Shobha v. State Of Punjab And Others
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& !* < "By way of filing this petition, petitioner seeks issuance of a direction to respondent No.1 to handover investigation in any matter registered against the petitioner to Central Bureau of Investigation or to any other independent agency outside the State of Punjab. Another prayer has been made for issuance of a direction to respondent No.1 to keep any proposal for arresting the petitioner, in any criminal matter in abeyance for a specific period so as to enable the petitioner to seek his legal remedies.
The petitioner is a retired IPS Officer, who had remained Inspector General of Police, Intelligence, Punjab in the year 2002 and thereafter headed the State Vigilance Bureau, Punjab, from 2007 to 2012 and was Director General of Police, Punjab from the year 2012 to 2015 and ultimately superannuated on June 30, 2018. Learned counsel for petitioner has submitted that during the period he headed the State Vigilance Bureau and remained Director General of Police, Punjab, he incurred the wrath of the present ruling party including the present Chief Minister as he unearthed various scams and scandals wherein the following FIRs had been lodged, in which present Chief Minister was also named as an accused:
(i) FIR No.5 dated 23.3.2007 under Sections 409, 420, 467, 468, 471, 120B IPC and Sections 13(1)(c)(d) read with Section 7, 13(2), 14 of thePrevention of Corruption Act, 1988, Police Station Vigilance Bureau, Ludhiana.
(ii) FIR No.3 dated 11.9.2008, under Sections 420, 467, 468, 471, 193, 120B IPC and Section 7, 8, 13(1)(c)(d) read with Section 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, Police Station Vigilance Bureau, Flying SquadI, Mohali.
(iii) FIR No.28 dated 20.6.2008, under Sections 7,
0 8, 9 13(1)(d)(e), 14 read with Section 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 and 120B IPC, Police Station Vigilance Bureau, Patiala.
(iv) FIR No.2 dated 11.2.2009, under Sections 406, 420, 421, 120B IPC and Sections 7, 13(1)(c) (d) read with Section 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, Police Station Vigilance Bureau, PhaseI, Mohali.
The learned counsel has submitted that he did not succumb to the pressure mounted upon the petitioner to scuttle the investigation of the said cases in which the present Chief Minister and his coterie were arrayed as accused and as such the petitioner is being perceived as an enemy of the present ruling party and now in order to wreak vengeance, the ruling party is bent upon involving the petitioner in criminal cases including the Kotkapura sacrilege case and also in a case where one Aman Skoda was arrested in Moga and in other false cases including cases in which he had taken action as a part of his official duty.
Notice of motion to State of Punjab for 28.11.2018. At this stage Mr.Atul Nanda, Advocate General, Punjab assisted by Ms.DiyaSodhi, Assistant Advocate General, Punjab put inappearance and has submitted that he may be heard before passing any interim directions. I have heard the learned Advocate General, Punjab. Learned Advocate General, Punjab has submitted that since it is a case where the petitioner is seeking blanket bail, the same has not only been deprecated by the Hon'ble Supreme Court but cannot be granted under any circumstances. Learned State counsel in order to hammer forth his aforesaid submission places reliance upon a judgment of Hon'ble Supreme Court rendered in State of Telangana Vs. Habib Abdullah Jeelani and others (2017) 2 SCC 779 wherein it has been held that the High Court in exercise of powers under Section 482 Cr.P.
C. cannot restrain an investigating agency from arresting the accused during course of investigation. Learned Advocate General, Punjab also places reliance upon another judgment to a similar effect reported as Nazma Vs. Javed @ Anjum (2013) 1 SCC 376. The learned Advocate General, Punjab also presses into service Gurbaksh Singh Sibbia and others Vs. State of Punjab (1980) 2 SCC 565 to contend that neither Section 438 Cr.P.C. nor any provision of the code authorizes grant of blanket bail for offence not yet committed or with regard to accusation not so far leveled.
1 I have perused the above cited judgments.
There is certainly no dispute as regards the proposition of law laid down in the above cited judgments. This Court does not intend to grant absolute anticipatory bail to the petitioner, at this stage. Since it is a case which has a political colour also to it and instances of FIRs being lodged due to political vendetta are not unknown, therefore, in view of the special circumstances, this Court deems appropriate to direct that till the next dateof hearing, in case the petitioner is sought to be arrested in Kotkapura sacrilege case or in case involving Aman Skoda of Moga or in any case pertaining to an incident of the period while the petitioner remained as State Vigilance Head or Inspector General of Police, Intelligence, Punjab or Director General of Police Punjab, then one week's advance notice shall be afforded to the petitioner before effecting his arrest so as to enable him to have recourse to remedies available to him.
A status report/reply be filed on or before the next date of hearing."
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!* < "Till then the protection of order dated 11.10.2018 passed by this Court is extended to any incident pertaining to the entire service career of the applicant/petitioner except the incident subject matter of case FIR No.77 dated 06.05.2020 registered under Sections 364, 201, 344, 330, 219, 120B of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 at Police Station City Mataur, District S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali) to which Section 302 of the IPC was added lateron regarding which SLP No.4336 of 2020 titled Sumedh Singh Saini Vs. State of Punjab is pending before Hon'ble Supreme Court. In case the applicant/petitioner is sought to be arrested in any case pertaining to any incident during entire service of the petitioner, other than the incident subject matter of abovesaid FIR No.77 dated 06.05.2020, then one week's advance notice shall be given to the petitioner before effecting his arrest so as to enable him to have recourse to remedies available to him in accordance with law." 23 '!!$ $!
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/ #(!! ?:C& *(,;*& !* < "36. We have said that there is one proposition
formulated by the High Court with which we are inclined to agree. That is proposition No.(2). We agree that &' & , 1' - . 1 '
this flows from the very language of the section which, as discussed above, requires the applicant to show that he has "reason to believe" that he may be arrested. A belief can be said to be founded on reasonable grounds only if there is something tangible to go by on the basis of which it can be said that the applicant's apprehension that he may be arrested is genuine......." (emphasis supplied) 24
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!* < "That respondent State is now making efforts to implicate petitioner in more cases. Sh. Surinderjit Sigh Jaspal, who is landlord of the petitioner was arrayed as an accused by the respondent State in FIR No.11 dated 17.09.2020 registered u/ss 7A, 7B, 7C, 13(1)(a) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 and Sections 409, 420, 467, 468, 471 and 120B of the Indian
Penal Code, 1860. He was granted interim anticipatory bail by this Hon'ble Court in CRMM8839 of 2021 vide order dated 24.02.2021. A copy of the order is appended as ">- ;. He was being threatened by the officers of respondent No.1 with false implication in other cases and he had to file a petition for protection in this Hon'ble Court, wherein he categorically stated that he was being threatened by officers of Punjab Police to give statements and provide material against the petitioner to the effect that the house owned by him has been purchased out of tainted money allegedly belonging to the petitioner. The said petition has been registered as CRMM10464 of 2021."
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!* < "The case has been taken up for hearing through video conferencing.
(;!$; Prayer in the application filed under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 is for extending the protection granted by this Court vide order dated 11.10.2018 to any incident in which the applicant petitioner is sought to be arrayed as an accused by respondent No. 1.
Advance copy of the application was supplied to the respondents.
Learned Counsel for respondent No. 1State seeks time to file reply to the application.
Adjourned to 06.04.2021.
(;(;% %;!6?(
The petitioner has filed the present petition under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 seeking direction to respondent No. 1 for transfer of investigation of cases registered against the petitioner to CBI or any other independent agency outside the State of Punjab and giving notice of specified period before his arrest. The prayer for the above said reliefs is based on the grounds of mala fides on the part of Mr. Amrinder Singh, Chief Minister, Punjab and members of ruling party and apprehension of false implication and arrest of the petitioner on accusation of having committed non bailable offence by the Punjab Police on the basis of some tainted investigation.
In view of the facts and circumstances of the case, I consider it necessary for just and proper decision of the present petition that copies of the FIRs registered against Mr.Parkash Singh Badal, former Chief Minister, Punjab
and Mr.Amrinder Singh, Chief Minister, Punjab and their associates, present status of the cases, copies of orders passed by this Court on petitions filed by the accused named in those cases seeking relief of directing respondent No. 1 to give advance notice prior to their arrest, orders passed by Hon'ble Supreme Court on SLPs filed against the same, brief statement of proceedings regarding arrest and bail and final orders passed in such cases be placed on record. Accordingly, the respondent No. 1 is directed/the parties are given opportunity to place on record copies of the relevant documents as referred above.
Since the petitioner is seeking transfer of investigation of cases registered against him, respondent No. 1 State of Punjab is also directed to file an affidavit of the concerned officer giving details of the cases in which investigation regarding involvement of the petitioner is pending.
Case is adjourned to 06.04.2021.
Interim order to continue.
To be shown in the -.
on that date."
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!* < "24. Heard learned senior counsel(s) for the parties at length and perused the pleadings. It would not be appropriate at this stage to deal with the contentions raised by learned senior counsel for the petitioner of political vendetta and that the petitioner was granted protection in all other FIRs. The prayer for anticipatory bail is to be considered on the facts of each case. It is not a disputed fact that vigilance enquiry was initiated against A1 for having disproportionate assets to his known sources of income. During enquiry, the rent agreement and agreement to sell of House No. 3048, Sector 20D, Chandigarh surfaced. The nomination of the petitioner in the FIR is on the basis of two agreements and transactions between the petitioner and A2. The transactions making foundation for naming the petitioner in the FIR are through banking channel. There is an attempt by the petitioner to explain the sources of payments made to A2. There is an explanation put forth for receiving back amount of Rs.75,00,000/ by the petitioner from the seller.
0 At this stage, this court exercises restraint for going any further into the said factual aspect.
25. Learned senior counsel for the State raised a doubt with regard to genuineness of the agreement to sell and that there was a violation of the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961 by not deducting TDS while making payment of monthly rent. These issues including the factual aspect of exact amount received from the builder for the property at Delhi would be subjectmatter during the trial. The veracity of the explanation of the petitioner for making advance payment of security before the date of agreement to sell would be tested in trial.
26. Taking conceptuous of the facts and circumstances, antecedents of the petitioner and that he is having Zplus protection meaning thereby remains in a security cover, there is no chance of his absconding. Though there is an apprehension raised that the petitioner was ploughing back the black money but the allegations are based upon documentary evidence and the banking transactions. For joining loose ends, if any with regard to the documentary evidence or banking transactions, this court is of the opinion that custodial interrogation of the petitioner is not required. The petitioner is granted interim bail subject to his joining investigation within one week from today. In the event of arrest, he shall be released on bail subject to his furnishing adequate bail bonds to the satisfaction of the Investigating Officer. He is directed to join the investigation as and when called for. He shall abide by the conditions as envisaged under Section 438(2) Cr.P.C. To ensure that the petitioner is not able to leave the country, he will surrender his passport if not already surrendered.
27. Put up on 7.10.2021.
28.Before the next date, the State shall file status report."
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1 "That the former private secretary of the petitioner was summoned through a notice under section 160 of the Cr.P.C. by the Deputy Superintendent of Police, Vigilance Bureau, SAS Nagar vide notice dated 841/VB/EOW dated 05.08.2021. A true copy of the said notice is annexed herewith as ">-;. It appears that the officials of respondent No.1 are again attempting to implicate the petitioner in some other criminal case, only with a view to circumventing the orders passed by this Hon'ble Court." (emphasis supplied) ?= ! (+'$!& <!# !(( # !#"!*(( #
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4B:=!* < "57 While considering an application for the grant of bail under Article 226 in a suitable case, the High Court must consider the settled factors which emerge from the precedents of this Court. These factors can be summarized as follows:
(i) The nature of the alleged offence, the nature of the accusation and the severity of the punishment in the case of a conviction;
(ii) Whether there exists a reasonable apprehension of
/ the accused tampering with the witnesses or being a threat to the complainant or the witnesses;
(iii) The possibility of securing the presence of the accused at the trial or the likelihood of the accused fleeing from justice;
(iv) The antecedents of and circumstances which are peculiar to the accused;
(v) Whether prima facie the ingredients of the offence are made out, on the basis of the allegations as they stand, in the FIR; and (vi) The significant interests of the public or the State and other similar considerations.
These principles have evolved over a period of time and emanate from the following (among other) decisions:
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These principles are equally applicable to the exercise of jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution when the court is called upon to secure the liberty of the accused. The High Court must exercise its power with caution and circumspection, cognizant of the fact that this jurisdiction is not a ready substitute for recourse to the remedy of bail under Section 439 of the CrPC. In the backdrop of these principles, it has become necessary to scrutinize the contents of the FIR in the case at hand. In this batch of cases, a prima facie evaluation of the FIR does not establish the ingredients of the offence of abetment of suicide under Section 306 of the IPC. The appellants are residents of India and do not pose a flight risk during the investigation or the trial. There is no apprehension of tampering of evidence or witnesses.
Taking these factors into consideration, the order dated 11 November 2020 envisaged the release of the appellants on bail 9- '1 - Human liberty is a precious constitutional value, which is undoubtedly subject to regulation by validly enacted legislation. As such, the citizen is subject to the edicts of criminal law and procedure. Section 482 recognizes the inherent power of the High Court to make such orders as are necessary to give effect to the provisions of the CrPC ―or prevent abuse of the process ‖ of any Court or otherwise to secure the ends of justice .
/ exercising the jurisdiction entrusted to them under Section 482, to act with circumspection. In emphasising that the High Court must exercise this power with a sense of restraint, the decisions of this Court are founded on the basic principle that the due enforcement of criminal law should not be obstructed by the accused taking recourse to artifices and strategies. The public interest in ensuring the due investigation of crime is protected by ensuring that the inherent power of the High Court is exercised with caution. That indeed is one - and a significant end of the spectrum. The other end of the spectrum is equally important: the recognition by Section 482 of the power inhering in the High Court to prevent the abuse of process or to secure the ends of justice is a valuable safeguard for protecting liberty.
The Code of Criminal Procedure of 1898 was enacted by a legislature which was not subject to constitutional rights and limitations; yet it recognized the inherent power in Section 561A. PostIndependence, the recognition by Parliament37 of the inherent power of the High Court must be construed as an aid to preserve the constitutional value of liberty. The writ of liberty runs through the fabric of the Constitution. The need to ensure the fair investigation of crime is undoubtedly important in itself, because it protects at one level the rights of the victim and, at a more fundamental level, the societal interest in ensuring that crime is investigated and dealt with in accordance with law. On the other hand, the misuse of the criminal law is a matter of which the High Court and the lower Courts in this country must be alive.
In the present case, the High Court could not but have been cognizant of the specific ground which was raised before it by the appellant that he was being made a target as a part of a series of occurrences which have been taking place since April 2020. The specific case of the appellant is that he has been targeted because his opinions on his television channel are unpalatable to authority. Whether the appellant has established a case for quashing the FIR is something on which the High Court will take a final view when the proceedings are listed before it but we are clearly of the view that in failing to make even a prima facie evaluation of the FIR, the High Court abdicated its constitutional duty and function as a protector of liberty.
Courts must be alive to the need to safeguard the public interest in ensuring that the due enforcement of criminal law is not obstructed. The fair investigation of crime is an aid to it.
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