Suresh Chand Rahi And ANR. v. Ut Of Chandigarh




    
 
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..8  60".+7'( 
8"*+7(9*(&&7#8'("#+:;7(&-.7(9&":7%"$;', <$'<"$+;) Whoever cheats and thereby dishonestly induces the person deceived to deliver any property to any person, or to make, alter or destroy the whole or any part of a valuable security, or anything which is signed or sealed, and which is capable of being converted into a valuable security, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine."


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"11. It is thus paramount that in order to attract the provisions of Section 420 IPC, the prosecution has to not only prove that the accused has cheated someone but also that by doing so, he has dishonestly induced the person who is cheated to deliver property.

There are, thus, three components of this offence, i.e., (i)the deception of any person, (ii) fraudulently or dishonestly inducing that person to deliver any property to any person, and (iii) mens rea or dishonest intention of the accused at the time of making the inducement.

There is no gainsaid that for the offence of cheating, fraudulent and dishonest intention must exist from the inception when the promise or representation was made."

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 * "12. Be that as it may. The appellant - Raj Pal is on bail since the year 2005, in both the aforementioned cases. Thereafter appellant was never found indulged in any similar activity, which shows that with the passage of time, he has adopted the principles of reformatory theory, which otherwise also sends a direct message to reform oneself despite facing conviction in a criminal case(s). For coming to this conclusion, I draw support from the judgment of His Lordship V.R. Krishna Iyer, J., of Hon'ble Apex Court, rendered in case of
 

     

 wherein in para No. 5 it has been observed as under:9 "5. If every saint has a past, every sinner has a future, and it is the role of law to remind both of this. The Indian legal genius of old has made a healthy contribution to the word treasury of criminology. The drawback of our criminal process is that often they are built on the bricks of impressionist opinions and dated values. Ignoring empirical studies and deeper researches." (emphasis added)

13. In the case of   !! "  #  $% & ' decided on 30.09.2020, His Lordship Surya Kant, J., says as:

"Whilst it is undoubtedly true that society has a right to lead a peaceful and fearless life, without free9roaming criminals creating havoc in the lives of ordinary peace9loving citizens. But equally strong is the foundation of reformative theory which propounds that a civilised society cannot be achieved only through punitive attitudes and vindictiveness; and that instead public harmony, brotherhood and mutual acceptability ought to be fostered. Thus, first9time offenders ought to be liberally accorded a chance to repent their past and look9forward to a bright future." (emphasis added)



14. This Court also cannot ignore the observation made by their Lordships' of Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of Commissioner of Police and others vs. Sandeep Kumar, (2011) 4 SCC 644 which says:- "9. ...... The modern approach should be to reform a person instead of branding him as a criminal all his life".

15. In the case of Haribhau vs. State of Maharashtra, (2018) 18 SCC 43 Hon'ble Apex Court made observation in the case of an appeal which was preferred against an order of reduction of sentence 'as already undergone'. Para 13 of the said judgment says as under:- "13. In our considered opinion, firstly, taking into account that the appellant has already undergone one month's jail sentence out of three months awarded to him, secondly, the fact that the incident in question is quite old and seems to have occurred at the spur of the moment, thirdly, the appellant has no criminal antecedent in his past life and lastly, he is not required in any other criminal case except the one in question which the appellant fairly did not deny having committed and rightly did not challenge his conviction, it is considered to be just and proper to alter the jail sentence awarded to the appellant from three months to the extent of period of one month which was already undergone by him and instead enhance the total fine amount awarded under different sections from Rs. 800 to Rs.15,000/-"

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