Manoj Kumar Dua v. Union Of India And ORS
!"# $#%&'&()#*+,!+- .
/
) 01221 +#'#(") +!'3##"2&(45#$&.$6%!"# +"5#7#"&"&(#+ +899!,'5!:.$6%!"# ++#'7($#(" +!3!(25!+3!.$6%!"# ++#'7($#("' !($; +2,3&"!&(.$6%!"# ++#'7($#("< !=#'5&($!: 5#7#"&"&(#+.>5>!'!(!77:&%!(" +!::"3#(" 1 $&'"+&*,"+'5&7!"#5>!.5!' &:#$"5#7+#'#("7#"&"&('##?&(4@,!'5&(4
"5#+#',:"$!"#$
((#A,+#B/ +!(?&(4"5#7#"&"&(#+!"2+
!($+#'7($#("<!"2+!($ ,+"5#++#=#%"&(4"5#%37:!&(" &:#$ *-"5#7#"&"&(#+6&$#%33,(&%!"&($!"#$C <
((#A,+#B D 1#!+(#$ %,('#: + "5# 7#"&"&(#+ ',*3&""#$ "5!" 5!+!" #"+:#,3+7+!"&(
+'5+".0"5#+7+!"&(0 &'',#$!$6#+"&'#3#("
+!::"3#(" 1$&'"+&*,"+'5&7!"#5>!(
E5#7#"&"&(#+ !'>#::!'+#'7($#("'<>#+#"5#!77:&%!("'5#("5#+#',:">!'
$#%:!+#$(
.+#'7($#("<>!'>!'+!(?#$ &+'".>5#+#!'"5# 7#"&"&(#+'#%($5#%+&"#+&! +!>!+$&(43!+?',($#+$&
#+#("5#!$'5!$ *##(:!&$$>(&("5#!$6#+"&'#3#("("5#3!+?'"*#!>!+$#$("5# *!'&' $%,3#("'!((#A#$>&"5"5#!77:&%!"&('.*"54"E<," D #'7($#("<>!'4&6#(3!+%56#+"5#7#"&"&(#+>5&:#!>!+$&(4 3!+?'&(&("#+6&#>25#5!6&(4(#A7#+&#(%#!"!::>!'4+!("#$5&45#+ 3!+?' +*,'&(#''!%,3#(.!'%37!+#$""5#7#"&"&(#+>55!$+&%5 #A7#+&#(%#&("5#:&(#&(%:,$&(47#"+:#,3"+!$## ,+"5#+',*3&""#$"5!"
&( "5# !77:&%!"&( &:#$ *- +#'7($#(" <. '5# %:!&3#$ (# -#!+0' #A7#+&#(%#!'!#'&$#("#$&%!:
&%#+ &($&
#+#("5'7&"!:'.>5#+#!'
"5!" !%">!'>+(4!'&">!'("5&(4#:'#*,"&("#+('5&7"+!&(&(4%37:#"#$ *-+#'7($#("<.>5&%5>!'7!+" "5#2%,+'#*# +#!>!+$&(4 "5#$#4+##(%!'#!(-&( +3!"&(&'7+6&$#$>+(4&("5#!77:&%!"&(.&" >!'"5#+>&'#:&!*:#"*#+#=#%"#$">!'>&"54+#!"$&
&%,:"-*- &:&(4 !77:&%!"&(',($#+"5#&45""( +3!"&(%".
<
+'5+".0"5# %"0 "$&
#+#("!,"5+&"&#'"5!""5#7#"&"&(#+%,:$4#""5#&( +3!"&(!($ %7- "5#!77:&%!"&( &:#$*-+#'7($#("<6#("5#%#+"& &%!"# !((#A#$*-+#'7($#("<>&"55#+!77:&%!"&('5>&(4"5##A7#+&#(%# !'#'&$#("#$&%!:
&%#+%,:$("*#6#+& &#$!'"5#',77+"&(4+#%+$'
&(!::"5#5'7&"!:'>#+#("!6!&:!*:#&"5"5#! +#'!&$3!"#+&!:."5# 7#"&"&(#+#!+:&#+ &:#$E;C
&("5&'%,+".>5&%5>!'
$&'7'#$ ( E
>&"5 :&*#+"- " "5#7#"&"&(#+" &:#! +#'5 +#7+#'#("!"&(. &( 6&#> "5# 3!"#+&!: +#%#&6#$ &( +#'7('# " "5# !77:&%!"&( &:#$,($#+"5#%"5#!$$&"&(!:%37:!&("' &:#$>!'
+#=#%"#$6&$#%33,(&%!"&($!"#$C <
!($&33#$&!"#:-"5#+#!
"#+ 1#""#+ ("#(">!'&'',#$&( !6,+ +#'7($#("< (6&#> "5#!
+#'!&$ !%",!:3!"+&A.:#!+(#$%,('#: +"5# 7#"&"&(#+',*3&""#$"5!"(%#+#'7($#("<$&$("5!6#!(-#A7#+&#(%# >5!"'#6#+. !>!+$ < 3!+?' " 5#+ ( "5!" !%%,(" >#+# ""!::- ,(%!::#$ +#'7($#("<4"(:-(#3!+?!*6#"5#7#"&"&(#+&( ""!:.!''5#'#%,+#$ /< 3!+?'.>5#+#!'"5#7#"&"&(#+4" << 3!+?' ,+"5#+!>!+$ C3!+?' +*,'&(#''!*&:&"-F!%,3#(>!'!:'!+*&"+!+- + "5# +#!'( "5!" +#'7($#(" < 5!$ 3#+#:- 7!''#$ ," 5#+ 2
C #A!3&(!"&(.>5#+#!'"5#7#"&"&(#+5!$+&%5#A7#+&#(%# -#!+'&( 6!+&,' &#:$'&(%:,$&(4$#!:&(4>&"57#"+:#,37+$,%"' ( !%".&("5!"
%:,3(. +#'7($#(" < >!' 4&6#( (# 3!+? !*6# "5# 7#"&"&(#+. "5#+>&'#&(!::"5#+ &#:$'*"5'#%,+#$"5#'!3#(,3*#+">!' ,+"5#+ ',*3&""#$"5!""5##A7#+&#(%#+#@,&+#$>!' 3&(&3,3(#-#!+&(!(-
"5# &#:$'!($("""!: (#-#!+&(!:: &#:$'("5#%!'#&(5!($.
+#'7($#("<5!$""!:#A7#+&#(%# (#-#!+>+?&(4!'!(("#+(&( "5+##$&
#+#("5'7&"!:'.5#(%#."5#+>&'#(" ,:
&::&(4"5#%($&"&(':!&$ $>(&("5#!$6#+"&'#3#("'7#+"5#&( +3!"&(+#%#&6#$ +3#$&%!:
,(%&: ($&!.#$&%!:+!$,!"#%!(*#!77&("#$!'#$&%!:
&%#+ (:-!
"#+%37:#"&(4 5&' 2%,+'#!($ &("#+('5&7 (#-#!+&'
%37,:'+-"+!&(&(4.>5&%5&' 7!+" "5#%,++&%,:,3 2.>&"5,"
%37:#"&( >5&%5"5#$#4+##%!(("*#!>!+$#$ ( "5# "5#+ 5!($. :#!+(#$ %,('#: + "5# +7+!"&( ',*3&""#$ "5!" 3&(&3,3 #A7#+&#(%# (# -#!+. !' +#@,&+#$. &' ("
(#%#''!+&:-,($#+(#5#!$"%,:$*#,($#+$&
#+#("5#!$'"!: (# -#!+>!'+#@,&+#$"&'("&($&'7,"#"5!"+#'7($#("<5!$>+?#$!'! %"+&("5+##$&
#+#("5'7&"!:' +!7#+&$ (#-#!+6#("5#"+!&(&(4 !'("#+(>!'%('&$#+#$!'#A7#+&#(%#.#6#(& '5#5!$("*##(7!&$!(- +#3,(#+!"&($,+&(4"5!"7#+&$5#1#""#+ ("#(">!'&'',#$&( !6,+
+#'7($#("<(
D
5#$&'"+&*,"+'5&7&'7+#'#(":-7#+!"&(!: 5#7+#'#("7#"&"&( &:#$(#-#!+"5#+#!
"#+$#'#+6#'"*#$&'3&''#$( !%%,(" $#:!-!($:!%5#'5#!''#''3#(" 3!+?'*-"5#2#:#%"&( 33&""##%,:$("*#4(#&("*-"5&'%,+"1#!+(#$%,('#: ,+"5#+ +# #++#$ " "5# +#4&'"+!"&( %#+"& &%!"# 4+!("#$ " +#'7($#(" < *- #$&%!:,(%&: ($&!(
E 1#!+(#$ %,('#: + +#'7($#(" <. >5&:# !$7"&(4 "5# %("#("&('+!&'#$*-:#!+(#$%,('#: +"5#+7+!"&(.',*3&""#$"5!"
+#'7($#("<&'!>#::@,!:& &#$$%"+.>57!''#$,"5#+ +3 95!+?&62"!"##$&%!:(&6#+'&"-.?+!&(#5#+#>!'(+#@,&+#3#(""5!"
+#A7#+&#(%#.!7#+'('5,:$5!6#*##(7!&$'!:!+-!:'#'7($#(" <5!$>+?#$&("5+##$&
#+#("5'7&"!:'&($&
#+#("$#7!+"3#("'.>5&%5&'
7!+" "5##A7#+&#(%#5#""!: &'(#-#!+!($ '5#3##"' "5#*!'&%
; +#@,&+#3#("7+6&$#$ +&("5#!$6#+"&'#3#("25#5!$!:+#!$-&(6#'"#$ 5,4#3(#-5#%37!+!"&6#3#+&" "5#%!($&$!"#'%!(("*#4(#&(" *-"5&'%,+".5#(%#."5#7+#'#("7#"&"&($#'#+6#'"*#$&'3&''#$ (+#'7('#.:#!+(#$%,('#: +"5#7#"&"&(#+',*3&""#$"5!"
"5#+#>!'($#:!-&( &:&(4"5#7#"&"&(!'#!+:&#+"5#7#"&"&(#+!77+!%5#$ "5&'%,+"*- &:&(4E;C
.>5&%5>!'$&'7'#$ (
E
4&6&(4:&*#+"-""5#7#"&"&(#+" &:#',77:#3#("!+-%37:!&("
!($&33#$&!"#:-!
"#++#=#%"&( "5!"%37:!&("(C <
."5#7+#'#("
7#"&"&(>!' &:#$&(2#7"#3*#+.
.5#(%#."5#+#&'($#:!- #!+$:#!+(#$%,('#: +"5#7!+"&#'!($7#+,'#$"5#+# #++#$ $%,3#("'&("5#7!7#+*? 5#*+%5,+#&'',#$ +'#:#%"&( 1&'"+&*,"+'&(,(#.
E7+6&$#$ +(+3' +#6!:,!"&(4"5#%!($&$!"#'5#+#:#6!("7!+"' "5#+# !+##A"+!%"#$*#:>) G
!"#"$ %$& '"
"$
5#1$&'"+&*,"+>&::*#'#:#%"#$("5#*!'&' #6!:,!"&( !::
#:&4&*:#!77:&%!("'("5# ::>&(47!+!3#"#+') ! !7!*&:&"-"7+6&$#&( +!'"+,%",+# C<3!+?'
* !7!*&:&"-"7+6&$# &(!(%# C<3!+?' % $,%!"&(!:@,!:& &%!"&('
<3!+?' $ 4# ;3!+?' # A7#+&#(%# ;3!+?'
,'&(#''!*&:&"-F!%,3#( <3!+?' 4 #+'(!:&"- 3!+?' $ $"#" (( ) 5##6!:,!"&(("5#7!+!3#"#+' ! " $ !*6#>&::*#$(#("5# *!'&' $%,3#("'',*3&""#$>&"5"5#!77:&%!"&(5##6!:,!"&(( "5#7!+!3#"#+ # " 4 >&::*#$(#*!'#$("5#&("#+6&#> AAAAAA ; 6!:,!"&(*!'#$(&("#+6&#>
<
A7#+&#(%# &+#%"
2!:#F3# #:&6#+#$ 7+$,%"'
&(%:,$&(4 1 $&'"+&*,"+'5&7 + !+?'"*#!>!+$#$*!'#$ ( &( +3!"&( &( "5# !77:&%!"&( + #A7#+&#(%# +,((&(4+>+?&(4&(!( #'"!*:&'53#(" +3&(&3,3 (# -#!+ !+?' >&:: *# !>!+$#$ ( "5# @,!:&"- +!"5#+ "5!( !3,("
#A7#+&#(%# 5# @,!:&"-
#A7#+&#(%# >&:: *# =,$4#$ *!'#$("5#+#'7('#""5# @,#'"&('
+#:!"#$ " #A7#+&#(%# &( &+#%" 2!:#.
3# #:&6#+#$ +$,%"'.
+!$#
7#"+:#,3 7+$,%"'.5'7&"!:&"-F'#+6&%# &($,'"+- #"% *- "5# %!($&$!"#&("5#&("#+6&#> ;
C "5#+ #"+:#,3 7+$,%"'+ BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB (-"5#++!$# 2,*"!:!A&3,3 ;
!+?' ,'&(#''
!*&:&"-F !%,3#( ''#''3#(" >&:: *# $(# ( "5#
::>&(4) !+?' >&:: *# !>!+$#$ *!'#$ ( +#'7('# " '7#%& &% '&",!"&( +#:!"#$ @,#+&#'F@,#'"&(' ( "5#
::>&(4) B !(!4#3#("
7#7:# B!(!4#3#(" 7#7:# < B !(!4#3#("
&(!(%# B!(!4#3#(" &(!(%# B !(!4#3#("
3!"#+&!:
&( +!'"+,%",+# B!(!4#3#(" 3!"#+&!:
&( +!'"+,%",+# B+!$#+#:!"#$ B+!$#+#:!"#$ #+'(!:&"- ''#''3#(" ( "5#
::>&(4 7!+!3#"#+'
33,(&%!"&(F !+"&%,:!"&( '?&::' :&"#. 7+#'#("!*:# !($ >#:: 3!((#+#$ ("5,'&!'3F#(#+4#"&% 2#:
B%( &$#(%#F %(6&(%&(47>#+
''#''3#(" *!'#$ ( *'#+6!"&( !($ :#!$&(4 @,#'"&(' BBBBBBBB +!($"!:
AAAAAAH 5# :&'" #37!(#::#$ %!($&$!"#. !' >!' +#:#!'#$ *- "5# +7+!"&( (
.!'+#7+$,%#$&(((#A,+#B/.&'#A"+!%"#$ *#:>)
/
! "
# $
%
&
!+?'
<
C< < ;
< <
!3#
%!($&$!"# IAA IAA IAA IAA IA IAA IAA IAA IAA
!(= 9+,!
<
C< < ;
< << IA IA IAA IAA IAA IA IAA IAA IAA IAA ;
25&6!(& "+&
<
C< < ;
< ;
/< IA IAA IA IA AAA 7#+,'!: "5#!
+#'!&$"!*:#'5>'"5!""5#7#"&"&(#+!'
>#::!'+#'7($#("<>#+#!>!+$#$&$#("&%!:3!+?'(#6!:,!"&(
$%,3#("' 7+$,%#$ *- "5#3 !:(4 >&"5 "5# !77:&%!"&( &(!::-. +#'7($#("<4" /< 3!+?'!'!4!&('""5#7#"&"&(#+.>54" <<
3!+?'5#7#"&"&(#+5!'%5!::#(4#$!>!+$ 3!+?'"+#'7($#("<&( "5# %:,3( #A7#+&#(%#. *,'&(#'' !*&:&"-F!%,3#( ( "5# %:,3(
#A7#+&#(%#."5,45*"55!6#*##(!>!+$#$< 3!+?'.&("5#%:,3(
*,'&(#''!*&:&"-F!%,3#(."5#7#"&"&(#+5!'*##(!>!+$#$C3!+?'!'!4!&('" ;3!+?'!>!+$#$"+#'7($#("< ' 7#+ "5# %+&"#+&! :!&$ $>( + #6!:,!"&( 3!+?' + #A7#+&#(%#.3&(&3,3 (#-#!+0'#A7#+&#(%#>!'+#@,&+#$">!'(" %:!&3#$"5!"&">!'!%($&"&( +#:&4&*&:&"-5#(:-"5&(4>!'"5!""5# 3!+?'!>!+$#$ +#A7#+&#(%#>#+#"*#%,("#$">!+$'"5#""!:3!+?' *"!&(#$ +$#"#+3&(&(4&("#+B'#3#+&"("5#!77:&%!"&( &:#$*-"5# 7#"&"&(#+.5#%:!&3#$"5# ::>&(4#A7#+&#(%#) % !
#
$ % &+#%"+ 2!:#F 3# #:&6#+#$ 7+$,%"'
&(%:,$&(4 1 &'"+&*,"+'5&7 ,! &(!(%&#+' +7 2 > 5##:#+1!( E
< D-#!+'
;
< -#!+
E % !
#
$ % "5#+ 7#"+:#,3 7+$,%"'
!(!4#+ !& &::&(4 2"!"&( < E -#!+' C 3("5'
(-"5#+"+!$# '&(!(%&!:(',:"!("
21 2#7"
<6 -#!+ 3("5'
/ ("5#!77:&%!"&( &:#$*-+#'7($#("<.&("5#%:,3(
#A7#+&#(%#."5#&( +3!"&( ,+(&'5#$>!'!',($#+5#'!3#5!'*##( #A"+!%"#$ +3"5#+#%+$7+$,%#$*-"5#%,('#: +"5#+7+!"&(&( %,+") % ! $
#
% &+#%"
2!:#F 3# #:&6#+#$ 7+$,%"'
&(%:,$&(4 1 &'"+&*,"+'5&7 "5#+ 7#"+:#,3 7+$,%"'
(-"5#+"+!$# 2!
$!+=!(4'7&"!:
/ ;
;
E #'&$#("#$&%!:
&%#+ #>#:5& ,(&%&7!:+7 #:5& ;
;
E E-#!+
#!:"5#7"" #(#+!:'7&"!:.9!+(!:
E C
E 5#7#"&"&(#+5!'',45""%5!::#(4#"5#3!+?'!>!+$#$" +#'7($#("<&("5#%:,3( #A7#+&#(%#("5#4+,($"5!""5#7#+&$ $,+&(4>5&%5'5#%:!&3#$&(5#+!77:&%!"&("5!6#>+?#$!'#'&$#(" #$&%!:
&%#+>!'&( !%""5#7#+&$ 5#+&("#+('5&7$(#$,+&(4"5# %,+'# 5#+2'",$-1#!+(#$%,('#: +"5#7#"&"&(#++# #++#$" +#4&'"+!"&( %#+"& &%!"# +#'7($#(" < ((#A,+# BCE $!"#$
E>&"5#$&%!:,(%&: ($&!!'%"+# ,+"5#++# #++#$"
D "5#+#7:- ((#A,+#BC/ +#%#&6#$ +3#$&%!:,(%&: ($&!>&"5 +# #+#(%#""5#!77:&%!"&( &:#$,($#+"5#%".>5#+#"5#7#"&"&(#+ +!&'#$!@,#'"&(+#4!+$&(4$#'&4(!"&(!'!#$&%!:
&%#+!($+#7:- "5#+#"*-"5##$&%!:,(%&: ($&!5#+#:#6!("@,#'"&('!($"5# !('>#+'!+#+#7+$,%#$!',($#+) 5#"5#+!(-2#4+##5:$#+%!( $#'&4(!"# 5&3'#:
F5#+'#:
!' 1 7+&+"4#""&(45&3'#:
F5#+'#:
+#4&'"#+#$ >&"5 "5# #$&%!: ,(%&:
($&!
/.(:-!
"#+4#""&(4#+3!(#("
#4&'"+!"&( #+"& &%!"# +3 #$&%!:
,(%&: ($&! + !(- 2"!"# #$&%!:
,(%&:. ! 7#+'( %!( *# $#'&4(!"#$ !' #$&%!:
&%#+
2 +5>3,%57#+&$&'
+#@,&+#$"%37:#"#"5#%,+'# 2 #4+##
C "#+%37:#"&( 2%,+'#
+3!3#$&%!:%::#4#!($!
"#+4#""&(4 +6&'&(!: #4&'"+!"&( #+"& &%!"# +3 "5#+!(-2"!"##$&%!:,(%&:.!
%!($&$!"# 5!' " ,($#+4 (# -#!+
37,:'+- "!"+- ("#+('5&7 5# #$&%!:,(%&: "5#($&!,($#+:!,'#B ; &( &"' #4,:!"&(' (!3#:- G+!$,!"# #$&%!: $,%!"&( #4,:!"&( E
3#($#$ H. ,($#+ 5!7"#+B< 5!'
7+#'%+&*#$ "5# #4,:!"&(' ( &("#+('5&7. >5&%5 &' !:' !6!&:!*:#( "5# ,(%&:0' >#*'&"#>>>3%&&($&!+4 C 5!" &' "5# 3#!(&(4 "#+3 2!'7#+4,&$#:&(#' #$&%!:
,(%&: ($&!
;5!"&'"5#3#!(&(4 "#+32 1!'7#+"5#4,&$#:&(#'
#$&%!:,(%&: ($&! ;5#%". </!($"5##4,:!"&('
!+#'&:#(">&"5+#4!+$""5#"#+3#'&$#("
#$&%!:
&%#+ < 5!" &' "5# $&
#+#(%# *#">##( "5# 7#+'( >5 &' $&(4 &("#+('5&7 &( "5# 5'7&"!:'!($>5&'>+?&(4!'#'&$#("
#$&%!:
&%#+&("5#5'7&"!:
<7#+'(%!($&("#+('5&7(:-!
"#+ %37:#"&( 2 %,+'# >&"5 +6&'&(!:#4&'"+!"&(#+"& &%!"#*,""5# 2 $#4+## %!((" *# &'',#$ >&"5," %37:#"&( &("#+('5&7!($&"&'(#%#''!+- "5!"(#-#!+&("#+('5&7&(6!+&,'',*=#%"'
7+#'%+&*#$ ,($#+ +!$,!"# #$&%!:
$,%!"&( #4,:!"&(' E &' (#%#''!+- *,"!7#+'(%!(*#$#'&4(!"#$!'!#$&%!:
&%#+(:-!
"#+!%@,&+&(42$#4+## !($ ! #+3!(#(" #4&'"+!"&( #+"& &%!"#
+3 "5# 2"!"# #$&%!: ,(%&: "5# #$&%!:,(%&: ($&! /5#"5#+!12>5&'
$&(4&("#+('5&7&(5'7&"!:%!($#'&4(!"# 5&3'#:
F5#+'#:
!' 1 7+&+" 4#""&(45&3'#:
F5#+'#:
+#4&'"#+#$ >&"5"5##$&%!:,(%&: ($&!
7#+,'!: "5#!
+#'!&$!('>#+'4&6#(*-#$&%!:,(%&:
($&!.>5&%5&'!+#4,:!"+-*$- +3#$&%!:&('"&","&('&("5#%,("+-.
'5>'"5!"2%,+'#&'%37:#"#(:-!
"#+%37:#"&( (#-#!+ %37,:'+-&("#+('5&7"+!&(&(4"&'(:-"5#+#! "#+"5#$#4+## 2&'
7+6&$#$!($ ,+"5#+(:-!
"#+4#""&(47#+3!(#("+#4&'"+!"&( +3#$&%!:
,(%&: ($&!+!(-2"!"##$&%!:,(%&:.!7#+'(%!(*#$#'&4(!"#$ !'#$&%!:
&%#+ ("5#%!'#&(5!($."5,45+#'7($#("<3#("&(#$&(5#+ !77:&%!"&("5!"'5#>+?#$!'#'&$#("#$&%!:
&%#+&("5+##$&
#+#("
5'7&"!:':%!"#$!"#>#:5&!($9!+(!: +!7#+&$ (#-#!+.*,""5# %#+"& &%!"#' !((#A#$ >&"5 "5# !77:&%!"&( &( ',77+" "5#+# %:#!+:- 3#("&(#$"5!"'5#>+?#$!'!(,(7!&$&("#+(&("5+##$&
#+#("5'7&"!:'
+"5# ::>&(47#+&$) ' $
#
% ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 2!
$!+=!(4'7&"!:.#>#:5&
/ ;
;
E ,(&%&7!:+7 #:5&
;
;
E E(#-#!+ #(#+!:'7&"!:.9!+(!:
E C
E BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBH ">!'"5#+#!
"#+"5!"2$#4+##>!'!>!+$#$"+#'7($#(" <!($'5#4"7#+3!(#("+#4&'"+!"&(!'!$%"+.5#(%#."%:!&3"5!" +#'7($#("<5!$"5##A7#+&#(%# (#-#!+!'#'&$#("#$&%!:
&%#+ &' (" *+(# ," +3 "5# +#%+$ 5# !%"' 3#("&(#$ &( "5# !77:&%!"&(!+#("',77+"#$*-"5#%("#("' "5#%#+"& &%!"#'!""!%5#$ 5#%("#("&( :#!+(#$%,('#: +"5#+7+!"&("5!"#6#( "5#7#+&$'7#("*-+#'7($#("<!'!(&("#+(.3!-*#$,+&(4"5#%,+'# 5#+'",$-!'7!+" "5#'",$-.&'!:'%,("#$!'#A7#+&#(%#&'3#+#:-" *#("&%#$!($+#=#%"#$5#(:-&(#'%!7!*:#%(%:,'&( +3"5# !%"'.!'
("&%#$!*6#.&'"5!""5#!>!+$ <3!+?'"+#'7($#("<("5# 4+,($"5!"'5#5!$(#-#!+0'#A7#+&#(%#%,:$("5!6#*##(!>!+$#$&( "#+3' "5#%+&"#+&!:!&$$>(2"&:: ,+"5#+.+#'7($#("<.>55!$ 3#+#:-(#-#!+0'#A7#+&#(%#!($!'!4!&('""5!""5#7#"&"&(#+.>55!$
3+##A7#+&#(%#"5!(+#'7($#("<.!'5!'!:+#!$-*##(("&%#$!*6#. &(%:,$&(43+#"5!(">-#!+'0#A7#+&#(%#&(7#"+:#,37+$,%"'.>!'!:' !>!+$#$"5#'!3#3!+?'.'5>'!+*&"+!+&(#''&(!>!+$&(4"5#3!+?'5# 7#"&"&(#+5!$#A7#+&#(%#&(!::"5+##%:,3('5#3!A&3,33!+?'.>5&%5 %,:$*#!>!+$#$ +#A7#+&#(%#>#+#;3!+?' #'&$#'"5&'.#6#(&("5#%:,3( *,'&(#''!*&:&"-F!%,3#(.
>5#+#%#+"!&(7!+!3#"#+'5!6#*##(:!&$$>( +#6!:,!"&(."5#7#"&"&(#+.
>55!$#A7#+&#(%#&($&
#+#(""-7#' *,'&(#''&(%:,$&(4$#!:&(4&( 7#"+:#,37+$,%"'>!'!>!+$#$3#+#:-C3!+?'," ""!:<3!+?'.
>5#+#!'+#'7($#("<.>5>!'5!6&(4(#A7#+&#(%#!''5#5!$3#+#:- %37:#"#$ 5#+ '",$&#' *# +# "5# :!'" $!"# &A#$ + ',*3&''&(
!77:&%!"&(.>!'!>!+$#$;3!+?' 5,45"5#%,+"'(+3!::-$(" &("#+ #+#&("5#!>!+$ 3!+?'*-"5#("#+6&#>33&""##.*,"& "5#'!3# &'!+*&"+!+-("5# !%# &".& %('&$#+#$&("5#:&45" 7!+!3#"#+':!&$ $>(&("5#%+&"#+&!.&"%!(("'5,"&"'#-#'.!'=,$&%&!:+#6&#>&'3#!(" + "5&'7,+7'# +"5#+#!'('3#("&(#$!*6#.&(3-7&(&(."5#3#+&":&'". !' 7+#7!+#$ *-"5# +7+!"&( !
"#+ $#"#+3&(&(4 &("#+B'#3#+&" "5# %!($&$!"#' +!::"3#(" 1$&'"+&*,"+'5&7'3!%?' !+*&"+!+-3&','# 7>#+*-!>!+$&(43!+?'.5#(%#."5#'!3#$#'#+6#'"*#'#"!'&$# ('#@,#(":-. !::"3#(" 1 $&'"+&*,"+'5&7 " +#'7($#(" < $#'#+6#'"*#%!(%#::#$ +$#+#$!%%+$&(4:- %%+$&(4:-."5#>+&"7#"&"&(&'!::>#$
!=#'5&($!:
,$4# #*+,!+- .
/ 3?