Kumar Pal & ORS v. Union Of India & ORS
!
"
# "
$%&
" '
" (( ) *+, -.
/ 0*1+ 2 3+
((+ 5+*
( '
( 3+
6 $& 777 +8 9(:3 3+
((+ 5+*
( '
( 3+
6 $-& / ;<* 3+
((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $7& / 9*+(+ 9(:3 3+
((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $/& -- $ ;& +* 0*1+ 3+
((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6
$ & % !2< 9(:3
((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $%& / >?+ 9(:3 3+
((+ 5+* 9 '
+, 3+
6 $& 7 $ ;& 31 3+
((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+*:3 (
:(++ 3+
6 $& %7 :6 9(:3
((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $ & 77 +6 0*1+ ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $& /
1 3 ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6
$& / 5( 0*1+ ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $-&
?3 0*1+ ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $7& / 98(+ 9(:3 ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $/& 7 9*, 0*1+ 3+
((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $ &
8( 2 3+ ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $%& -7/ 93+(
1 3+
((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6
$& -// (+ 0*1+ 3+
((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $& 7-7 ;( >2 3+ ((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $ & 77%/ 0*26 9(:3 3+
((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $& 7 / !+(+ 3+ ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $& = 3+
((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $-& -%7 ;(
( ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6
$7& 7%- =( 9(:3 3+
((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $/& %- ;(3 0*1+ ((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $ & %% 93(8 93?( 3+
((+ 5+* 9 '
+, 3+
6 $%& - !28(+ ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $& - ?3 3+ ((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $& - < ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6
$- & -7 +6 0*+ 3+
((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $-& 7%/ <+ 9(:3 3+
((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $-& - 7 - (+ 0*1+ ((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+.
3 3+
6 $--& /%77 +<* 9(:3 3+
((+ 5+*
( '
( 3+
6 $-7& -7 (@ 0*1+ 3+
((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $-/& %%
1 +?3 3+
((+ 5+* 3
:(++ +2.
(:3 *+ '
*<= +, 3+
6
$- & - ;< 3+
((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $-%& - / $ ;& 9:+ 0*1+ 3+
((+ 5+* 3 *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $-& /- ;:
1 3+
((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $-& -
2 3+
((+ 5+*
( '
( 3+
6 $7 & / % +8 9(:3 ((+ 5+*
( '
( 3+
6 $7& // % +8 9(:3 ((+ 5+*
( '
( 3+
6
$7& -
(31 9(:3 ((+ 5+*
( '
( 3+
6 $7-& 7- - +* 3+ ((+ 5+*
( '
( 3+
6 $77& - - $ ;& 9*++ 3+ ((+ 5+* 9 '
+, 3+
6 $7/& %7 - 962 3+ ((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $7 & 7 ;3( 0*1+ 3+
((+ 5+* *<= +, (:3 *+ 3+
6 $7%& / - :+ 9(:3 ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6
$7& /7 - +?3 9(:3 ((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 $7& -/ 7 +8 9(:3 ((+ 5+*
( '
( 3+
6 $/ & --7 7 $ ;& 96 0*1+ 3+
((+ 5+* 9 '
*<= 3+
6 ;) A!> ;
9 9;
9 9
!"# #$"% &'(( #$## !()$ #$#)* +
((!( #$## !& , &# & #$"' )& " #$#(* -
"#$"$ #$#) .
/ 0 1
"(('& #$## 2 0
")&&" "()(% )%&
#$## +
3 + 4
"$ $& #$##
-5 5
6+ + +5
78
"$'#! ""$'( ""( ( ""&$! ""&"! "" %!
,"!"& #$##* 6 95 /35
%" ) #$#$* +
"$#& #$## - 1
##)#% #$##
#%('& #$## /+ :;
; 1
"''%" #$## ,
#%)%# #$#)* < +
)%#( #$#)* :
#"'(" #$#)*
5
"%)'( , ## )$ #$##* ;
+
&!$! "%## )$% , ")(& #$##* +
"$ "( , ""!!( #$##* : 3 9
<
#)(!$ #$##* : 0 ;5 /
")(! #$##
"(%"& #$##* ;
/
!&)" !"''
, "$%)) #$##* 0
" %"( #$##* -
#$))( #$#(*
<
78 + < + .
/ 23 1
5 .
/ 5 +
/ 05 /35
2+
"$#& , ((!( #$##*
# )
""$'( "" %! ""( ( "%)'( ")(!
, !&)" #$##*
# , (
"#$"$ %" ) , )& " #$#(*
#
"! )! #$##* - 0
"
"$ "( , #%('& #$##*
"')% , ##)#% #$##*
# )
"(%"& ""!"& , "%(') #$##
) (
"(('& #$##
"
#
""!!( , " %"( #$## 0
78 2+
&'(( "$ $& "()(% , "%## #$##
#"&"
, #"&($ #$#)
# )
""&$! #$## ""&"! #$## "$%)) #$## !"'' #$## ## )$ #$## , "$'#! #$## 3 5 6 5 5 /5
= + :
+ 5
5
5 4
"
)
!()$ #$#)
&!$! )$% )%& #"'("
#$#)
) (
"''%" #$## ,
#%)%# #$#) ;
/ 5
5
>?= " # , )
&'(( #$##
.35 3;
>1
&'(( #$##
>1
%" ) #$#$
6
5 5 +
5
)
!& , &# & #$"'
+ 0 5 +
5 ;
> 1
+
!()$ #$#) )& " #$#( @
< & %
!()$ #$#)* 0
< & %
!"# #$"%
!"!) #$"%
# (
!& #$"'
&# & #$"'* -5 +
.;
< %
!& #$"'* ; /
< # )
#)(!$ #$##
)%#( #$#)* + 05
2+
")(& ,")&&" #$##* 0 5
5
< " >?=
!"# #$"% &# & #$"' %" ) #$#$ ((!( #$## !"!) #$"% )& " #$#(* 3 /+
< # , )
#$))( #$#(
9;
9 9 $ >& "
-3 &$ 5
+ + +
55 5
5 +
5
# =
+ + 3 ;+ .
> 1
+
55
23
1 ;+ 5 === =:
3 3 .
) =
5
3 5 1 + 5 3 ;+
3 5
3 ( 1 + 3 ;+ . > 1
+ + + 5B
3
53 5+
3 +
3 /
+
5
+ 5B @ 3
1 3
;+ . > 1
+
+ 5B + 553 53 @ 5 3 553 53 & >
5 5
. > 1
+ ;+ 553
+ 5 ;+ =
53 + 5 ;+ 3 5 553
+ 5 5
+ 5B
53
5+5 5 ;+ 5 ++ + 5B + 55 % 9 5 + 5
> 1
+
55 + 5B
53 55 ;+ A 53 /
=
A 5
+ 5B
55 ; ;+ 53 ; 553 53 + 5 5 '
9 5
> 1
+
+ >
=
5B
5 53 ;
. > 1
+
53 5 5 + 3 5
5 3 5 6 5 5 5 /5
=
A
(
553
.
+ + 9
5 5 /5
=
3
9 /
= ## $" #$#& 55
/
=
!
9 5 5 /5
=
3 5 > 1
+
3 5 5 5 5 5 5+ 5
( 53 + "$ 0+
+ + 3 53 ;+ .
+ + 5B
53
5B
55
+ 5
+ 5B
5
( 553 + /
= /
= 53 ;+
53 5+ 55
+
5 @ 3 +
( 553 @ 53 5 5
3
""
1 > 1
+ 55 23 2+
+ A @ A
+
. > 1
+ A 5 5 5 >
=
3
= 3
A .
9 /
= A @ A 5 "# = 3 ; ( 553 5 > 1
+ ; + + 5 5
53 +
5 53 @ 55+ 553
3 . > 1
+ 5 5
53 ;+ 5 55 5
+ 5B
553 53
55 ") 0+
;+
53 55 ;+ 3 . > 1
+ . + > 1
+ A 55 55 ;
+ 3 ;+ @ 3 ;
3 55 5 3
5 53 3 53 ;+ ;+ 5 5
5 5 53 5 3
5 53 553 "( < + + + 3 53 ;+ .
55
23 3 5
53 5+ 5
+ 5B
+
53 + +
55 3
5 53 + + +3 +
;
@ 53 ;+ 5 55 "& 9 5 + 5
.
23
; + 55
+
. "% 9 5
53 + + + .
23 53 ;
+ + +3 55 3 + 53 ;
+ + 5
3 + +
53
+ "'
9 5
+ + + + 3 55
"
9 5
+
+
53
+ 5B
+ 5B+ 3 + ;
55 ; 3 + 5
+ 5B 3 + 53
55
"!
- + 3 ;+ 3
-
;+ .
23 55 +
53
.
53 3
+ 3 ++ .
+ 53
;+
3 #$##
1 +
3 3 #$## 3 A +
+ 5B
;+
3
3 5
+ 5B 5 3 . #$ 1 + + 5B
53 55 3 53
53 5+
2D5
=
!"# "
2D5
= 5 53
E
5
$ #%&!
53
53 5+ E ;+
+ 3 53 +
53 5 A
+
5 53 5
5
+ 5B #"
5 5
5 + 5B
53 3 2+
@ 5 53 3
23 + 5B 53
5
+ 5B+
## 5
+ 5B 53 + 1
5 .53
+ 13
;
+ ?
F53
5 #$"% 53 5 #) 0+
53
53 5+
A
@
5 55 55 ;
@ 3 ;
53
53 5 + 55 5 3
53 3 55 55 @ 3 1 53 ;+
5
. 55
5 53 ;+
+ 53 3 55 5 55
+ 53
+
53
;
2 3
53 3
55 @ 3 . ; 5 #( 0+
55 5 5
5
+ 5B
; 5
+ 5B
+
$#%&! 1 5 ;
@
3
3 ;+ 5 23 2+
+ 3 3
. ;+ 55 3
23 3 1 ; 3 5
+ 5B +
55 ;+
5
;+
3 ;+
5
. +
= 53 + ;+
E 553 53 ;+ 53
. ;+ + 3 55 ;
+ 5 +
+ 5B
553 5 + 5
+ 5B
#& ; 3 .
+ 53 5 55 5 5 53 + + +3
+
. 3
+ 5B
+
2D5
=
$#%&! 1 53 + 5;
? + +
5
+ 5B
5
;+ 53 +
;+
5
. +
55
53
A 3
55
5 ; + 5B
;+
+
2D5
=
$#%&!3
= 3 + 3 2D5
= + 5B
53 5 +
$#%&!" 53 A + ;+ 5
3
3 5 + 5+53
53
+ 5B ; 5 + + 5
+
+ 5B '
+ 5 5
;+
. + + A 5 3 A 5 ;
53 + 3 3
5+ 5 # 9 5
3 E5
+ + 55 3 3
3 5E 3 5
@ 55 @ 55 ;+
+ 5
3 #!
1
)$
5 55 5 +
3 5
)"
3
5
5
*+, -.
/ $ 9;
9 9& "
;+E 4
5
4