #''##+>3 & '#' / >#4# #4#3 #/ #

&'#->'# #&#= 4#+336#+'# 3.= #"8''# # ''##+ 4#+33 #"> 3 &#' 0 ##-&# #3'

&#= 4#+33.= #"7

+3 33 /# # 4#+ 3 &'#+#'#> #+4#' 0 ## ## - #4' & - 3> 3 & # # 33&- 3> 3

) #' /3 . + 3&- # = 4#+ 33

9?8 #"- '##+ 3#'# 8&# 34 >'## &# - ''#3&#4## >'#> /4# /'#' / -#+ /#& 44->4#+33 #">= '##/ #3 # 8- @#+ '#' / /#'3 5 +2#' 0 ##/ ! 3 3+= 4#+33-.= #"- '#>/4 # '#' /

&14 8- @#++ 73 3>/#& ##> 3 4/# 43# & +# / 7"#"

$%# #&$C)#&D399

'' '( ))8-%B 3

'#+ #4/33>44# > # '># # :?

#" =# & #'#/

'#3> "# #$% # % % % % #!% &'#( )# !'*

!! # (%% !!% *( %!% )%*! $ #!!* + "# #$% # % % % %# &(&!!% ($#,-%% !% !%$./%!&0* ($' $%/( %!%!

* 1!% %#%2! * % % $ 3## * '3%1!% %#%+ "# #*!% %' $% #,-% !% #'!!%! *

% %# % % !% #!%

%%(%!)%*! $ #!!* + "# & # $% # ,- % % !% * !%$./ %! /* !% * %( %!%$./ %!&%' $% /( %!%! 3#%* % % $ !% * 1!%

%#%+ "# #$% #,-% !% % / * # ( %//%#/ %3#!#%

* %!' !#0* !%!* %##

*!$ %*% %!$$ #!!* + "# # 2

$/ $ (%#

%' % %#%% #!%! 4!* 3#!# ! %!$ * % # *% !%*!%# %!$ 5% 3# #

%' % # %% # !%! 4!& %'$ !!%*

% #$ '!%#$$ ' (+ "# ! %!$ (3# 5% 3# # %!$ !%* ( * 3#* % %'% 3 )$'$!%#!!* 3#'3%

#*% ' % $ *$+

73 '3>'># # :?

#" 3 =# #'#/

'#& ###> # ) 7=-## + ) 4+%B 3

'#+ # #*#"*#+#*+ , ##"*#+*+-.+& *- / $ "#"

$% 0##"/& 12'345( 46(71)

7'#-34'#> /4& ## 4#+ 33 #"-#' 0 3 /3 + # / ) 4+ # ? #. 3 #" - #/> 67 #"

'#3> '#33>4# 3 >*#0#&#68.

'#-+ 67 #" / + # +1& # :

7"4 '# 7 3 '# + > & # &/3 '

# 44/3##+3 '

- 1 /4#3/3&#3#+3+'# /3 '

2%B 3

'#+ ##3.''30 ?8

.* -#*#9.* "#"

$%#&#"#:#/ .

'33& #/ =#4

'#3>>+ #4 #& ###'>#/ # # :?

#"'#/

'#3> #'># 67/##43 &'3- 3

&%B 3

'#+ #&#& -#$*#""#/&9."#"

4$;"$%$% 6*+(! 9 8 #3 ? 734 / -'#'33> +'

4 67 #" #4 #"

3 4'### &5 34>33

5 '# 4#4##+ 4 (

# #;$$"<+"

& Whether reasoned / speaking?

Yes / No Whether reportable?

Yes / No