Union Of India Ad ORS. v. Cat And ORS.
! " !"#$"#%$"#&'()#*#+$,"-'.(/#%#0-%$#(1+$"#(1)#,$2 #,
3
#
"# 4%1$ 0#$1$1-+#%, 1+ 5.. $"# 56-%#*#+$1-+#( $"%## 4%1$ 0#$1$1-+,"57#,-')"$$-%#71#4$"#(1%#8$1-+,1,,'#(/9$"#.#5%+#(%1/'+5.
1+$"#%#,0#8$17# %1)1+5.00.185$1-+,$-)%5+$5../#+#61$,5,0%59#(6-%/9 $"#0%175$#%#,0-+(#+$,1+$#%*,-6$"#&'()#*#+$1+
- : ;;(#81(#(-+ ;
"#0%175$#%#,0-+(#+$,1+1$15..9&-1+#($"##5, -+,$%'8$1-+ -5%(<6-%,"-%$= =>5,#8$1-+ 6618#%,<#8"5+185.>1+$"#9#5%; ;:1+$"#059,85.#-6? "#94#%#(#8.5%#(,'%0.',1+$#%*, -6$"#0%-71,1-+,-6$"#'+&5/ #-%)5+1@5$1-+8$5+(5,5%#,'.$-64"18"
$"#1%+5*#,4#%#%#6#%%#($-$"# #+$%5.'%0.',$566 #..1+#8#*/#% ;AB "#94#%#%#(#0.-9#(1+$"##05%$*#+$-6$"#4%1$0#$1$1-+#%,1+$"# *-+$"-659;A
"#0%175$#%#,0-+(#+$,-0$#(6-%8#+$%5.059,85.#, 0'%,'5+$ $- $"# -7#%+*#+$ -6 +(15 1%8'.5% ++#C'%# (5$#( ;A
"#1%059,85.#-6 B ?45,%#71,#($- B:? ;AD -6%#,"-0$1-+45,)17#+$-$"#0%175$#%#,0-+(#+$,5+( $"#98-+$1+'#(1+8#+$%5.059,85.#5,%#71,#(-+ ;AD5+( ;;D
"#0#%,-+,,1*1.5%.9,1$'5$#(61.#(
- : -6;;$1$.#(5, /#6-%# $"#
"5+(1)5%"#+8"-6$"# #+$%5.(*1+1,$%5$17#%1/'+5.8.51*1+)%#71,#( 8#+$%5.059,85.#,-6 DB;4 ;AD41$"5..8-+,#E'#+$15.
/#+#61$, "#,51(500.185$1-+45,5..-4#(71(#-%(#%++#C'%#B(5$#( ;
!- ;;D;-661.#(/9$"#4%1$0#$1$1-+#%,"#%#1+5, 5)51+,$$"#,51(-%(#%45,'.$1*5$#.9(1,*1,,#(-+:
+ 0%#6#%%#($"#%#5)51+,$45,8-+7#%$#(5, 171.00#5.5+($"#%#56$#%1$45, 5.,- (1,*1,,#( /9$"# -+=/.#'0%#*# -'%$ -+ ;
, $"#
: 8-+$%-7#%,945,,#$5$%#,$/9$"#-+=/.#'0%#*# -'%$$"# -7#%+*#+$ -6+(15#05%$*#+$-6#%,-++#.5+(%51+1+)1,,'#()#+#%5. 1%8'.5% (5$#( <++#C'%#B>(1%#8$1+)$-#C$#+($"#/#+#61$-6$"# &'()#*#+$1+"5%5$"',"5+=,85,#<,'0%5>#7#+$-+-+500.185+$,
#5%($"#,'/*1,,1-+,*5(#/9.#5%+#(8-'+,#.500#5%1+)6-% $"# 4%1$ 0#$1$1-+#%, 5+( .#5%+#( 8-'+,#. 500#5%1+) 6-% $"# 0%175$# %#,0-+(#+$,1+5..$"#,#$"%##4%1$0#$1$1-+,
"#0%175$#%#,0-+(#+$,"5(/##+-%1)1+5..9,#%71+)5,#8$1-+
6618#%, <#8"5+185.> '+(#% $"# 6$#% $"#9 "5( /##+ (#8.5%#( ,'%0.',$"#94#%#%#(#0.-9#(41$"$"#4%1$0#$1$1-+#%,1+$"#*-+$"-659 ;A
$1,5.,-+-$1+(1,0'$#$"5$$"#9"57#-0$#(6-%8#+$%5.059,85.#,
-6%#,"-0$1-+45,,-')"$6%-*$"#0%175$#%#,0-+(#+$,$"#%#56$#% +-$"#% 4-%(,$"#98-+$1+'#($-%#8#17#$"#8#+$%5.059,85.#5,%#71,#(-+ ;AD 5+( ;;D
$1,5+5(*1$$#(0-,1$1-+$"5$,1*1.5%.9,1$'5$#(#*0.-9##,61.#(
$1$.#(5,"5%5$"',"5+5+(-$"#%,7, +1-+-6+(155+($"#%#71,#( 059,85.#-6DB;4 ;AD41$"5..8-+,#E'#+$15./#+#61$,45, )17#+ "#*5$$#%4#+$'0$-$"#-+=/.#'0%#*# -'%$/'$'.$1*5$#.9$"# (#81,1-+$5F#+/9$"#%1/'+5.45,*51+$51+#(5,5%#,'.$-64"18"$"# #05%$*#+$-6#%,-++#.5+(%51+1+) -7#%+*#+$-6+(151,,'#(81%8'.5% (5$#( #C$#+(1+)$"#/#+#61$-6$"#5/-7#&'()#*#+$#7#+$-+-+ 500.185+$,
'%,'5+$$-$"#.#)5.0-,1$1-+,#$$.#(1+
<,'0%5>$"#4%1$0#$1$1-+#%,85++-$"57#5+9%#5,-+$-(#+9$"#/#+#61$,
B ,-')"$6-%/9$"#0%175$#%#,0-+(#+$,1+$#%*,-6$"#56-%#,51(&'()#*#+$
C #*0.-9##,"5(/##+(#0.-9#(1+75%1-',#05%$*#+$, 1+8.'(1+)$"##05%$*#+$-6$"#4%1$0#$1$1-+#%,(%541+)$"#*6%-*$"#.1,$ *51+$51+#(/9$"# #+$%5.'%0.',$566 #..
1,8%1*1+5$1-+ #C #*0.-9##,(#0.-9#(1+75%1-',#05%$*#+$,6-%+-65'.$-6$"#1%,1, +-$5$5..0#%*1,,1/.# ..-$"#%#05%$*#+$,4"#%##C #*0.-9##,"5( /##+%#(#0.-9#("5(1*0.#*#+$#($"#7#%(18$1+"5%5$"',"5+=,85,# $ 1,%#5..9,'%0%1,1+)$"5$#7#+56$#%$"#-(5.1+1,$%9-6 -7#%+*#+$-6 +(151 1+1,$%9-6#%,-++#.'/.18 %1#75+8#, #+,1-+, "5( 588#0$#( $"# .#)5. 0-,1$1-+ 5+( 5(71,#( $"# #05%$*#+$, 8-+8#%+#( $- 1*0.#*#+$$"#(#81,1-+1+"5%5$"',"5+=,85,#1+.#$$#%5+(,01%1$$"#4%1$ 0#$1$1-+#%,5%#%#.'8$5+$$-1*0.#*#+$$"#5/-7#(1%#8$1-+,1+$"#85,#-6 0%175$#%#,0-+(#+$, ;
$45,,'/*1$$#(/9.#5%+#(8-'+,#.500#5%1+)6-%$"#4%1$ 0#$1$1-+#%,$"5$$"#1*0.#*#+$5$1-+-6$"#0%59#%,-')"$6-%/9$"#0%175$# %#,0-+(#+$, 4-'.( 057# 459 6-% (1,8%1*1+5$1-+ 5*-+),$ $"# '+1-% +)1+##%,#*0.-9#(1+$"##05%$*#+$-6$"#4%1$0#$1$1-+#%, #5%+#( 8-'+,#. 500#5%1+) 6-% $"# 0%175$# %#,0-+(#+$, 4-'.( %#,1,$ $"# 5/-7# ,'/*1,,1-+-+$"#)%-'+($"5$$"#0%175$#%#,0-+(#+$,4#%#58.5,,/9 $"#*,#.7#,5,$"#9"5(/##+%#(#0.-9#(56$#%$"#9"5(/##+(#8.5%#(5, ,'%0.',1+
!#61+($"5$ $"#%#1,+-6-%8#1+$"#,'/*1,,1-+*5(#/9 .#5%+#(8-'+,#.500#5%1+)6-%$"#4%1$0#$1$1-+#%, ,%1)"$.90-1+$#(-'$/9 $"# .#5%+#( 8-'+,#. 500#5%1+) 6-% 0%175$# %#,0-+(#+$, $"# 0%175$#
%#,0-+(#+$,"5(+-$/##+500-1+$#($"%-')"+-%*5.*-(#-6%#8%'1$*#+$$- -88'09$"#0-,1$1-+-6'+1-%+)1+##%,.1F#-$"#%'+1-%+)1+##%,1+$"# #05%$*#+$ -6 4%1$ 0#$1$1-+#%, + 658$ $"#9 4#%# (#0.-9#( $- $"# #05%$*#+$-6$"#4%1$0#$1$1-+#%,56$#%$"#9"5(0'$1+9#5%,-6,#%718# 1+ 5+( (#8.5%#( ,'%0.', 1+ $#%*, -6 $"# 0%-71,1-+, -6 '+&5/
#-%)5+1@5$1-+8$ +(#%,'8"81%8'*,$5+8#,$"#0%175$#%#,0-+(#+$, 8-+,$1$'$#(58.5,,/9$"#*,#.7#, "#%#6-%#1*0.#*#+$5$1-+-6$"#5/-7# (#81,1-+1+"5%5$"',"5+=,85,#4-'.(+-$(1,8%1*1+5$#5+9,1*1.5%.9 ,1$'5$#('+1-%+)1+##%1+$"##05%$*#+$-6$"#4%1$0#$1$1-+#%,
+71#4-6$"#5/-7#4#61+($"5$$"#%#1,+-*#%1$1+$"#,#4%1$ 0#$1$1-+,5+($"#%#6-%#$"#,5*#,$5+((1,*1,,#(
$ % !" #0$#*/#%
$! "% '.5$1 !"
D