Union Of India & ORS v. Baljit Kumar
!
"#$%#$&%#$'()*$+$,%-#.(/)0$&$1.&%$)2,%#$)2*$-%3 $- !
#$4&2%1$%2%2.,$&-0$2,*%#$$+1/.5$&-.6&$-1.,)$,%7/'2% (+7& #78$ 9#7//$,*$) %#$ .&)$& .6 $,%&7/ )+2,2-%&7%28$ &20(,7/
#7,)2*7&#$,9#:6.&-#.&%;&20(,7/;<=(7-#2,*%#$2+1(*,$).&)$&.6 %$&+2,7%2.,.6-$&829$-.6%#$&$-1.,)$,%
#$ &$-1.,)$,% 47- 17&%%2+$ 9.,%2,*$,% #.4>2)7& -2,9$ 2,%#$.6629$.6(1$&2,%$,)$,%.6.-% 6629$- (&)7-1(&282-2., (&)7-1(& $47-1.-%$).,)(%56&.+?
1 + %. 1 + 7,)@ A + %.B A7 + %2//.1$,2,*.6%#$.6629$ , C%#$&$47-7, 7%%$+1%%.9.++2%%#$6%2,%#$.6629$.6%#$(1$&2,%$,)$,%.6.-% 6629$- (&)7-1(&282-2., (&)7-1(& ,9.,,$9%2.,%#$&$42%#%#$&$-1.,)$,% 47-%7>$,2,%.9(-%.)505%#$1./29$ #$6.//.42,*-#.497(-$,.%29$ )7%$)B C:,,$D(&$<47-2--($)%.#2+05%#$(1$&2,%$,)$,%.6 .-% 6629$- (&)7-1(&
E
!
"
#$
$
$
$ %
& &
'
! !
(
'
( ) ! *
*
#& &
#$&$-1.,)$,%-(0+2%%$)&$1/5G&$1&$-$,%7%2.,2,&$-1.,-$%. %#$70.8$-#.497(-$,.%29$.,?
C , C%#$6.//.42,* .&)$&47-17--$)05%#$(1$&2,%$,)$,%.6.-% 6629$- (&)7-1(& E+ , - .
! + + (
/
0$ &'
$ $
A
+, - .
!
#$
$
$
$ %
+, - .
/
1$2&& $ 3
#$ $
3$ $ *
+, - .
+, - .
$
$ !
.
&
! % *
+, - . ( % '
( ' ! & % + (
#$ &20(,7/ #$/) %#7% (1$&2,%$,)$,% .6 .-% 6629$- #717--$)%#$2+1(*,$).&)$&%$&+2,7%2,*%#$-$&829$-.6%#$&$-1.,)$,%., +$&$ 1&$-(+1%2.,- 7,) 9.,'$9%(&$- (&%#$& %#$ &20(,7/ #$/) %#7%
C 1&2,921/$-.6,7%(&7/'(-%29$4$&$,.%7)#$&$)%.05,.,-(11/5.69.15.6 %#$$,=(2&5&$1.&%%.%#$&$-1.,)$,%%.9#7//$,*$%#$)$92-2.,.6%#$,=(2&5
6629$&
?
$7&,$)9.(,-$/711$7&2,*6.&%#$4&2%1$%2%2.,$&-8$#$+$,%/5 -(0+2%%$)%#7%%#$&$-1.,)$,%47--$&82,*.,/57-717&%%2+$9.,%2,*$,%
#.4>2)7& 6%#$$+1/.5$&2-)2--7%2-62$)42%#%#$-$&829$-.67,$+1/.5$$ %#$$+1/.5$&2-$,%2%/$)%.)2-1$,-$42%#%#$-$&829$-.6-(9#7,$+1/.5$$
.$,=(2&5,$$)0$9.,)(9%$)05%#$$+1/.5$& 8$,267,$,=(2&5479.,)(9%$),.,6(&,2-#2,*.69.15.6$,=(2&5&$1.&%%.%#$$+1/.5$$).$- ,.%
2,87/2)7%$%#$$,=(2&59.,)(9%$)(,/$--1&$'()29$267,5 97(-$)%.%#$$+1/.5$$47-1/$7)$)7,)1&.8$)
.,$ 711$7&$) 6.& %#$ &$-1.,)$,% %. 9.,%$-% %#$ 70.8$ -(0+2--2.,-+7)$05/$7&,$)9.(,-$/711$7&2,*6.&%#$4&2%1$%2%2.,$&-
% 2- %&($ %#7% %#$ &$-1.,)$,% 47- -$&82,* 7- 7 17&% %2+$ 9.,%2,*$,% #.4>2)7& #$4&2%1$%2%2.,$&-0$2,*$+1/.5$&-7&$.69.(&-$ $,%2%/$)%.)2-1$,-$42%##2--$&829$-.,0$2,*6.(,),.%-7%2-679%.&5 (% $8$,26717&%%2+$9.,%2,*$,% #.4>2)7&2-%$&+2,7%$)6&.+-$&829$., 9$&%72,-1$926297//$*7%2.,%.(9#2,*(1.,#2-9.,)(9%7,$,=(2&542//#78$ %.0$9.,)(9%$)05$+1/.5$&0$6.&$8$&#$47-%$&+2,7%$)6&.+-$&829$
%#$&42-$%#$$+1/.5$$42//*..(%6&.+%#$-$&829$42%#7-/(&.&-%2*+7 42%#.(%#782,*7,.11.&%(,2%5%.&$0(%2% (9#7-/(&.&-%2*+797&&2$)05 #2+ 42%#.(% 7,5.11.&%(,2%5 %. 9#7//$,*$ 2% 42// '$.17&)2H$ #2- 6(%(&$ $+1/.5+$,% ,.%#$&4.&)-7,$+1/.5$&+75)2-1$,-$42%#%#$-$&829$- .6-(9#7,$+1/.5$$-2+1/5.,%#$*&.(,)%#7%#2--$&829$-4$&$,./.,*$&
? &$=(2&$).&%#7%%#$54$&$,.%-7%2-62$)42%#%#$1$&6.&+7,9$ (%.,9$%#$5 9.+$.(%42%#79.,9&$%$7//$*7%2.,%.(9#2,*(1.,%#$9.,)(9%.6%#$ $+1/.5$$ %#$ $+1/.5$& #7- ,. &2*#% %. -%7// %#$ 6(%(&$ 1&.-1$9%- .6 $+1/.5+$,%.67,$+1/.5$$05-79>2,*#2+(,9$&$+.,2.(-/542%#-(9#7 -/(&.&-%2*+742%#.(%766.&)2,*#2+7,.11.&%(,2%5%.9#7//$,*$2%
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
%#$&$-1.,)$,% #$&$6.&$%#$1$%2%2.,$&--#.(/),.%#78$79%$)$2%#$&., %#$1./29$&$1.&%4#29#47-,.%6(&,2-#$)%.%#$&$-1.,)$,%.&.,%#$1./29$ 2,%$&&.*7%2.,).,$05%#$1./29$2,/.9>(1 @
,
!"# $ %#$.,;0/$ (1&$+$ .(&%#$/)7-6.//.4-
* $
'
'
4
'
5
0 6
78 '
5
#7% 47- 7 97-$ 4#$&$ 6792/2%7%2., 7,) 70$%+$,% .6 $+0$HH/$+$,% 4$&$ 7//$*$) 7*72,-% 7 %$+1.&7&5 $+1/.5$$ (% 97+.(6/7*2,*%#$+.%28$0$#2,)%#$)$92-2.,%.%$&+2,7%$%#$-$&829$-.6 -(9# 7, $+1/.5$$ 7 -$$+2,*/5 2,,.9(.(- .&)$& 47- 17--$) 05 %#$ $+1/.5$& #$.,;0/$(1&$+$ .(&%#7-#$/)(,)$&-(9#92&9(+-%7,9$- %#7%%#$ .(&%#7-%#$1.4$&%./26%%#$8$2/7,)-$$%#$07-2-.66.(,)7%2., /72) 05 %#$ $+1/.5$& 6.& %$&+2,7%2., 6 7 %$+1.&7&5 $+1/.5$$ 47- %$&+2,7%$).,%#$*&.(,).6+2-9.,)(9%4#29#+75,.%0$&$6/$9%$)2,%#$ 2,,.9(.(-.&)$&.6%$&+2,7%2.,-(9#7,.&)$&4.(/)0$71(,2%28$.,$
,)$&-(9#92&9(+-%7,9$-%#$$+1/.5$&97,,.%78.2)7,$,=(2&5%.0$ 9.,)(9%$)7-47&&7,%$)05&%29/$A:<.6%#$ .,-%2%(%2.,.6,)27
,7-#.&%'()*$+$,%1&.,.(,9$)05%#$.,;0/$(1&$+$ .(&% 2,%&' ( )*
$++,! # ,-2%
47-#$/)7-6.//.4- E6
1
0 4 ($2
$
$#$
0 4 ($3 *
!! !
%
/
9 *
5
*
5
0 4 ($2
)
:'
0 4 ($2
6$;$
#$$+1/.5$&2,%#$70.8$97-$%$&+2,7%$)%#$-$&829$-.67 %$+1.&7&5$+1/.5$$.,%#$*&.(,)%#7%#$)$+7,)$)>29>079>0(%,. $,=(2&547-9.,)(9%$)2,799.&)7,9$42%#/74 #$.,;0/$(1&$+$ .(&% (,)$&-(9#92&9(+-%7,9$-9#.-$%.-$%7-2)$%#$.&)$&.6%$&+2,7%2., A
$7&,$) 9.(,-$/ 711$7&2,* 6.& %#$ 4&2% 1$%2%2.,$&- 92%$) 7 )$92-2., 2, ' .
/
0 1 $++2! # "4#$&$2,2%#7-0$$,#$/)7-6.//.4-