Sukhdev Singh v. UOI And ORS
!
"
# $# % & # '( )))) #
# ( *+, - ! # (#
# .#/ 0 !, - ! #
# - 2# -##, - ! # #( % & ))))
& (, (# ++" !+ 3 # # 445, 467 -8 # , , #(!+3 # 9+ 9# " :!+ # /# #!# 2# ;#(#, 9 !+ .*- . 757 0
;# 9 .# # " !+ -#" 2# , <&' 9 + = +3, 466 + 9 ### -#23 # >3 ?
, -2## # = #3 9 9 *#" # 22 # ( ++9"
# # 6 ! " #$% #& !'( )$ *+
,- . +/
0. ")$#& 1 %/
2 ( ,+/ ( 3 4 55+ / 6 1 1 + &77) 2 55+ - 55 4- 8 + 0. + 5 8 8 +/3 +- - 0-
- 5 8+ / 9 " 0+. - 0 084+ 55+ :
< ## #( (# #2 #" # 67 -#23 - ;9 #" 9# #2 9 # # *-
22"; ! '
**<"<3 !4. !5 21!2 ( 2 (!& !=("; %<!21 (5 ># & ! ?!(1 ? "<;';<"2 !2 !
="2"; 2 ='! '<
%<3 "2?!?& 2 (<2 "
9)!
* 21< "%!" <"!' %< (5 +
22"; ! '
**<"<3 !4. !5 21!2 ( 2 (!&3 !=("; %<!21 (5 ># & ! ?!(1 ? "<;';<"2 !2 "
2 !
="2"; 2 ='! '<
%<3 "2?!?& 2
(<2 " 9)!
* 21< "%!"
<"!' %<:
755, 9 2# 9 # # # '
+ 6 -#23 '
+, 7@ # #3 9 #= # ++9 # (# # #+" (+ " "
+3 # "
+3 A#+# ( 2, (# (+ " +3 B# 547, #3 ! 2(+ -#23 '
+ , 6 # 9 (# (+ "
+3 # > #" ; 2 > ## >3 2( #3 747 ;
, (# (# 9+ 2(" (+3 ' ; > # # '"# 2(#2 C # '& # 2 ## #" '& ++ > ## >3 2 +#3 3 9 # # 445 <+" ""#! >3 # # 445, (# (###
9 #(#D((+ ># 8 "# #3 :"# #3 #2 # # 445 -8 # & 29+, (# 9 #" #2 #! 467, (# #! 9 +# (+3 #!# :, (# ( B# + # (# >2 # = #3, (# > #" 6 ;##, # 2 #" . # # , # #3 9 #= # 2(+3 '
+ 6 -#23 '
+ ; 2 > 2(+ ;##, # # +>+ > < ## 9 ((++ #3 C "# #3 9 (#E #(#D((+ 9 ## '
+ 6 # 9 #" " >3 " #3 + 9+ " # = #3 6 & 9 ## >2 # = #3 (# " > # # ( #( " 3 2#
# '
+ 5 & 9 + >2 # # #" 9 ## ++" ! #2 (#! = (# 4 # # #" 467 ;##, # # #" #2+ # (# # # #" : (# ( :!+ #, #2+ # 9 + ! > #" #2 #! @, 9#, (# > #" 467 9 477 -D. 2( (+3 # # +# + # #( 9+ #"
(#E +2 >2 ( +3, # = #3
) (# " > # # ( #( + "
## = #3 ( # #" 755 547, #3 " (#E # (+ "
+3 # # '
+ , 6 -#23 '
+ < ## > "# 3 2 # #+" (+ " "
+3 # "
+3 747, (# (+ "
+3 # > #" ;##, # #23 # # & 9 ## >2 ((++ #3 9+ #2" # # 445 # #+" (+ " " +3 # 9 # # 445 ;##, # #23 # # ( >3 "# #3 #" # # ! "
## 9#" (#!, 9!#, !" #"# 2 2 (# #" # #, #3+ +# #2+ #, (# > #" #2 #! 8 2(+ (+ 3# # (3 ;##, 2#+3 = "
9#" (#! ! # # :# +# + # (# # # # 4 3# #! ; 2( " # # # #" 2# !+ # ! "
(+ "
+3 #( #" . , 9!#, # 2 (+ " "
+3 # "
+3 "!# >3 '
+, 6 -#23 '
+, 7@ 9 # #
2 55 -+ - 8 ;
8.: " 8.:
-- 8+3 +- 8+ 8808 3 8 " 8. -88 0 5++ 5 5
55 -+ - 8+- ;
8.:3 8 -88 0 5++ - + 5 @ 0 - 5++3 5 -88 -5 55 -+
+- +- 5 5 - 8++ 8. + -88
4 4 8
5 83 + 5 8 4 5 5 - 8++ 8.
+ +
5 5+ 5 88 0 4+
0. 8 8.3 + -88 +/5 4 + 8 - 4 - 44. /+ 5
. - 55 -+ 8+ 8.
! 55 -+ 8+- ;
8.:3 - 5 8 + 5 4 548 5 - 0 8 - 83 -88 0 5++ 0. 5
88 4
A 5+ 8 ;
8.:
55 -+ 5 B8 + 55 -+ 4 5 - 5 + 8++ ;
8.: + -5 + 55 -+ +
+-+ 5 - 5 + 8++ ;
8.: 2 5 8-
4+ 55 -+ 8
5 8 + +
5
5+ 3 5 88 0 88+ 5 -C -+ 8 2 5 / -- + -8 55 -+
+- +- 5 - +
5 - 8 ;
8.:3 55- + 5+- -4 2 /- - 8 - 548+ D
9 55 -+ - 8+- 8.
- 4 5- 8+ 8 /3 5 4.3 - 0 8 - 8 - 0 548+ + 0 55 -+ - + 8 / 5 5-3 + - 5 8 / 5 5-
> C 55 -+ 8+ 3 + 5+
5 -88 0 4+ 5+ - 5
= 5+ 8 ;
8.:3 5- -4 5 - 5 8 - " 8.:3 8 -88 - 5+ -5 8 5-3 +3 +
- 5-3 -88 5+ 5- 5 8 ;
8.: - 0 +@ 0 . 8 / 5-3 5 4. 5+ -5 88 5- - 55 -+ + 8++ ;
8.: . 53 4.3 -+
. 43 5+ + . 8 / 5- 5 - 8++ ;
8.:
+ + " 8.:
88 8 / 5-
!
5+ 8 ;
8.:
5 8 +- 5+ . 5-3 5 -88 + - 44. /+ 53 +
B 5+ - - - 5 - 44.3 -88 , + 5+ -
5 /+ 5 08 +4 - 53 + /
5 , 88 55 4- 5- 5
5+
5 2 /+ 5 -88 0 , 8, 4
- - +5+ 0. - 8- 5- 8 " 8.:
9 !
- 5 /+ 5 - 0 , 3 - 44. /+ 5 - 0 +3 - 5- 4. 03 55 -+ 4. ++-- 5 5 5 + 4
-4 + 4.
588 --- - - 55
)
4 -4 55 -+3
4 - 44. /+ 53 -3 -
7 5 55 -+ ++
+- +
5 - 8 ;
8.:3 5 -88 8 5+ + 8 " 8.:3 + 5+ 8 55+ 8.
8 ;
8.: - 5++ + 8 5+- -5 5- -4 5-3 5+ -
+ - 0 8-
+ 9 -88 , 85 + - 5- -4 5- 5++
> 55 -+ -- .
4
-4 5 5 C - 0 /+3 + 8+3 /+3
5 4
-4 3 5 4. 4 55 -+ 588 --- / -4
7 . 5- 5 - 4+ 0. -5 9# + 55 -+ 8.
5 5+3 8.
544
5 55 4- 5- /8/ 8-- +
-4 3 5 8+3 /+ 53 / 4+ -58 + 8.
- 0E5 B5 - / - 55+ 5 - 0 8 9 8 3 4.3 - -- + -5 - 5 5 - 55 + 5+ 8 8.
- 5
53
5 - / 0
544+ 55 4- 5- /8/ - 5 8-- +
-4 3
5 5+ - 0E5 - 5 B5 - / -:
# # #3 9+ " (#E (+ " "
+3 ## ++9 9 ## '
+ 2 + 55 -+
4- 55 -+ - + 8
$ ! - - ( 44. 8 5+ -3 55 -+ - 04-
+ /- - !? 7 8+ 8, + 4. 8 " 8.:
- 5 + -5 + 5 2 5 + /- - !?
73 + > + -4 - 0 B8 + 55 -+ +
5 8 8. 0 5- 2 5 +5+- 55 -+ 4 , 0 + - 8 " 8.: 0 5- + - 4 ! $ - $ #3 5 +E -3
8 - # 5 #:
# + '
+ (# +#+3 - #3+ +# 9 2# #3 #= # # #+" (+ " "
+3 A (+ " "
+3 > + (# 8 (+ "
+3 9 + > ( # , 9 > + /- - !?
73 + > + -4 - 0 B8 + 55 -+ +
5 8 8. 0 5-: B# (# + ! ((#! 3 # 9 9 + > #
# >'
+ - '
+ -' ( + 9 > # 2# # ;
, ! # #3 2(+ '
+ - -#23 '
+, 7@ & ## > 9+ 2(" , (# > # :!+ # (3 & >9 :!+ # (3 # . !+>+ . # ! > " >3 # #3 93 (# #= # > #!# >3 ( A! "
##3 (9# ! 9 # #3 ;
, #
# + ((+ 2 ! 9+ #!#" (# #2 :!+ # (3 ; (# 2# #+ 2# !+ 9 >3 #+ (# . 2#+ > (# + '"+ ;#(# - #3E #(# # + (#E #(# 8 2# !+ (+ "+" (# # 2 2# !+ 2 2 "+" (# (# & !9 # 2 # #3 2(+ '
+ - -#23 '
+, 445 +>+ > -# "+3, & # # , = + 9 + > (# > #" #2 #! !" #"# #! :!+ # ( #= # > # # ( #( #"" & :!+ # #! # ! #( ( # # #" " (# 9 @, 9 2(+ 6 3# ;##, # # #" 467 + &# # ((+D#(# >3 "# #3 , 2 23 + " # # # # :!" #"# # # 2, 2# > #2 " #3 / # # (# > #! :!+ #, 9 + ! > #" #2 #! @ ;##, = #2 "
2# " #3 # # #+" 2(+ '
+ - # 9 '
+ 6 -#23 '
+ # & !9 # 2, (# # ! >
#" #2 #! 9 @ # :!+ # # #( # #>3 # 8 ++ #! 2#3 > # #!" (# #2 7 @ # :!+ # 9 #! ; >! 8# ++ > 2(+ >3 # # 9 (# @ 2 #2 3 ++9
!"#$#$%& '
()* # ( "D# 0 D . # '(#>+ 0 D .