Sukhbir And ORS v. State Of Haryana And Others
[1]
IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA
AT CHANDIGARH RFA No. 1336 of 2022 (O&M) alongwith "07" connected cases* Reserved On: 23.11.2023 Date of Decision: 29.11.2023 Sukhbir and others ...Appellants
Versus
State of Haryana and others
...Respondents
CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE HARKESH MANUJA
Present:
Mr. Ram Avtar Sheoran, Advocate for the appellants-landowners (in all cases). Mr. Arun Beniwal, Sr. Deputy Advocate General, Haryana **** HARKESH MANUJA, J.
This order shall dispose of a batch of *08 number of appeals (detail whereof is on the foot of the judgment), filed under Section 64 of The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (for short, "the 2013 Act"), as the same arise out of common acquisition / award dated 22.04.2022 passed by learned Additional District Judge, Charkhi Dadri (hereinafter to be referred as "Reference Court"), whereby the market value of acquired land in question has been assessed at the rate of 24,25,000/- per acre. [2] All the appeals have been instituted by the appellantslandowners for modification of the award dated 22.04.2022 passed by
[2]
the Reference Court and seeking further enhancement of compensation for the acquired land. For the sake of convenience, facts are being culled out from RFA No. 1336 of 2022. FACTS [3] Briefly, the facts are that in pursuance of Haryana Govt. Notification under Section 4 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (for short 'the Act') issued on 01.10.2013, followed by Notification dated 01.08.2014 under Section 6 thereof, land measuring 30.68 acres, including the land of appellants, situated in the revenue estate of Village Charkhi, Hadbast No. 143, Tehsil Dadri, District Bhiwani (now Charkhi-Dadri), was acquired. The public purpose for acquisition of land was stated to be for construction of Water Works, Charkhi-Dadri in Village Charkhi, Tehsil Dadri, District Bhiwani. The Land Acquisition Collector, Hisar (hereinafter to be referred as "the Collector"), vide Award No. 2, dated 29.07.2016, assessed the market value of acquired land @ 24,00,000/- per acre for all kinds of land.
[4] Dissatisfied with the aforesaid Award, landowners / interested persons, including the appellants, filed references under Section 64 of the 2013 Act, which were decided vide award dated 22.04.2022 by the Reference Court and while applying the multiplier factor of one (01), the market value of acquired land was assessed @ 24.25 lacs per acre. Apart from that, the appellants-landowners were held entitled to an amount of 4,00,000/- per acre for the acquired land to the depth of two acres on National Highway; 2,50,000/- upto the similar depth on State Highway and 1,50,000/-
[3]
upto the similar depth on link road, besides holding them entitled for an additional amount of 50,000/- per acre in case their land was bifurcated.
CONTENTIONS:
ON BEHALF OF APPELLANTS - LANDOWNERS [5] Learned counsel for the appellants-landowners submits that the Reference Court went wrong, while discarding various sale deed(s) produced by the landowners. He points out that though the remaining sale deeds, besides the sale deeds Exhibits PW-11/T & PW-11/V, were relating to small pieces of land; yet those pertaining to higher sale consideration, should have been taken into consideration by applying appropriate cut thereupon in terms of Section 26 of the 2013 Act. Comparative chart of the sale deeds produced on behalf of landowners-appellants are reproduced hereunder:- TABLE - 1 Sr.
No.
Exhibit Sale Deed No. / Dated Land Sold Revenue Estate Sale consideration (in ) Rate per Acre (in ) ( i.e. Rate per Sq.
Yd. x 4840 Sq. Yd.) 1.
PW-11/A 1288 / 12.06.2012 584 sq.
yds.
Rater per square yard (in ) Charkhi 11,68,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 2.
PW-11/B 1787 / 05.07.2012 9.5 M (287.37 sq. yds.) Charkhi 6,00,000/- 2088/- 1,01,05,920.00 3.
PW-11/C 2600 / 17.08.2012 500 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 10,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 4.
PW-11/D 2558 / 16.08.2012 270 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 5,40,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 5.
PW-11/E 1892 / 11.07.2012 385 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 8,55,000/- 2221/- 1,07,49,640.00 6.
PW-11/F 3651 / 05.10.2012 245 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 4,90,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 7.
PW-11/G 2387 / 08.08.2012 300 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 6,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 8.
PW-11/H 6465 / 12.10.2011 636 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 9,54,000/- 1500/- 72,60,000.00 9.
PW-11/I 1218 / 08.06.2012 500 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 10,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00
[4]
10.
PW-11/J 4927 / 14.12.2012 830 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 16,60,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 11.
PW-11/K 4234 / 05.11.2012 300 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 6,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 12.
PW-11/L 3971 / 19.10.2012 145 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 2,90,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 13.
PW-11/M 2820 / 17.09.2013 200 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 4,40,000/- 2200/- 1,06,48,000.00 14.
PW-11/N 1542 / 28.06.2013 1 Acre, 4K-1M (7290.2 5 sq.
yds.) Charkhi 45,00,000/- 617/- 29,86,280.00 15.
PW-11/O 3100 / 03.10.2013 272 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 5,98,500/- 2200/- 1,06,48,000.00 16.
PW-11/P 3101 / 03.10.2013 500 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 11,00,000/- 2200/- 1,06,48,000.00 17.
PW-11/Q 5695 / 21.01.2013 400 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 8,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 18.
PW-11/R 5717 / 22.01.2013 500 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 10,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 19.
PW-11/S 935 / 25.05.2012 500 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 10,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 20.
PW-11/T 894 / 23.05.2012 4K3.3M (2520 sq. yds.) Charkhi 14,37,500/- 570/- 27,58,800.00 21.
PW-11/U 994 / 29.05.2012 150 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 3,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 22.
PW-11/V 1941 / 13.07.2012 4K-7M (2631.7 5 sq.
yds.) Charkhi 11,42,000/- 434/- 21,00,560.00 23.
PW-11/W 8843 / 17.02.2012 500 sq.
yds.
Dadri 11,00,000/- 2200/- 1,06,48,000.00 24.
PW-11/X 778 / 18.05.2012 154 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 3,08,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 25.
PW-11/Y 1512 / 21.06.2012 150 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 3,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 26.
PW-11/Z 1266 / 11.06.2012 212 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 4,24,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 [5.1] Learned counsel further submits that since the revenue estate of Village Charkhi and the Dadri Town are abutting each other, compensation should have been assessed by taking into consideration the Collector's rate pertaining to Dadri. [5.2] Lastly, it is submitted that in terms of Notification dated 23.01.2018 issued by the State of Haryana in exercise of powers conferred under Column-3 of Serial Number 2 of the First Schedule
[5]
read with sub-Section (2) of Section 30 of the 2013 Act, the multiplier factor should have been taken as 1.25, inasmuch as the acquired land being situated in the revenue estate of Charkhi, was abutting Dadri and the distance was less than 10 kms.
[6] No other point has been raised.
ON BEHALF OF STATE [7] On the other hand, learned State Counsel submits that six (06) sale deeds have been produced in the evidence from the side of respondents, as per which, the market value of the land falls between 20-23 lacs per acre; however, the appellants-landowners have already been awarded a sum of 24.25 lacs per acre; thus, award passed by the Reference Court warrants no interference. [7.1] Learned State Counsel further submits that the multiplication factor of one (01) has rightly been applied by the Reference Court, as at the time of passing the award by the Collector on 29.07.2016, the earlier notification issued by the Revenue and Disaster Management Department, Haryana, published on 04.12.2014 under the 2013 Act, was applicable; whereas the notification issued under First Schedule on 23.01.2018 by the aforesaid Department, relied upon by learned counsel for the appellants-landowners, came into existence much after the passing of the said award and thus, the same could not be made applicable in the present case(s).
DISCUSSION & REASONING [8] I have heard learned counsel for the parties and gone through the paper-book as well as records of the case. I find
[6]
substance in the submissions made on behalf of learned counsel for the appellants-landowners.
LOCATIONAL & POTENTIAL VALUE [9] From the oral as well as documentary evidence available on record, It has been sufficiently established that the acquired land situated within the revenue estate of Village Charkhi was having locational advantage and also great potential value being situated on the main Bhiwani - Narnaul State Highway, and the revenue estate of Village Charkhi abutting Municipal limits of Dadri Town. Further, the existence of various commercial buildings, including Power House, schools, hotels and shops, situated within the close vicinity of acquired land, was admitted by the own witness of respondent being RW1-Ajay Pal, Patwari, from the Office of Land Acquisition Collector, Urban Estate Department, Hisar, Haryana. Relevant portion from the cross-examination of RW1, in this regard is reproduced hereunder:- "
.....................Boundary of Village Charkhi and City Charkhi Dadri touches each other. Kind of land of Village Charkhi and City of Ch. Dadri is same. It is also correct that Village Charkhi falls in urban limit of City Dadri. I do not know the distance between City Dadri M.C. boundary and land acquired vide present award. It is wrong to say that acquired land about only 100 meters from M.C. limit of Ch. Dadri. It is correct that land acquired falls near to N.H. 148B passing through Dadri to Bhiwani. The acquired land is 11⁄2 acres away from N.H. 148B. Residential area of Village Charkhi is 5-6 acres from acquired land.
There are commercial establishments also 5-6 acres from this acquired land. Main Power House of city Ch. Dadri having residential flats also falls 6-7 acres away from acquired lands. There are schools, hotel, shops near by the land under acquisition are exist. "
[7]
Moreover, from large number of sale deeds pertaining to small plots/shops produced on record by the appellants-landowners in the shape of Exhibits PW-11/A to PW-11/Z relating to the revenue estate of Village Charkhi also makes it evident that land under acquisition was having commercial value with scope of further expansion.
DETERMINATION OF MARKET VALUE [10] Before delving upon the issue of determination of market value, it may be relevant to consider and appreciate certain provisions from the 2013 Act, which govern the proceedings in the present case as award was passed by the Collector on 29.07.2016, i.e post coming into being of the 2013 Act. As such, Sections 24, 26 & 69 thereof are reproduced hereunder:- " 24. Land acquisition process under Act No. 1 of 1894 shall be deemed to have lapsed in certain cases.-
(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, in any case of land acquisition proceedings initiated under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894,- (a) where no award under section 11 of the said Land Acquisition Act has been made, then, all provisions of this Act relating to the determination of compensation shall apply; or (b) where an award under said section 11 has been made, then such proceedings shall continue under the provisions of the said Land Acquisition Act, as if the said Act has not been repealed. Explanation - For the purpose of this sub-section, a land acquisition proceeding shall be deemed to have been initiated under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (Central Act 1 of 1894) where notification under section 4 of the said Act has been published in any form under sub-section (1) of the said section.
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(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in subsection (1), in case of land acquisition proceedings initiated under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (1 of 1894), where an award under the said section 11 has been made five years or more prior to the commencement of this Act but the possession of the land has not been taken and the compensation has not been paid the said proceedings shall be deemed to have lapsed and the appropriate Government, if it so chooses, shall initiate the proceedings of such land acquisition afresh in accordance with the provisions of this Act: Provided that where an award has been made and compensation in respect of a majority of land holdings has not been deposited in the account of the beneficiaries, then, all beneficiaries specified in the notification for acquisition under section 4 of the said Land Acquisition Act, shall be entitled to compensation in accordance with the provisions of this Act.
Provided further that in computing the period referred to in this sub-section, any period during which the proceedings for acquisition of the land were held up on account of any stay or injunction issued by order of any court, shall be excluded:
Provided further that the entry in rapat roznamcha regarding taking or handing over possession recorded by the Land Acquisition Officer or Revenue Official shall be treated as possession taken for all intents and purposes. 26.
Determination of market value of land by Collector-
(1) The Collector shall adopt the following criteria in assessing and determining the market value of the land, namely:- (a) the market value, if any, specified in the Indian Stamp Act, 1899 (2 of 1899) for the registration of sale deeds or agreements to sell, as the case may be, in the area, where the land is situated; or (b) the average sale price for similar type of land situated in the nearest village or nearest vicinity area; or (c) consented amount of compensation as agreed upon under sub-section (2) of section 2 in case of
[9]
acquisition of lands for private companies or for public private partnership projects, whichever is higher:
Provided that the date for determination of market value shall be the date on which the notification has been issued under section 11.
Explanation 1.-The average sale price referred to in clause (b) shall be determined taking into account the sale deeds or the agreements to sell registered for similar type of area in the near village or near vicinity area during immediately preceding three years of the year in which such acquisition of land is proposed to be made.
Explanation 2.-For determining the average sale price referred to in Explanation 1, one-half of the total number of sale deeds or the agreements to sell in which the highest sale price has been mentioned shall be taken into account.
Explanation 3.-While determining the market value under this section and the average sale price referred to in Explanation 1 or Explanation 2, any price paid as compensation for land acquired under the provisions of this Act on an earlier occasion in the district shall not be taken into consideration.
Explanation 4.-While determining the market value under this section and the average sale price referred to in Explanation 1 or Explanation 2, any price paid, which in the opinion of the Collector is not indicative of actual prevailing market value may be discounted for the purposes of calculating market value.
(2) The market value calculated as per sub-section
(1) shall be multiplied by a factor to be specified in the First Schedule.
(3) Where the market value under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) cannot be determined for the reason that- (a) the land is situated in such area where the transactions in land are restricted by or under any
[10]
other law for the time being in force in that area; or (b) the registered sale deeds or agreements to sell as mentioned in clause (a) of sub-section
(1) for similar land are not available for the immediately preceding three years; or (c) the market value has not been specified under the Indian Stamp Act, 1899 (2 of 1899) by the appropriate authority, the State Government concerned shall specify the floor price or minimum price per unit area of the said land based on the price calculated in the manner specified in sub-section (1) in respect of similar types of land situated in the immediate adjoining areas:
Provided that in a case where the Requiring Body offers its shares to the owners of the lands (whose lands have been acquired) as a part compensation, for acquisition of land, such shares in no case shall exceed twenty-five per cent, of the value so calculated under sub-section
(1) or sub-section (2) or sub-section (3) as the case may be:
Provided further that the Requiring Body shall in no case compel any owner of the land (whose land has been acquired) to take its shares, the value of which is deductible in the value of the land calculated under sub-section (1):
Provided also that the Collector shall, before initiation of any land acquisition proceedings in any area, take all necessary steps to revise and update the market value of the land on the basis of the prevalent market rate in that area:
Provided also that the appropriate Government shall ensure that the market value determined for acquisition of any land or property of an educational institution established and administered by a religious or linguistic minority shall be such as would not restrict or abrogate the
[11]
right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.
69. Determination of award by authority.- (1) In determining the amount of compensation to be awarded for land acquired including the Rehabilitation and Resettlement entitlements, the Authority shall take into consideration whether the Collector has followed the parameters set out under section 26 to section 30 and the provisions under Chapter V of this Act.
(2) In addition to the market value of the land, as above provided, the Authority shall in every case award an amount calculated at the rate of twelve per cent per annum on such market value for the period commencing on and from the date of the publication of the preliminary notification under section 11 in respect of such land to the date of the award of the Collector or the date of taking possession of the land, whichever is earlier.
Explanation.-In computing the period referred to in this sub-section, any period or periods during which the proceedings for the acquisition of the land were held up on account of any stay or injunction by the order of any Court shall be excluded.
(3) In addition to the market value of the land as above provided, the Authority shall in every case award a solatium of one hundred per cent over the total compensation amount. "
From a cumulative analysis of the aforementioned provisions, it can be traced out that market value of the acquired land, except in case of acquisition for private companies or for public private partnership projects, has to be determined by the Collector as well as the Authority-cum-Reference Court, while relying upon the
[12]
Collector rate fixed for the purposes of registration of sale deeds for the concerned area or on the average sale price for similar type of land situated in the nearest village or the nearest vicinity being based on the sale deeds or the registered agreements to sell, whichever is higher. Furthermore, average sale price has to be determined while taking into account the sale deeds or the registered agreements to sell of the area in the nearby village or near vicinity during immediately preceding three years in which the acquisition was proposed to be made and the average sale price has to be found by taking into account, one half of the total number of sale deeds, or the agreements to sell in which the highest sale price has been mentioned.
[11] In the present case, a perusal of Award No. 2, dated 29.07.2016, passed by the Collector shows that the market value was determined while relying upon the assessment made by the Rate Fixation Committee, constituted under the Chairmanship of Administrator, Haryana Urban Development Authority (HUDA), Hisar, and the same was thus apparently in violation of the statutory intent expressed by the Central Legislation under Section 26 of the 2013 Act. Similarly, even the Authority-cum-Reference Court also committed an error of law, while ignoring the sale deeds pertaining to the revenue estate of Village Charkhi, involving the highest sale consideration while not having drawn the average sale price by taking into account one half of the total number of sale deeds produced by the appellants-landowners.
[13]
[12] In terms of the discussion made hereinabove, the Reference Court-cum-Authority, while passing the impugned award dated 22.04.2022, went wrong in determining the market value merely on the basis of average sale price of two sale deeds Exhibits PW11/T & PW-11/ V and that too involving lesser sale price. For the same reasons, even the sale deeds produced by the respondents are liable to be discarded and cannot be relied upon. As per Section 26, read with Section 69 of the 2013 Act, the market value was required to be assessed by taking average of half of the sale deeds involving highest sale consideration and pertaining to the same revenue estate. On a perusal of Exhibits PW-11/A to PW-11/Z, it can be found that following are half of the sale deeds with highest consideration amount:- TABLE - 2 Sr.
No.
Rate per Acre (in ) ( i.e. Rate per Sq.
Yd. x 4840 Sq. Yd.) 1.
PW-11/E 1892 / 11.07.2012 385 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 8,55,000/- 2221/- 1,07,49,640.00 Exhibit Sale Deed No. / Dated Land Sold Revenue Estate Sale consideration (in ) Rater per square yard (in ) 2.
PW-11/M 2820 / 17.09.2013 200 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 4,40,000/- 2200/- 1,06,48,000.00 3.
PW-11/B 1787 / 05.07.2012 9.5 M (287.37 sq. yds.) Charkhi 6,00,000/- 2088/- 1,01,05,920.00 4.
PW-11/A 1288 / 12.06.2012 584 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 11,68,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 5.
PW-11/C 2600 / 17.08.2012 500 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 10,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 6.
PW-11/D 2558 / 16.08.2012 270 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 5,40,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 7.
PW-11/F 3651 / 05.10.2012 245 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 4,90,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 8.
PW-11/G 2387 / 08.08.2012 300 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 6,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 9.
PW-11/I 1218 / 08.06.2012 500 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 10,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 10.
PW-11/J 4927 / 14.12.2012 830 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 16,60,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 11.
PW-11/K 4234 / 05.11.2012 300 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 6,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00
[14]
12.
PW-11/L 3971 / 19.10.2012 145 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 2,90,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 13.
PW-11/Q 5695 / 21.01.2013 400 sq.
yds.
Charkhi 8,00,000/- 2000/- 96,80,000.00 Total 12,83,03,560.00 Average of sale deeds ( 12,83,03,560 / 13) 98,69,504.62 Round Off 98,69,505.00 The table reproduced hereinabove shows that all the sale deeds are nearer in time to the date of notification under Section 4 of the Act, in the case in hand. There is consistency in the sale consideration and thus, all these transactions apparently are genuine and bona fide, especially, there being no plea of collusion between the vendor and vendee having been either set up or established by the respondents. As such, relying the same and upon mathematical calculations, the average sale price comes to 98,69,505/-.
[13] On the other hand, in terms of Section 26 of the 2013 Act, sale deeds produced at the instance of State are required to be discarded being of lesser value as compared to the consideration involved in the sale deeds produced by the landowners. [14] At the cost of repetition, it may be pointed out that large number of sale deeds relating to small pieces of land, itself suggests, rather, establish the commercial potential of the land under acquisition.
[15]
these sale deeds. Accordingly, the market value of the acquired land comes to 49,34,752.50 per acre ( 98,69,505/- minus 50%). It is made clear that since the determination has been made while relying upon the average of the sale price involving sale deeds pertaining to the highest sale consideration by applying the provisions of Sections 26 & 69 of the 2013 Act, the appellants-landowners shall not be entitled to any additional amount, as ordered by the Reference Courtcum-Authority, co-relating the depth of their land with the National Highway, the State Highway or the link road, except for the sum of 50,000/- per acre in case their land has been bifurcated. [15] In the present case, the Authority-cum-Reference Court went wrong while applying the multiplication of factor one (01) having relied upon the Notification dated 04.12.
2014 issued in this regard by the State of Haryana. Once, the determination of compensation was pending consideration before the Authority-cum-Reference Court and in the meanwhile, Notification dated 23.01.2018 came to be issued by the Revenue and Disaster Management Department, Haryana, taking the multiplication factor to 1.25 for the land upto 10 kms. from the outer boundary of any of the urban area in the State to any part of the particular Killa or part thereof, as the case may be, of the land to be acquired, the same should have been made applicable considering the facts that the acquired land in the present case undisputedly abuts the limits of Municipal Committee of Dadri Town. RELIEF [16] In view of the discussion made hereinabove, all the appeals filed on behalf of the appellants-landowners are allowed.
[16]
Resultantly, the award dated 22.04.2022 passed by the Reference Court is modified and the market value for the acquired land with regard to Village Charkhi is enhanced to 49,34,752.50 per acre, besides grant of all other statutory benefits as well as interest payable under the 2013 Act including hundred per cent (100%) solatium etc. The appellants-landowners shall also be entitled for amount of 50,000/- per acre, if their land has been bifurcated. [17] Pending application(s), if any, shall also stand(s) disposed off. November 29, 2023 ( HARKESH MANUJA ) 'dk kamra'
JUDGE Whether Speaking / Reasoned Yes Whether Reportable Yes Sr.
No.
Case No.
Case Title *1.
RFA-1336-2022 (Main Case) SUKHBIR AND OTHERS
VERSUS
STATE OF HARYANA AND OTHERS 2.
RFA-1339-2022 RAMESH KUMAR AND OTHERS VERSUS STATE OF HARYANA AND OTHERS 3.
RFA-1340-2022 DILBAGH SINGH AND OTHERS VERSUS STATE OF HARYANA AND OTHERS 4.
RFA-1344-2022 ISHWAR AND OTHERS VERSUS STATE OF HARYANA AND OTHERS 5.
RFA-1345-2022 HARI CHAND AND OTHERS VERSUS STATE OF HARYANA AND OTHERS 6.
RFA-1144-2022 RAM KISHAN SHARMA @ KRISHAN VERSUS STATE OF HARYANA AND OTHERS 7.
RFA-1145-2022 RAJENDER VERSUS STATE OF HARYANA AND OTHERS 8.
RFA-1146-2022 MANISH VERSUS STATE OF HARYANA AND OTHERS