Union Of India And ORS v. Francis And ANR
!"
#$%&' "()*(+,!'"'-# ,++&
!" #$
%% && '(
! ) #$
% *$&(+
"'-# ,++&.)/0 ,!( -(&& (%
!# .
/ + ( -!($! 01( & (! ($ $( ( 2! / ( ("/(
/&) -!
- (#(. + 1 (. 34546 , +%4 7 +( ("/ - # &(. %(&&( (+ &&
%% & !# 1
% 1) 8( 9( && .
/$: 1 (. 2 4 464
54,;4 (# 1);/3!/1 &. 3 $/( )$ $(&( )
$ + ;/ & %% && -/& ./ %% & !
% (&((. $$( ;&(+,(1/& 0/%/ ( ! < ,(1/&= (/ 1( -!
! ((#(. && .
!1
(1/
; / 3!/ ( (# 9 ( # &) ./
(+)>(&(!
&1 01( &(!( &&/($( ($!.
/(/
1) $&(+ 9 (/ ./ ,(1/&(& %% $(
(+);/3!/ '64 ((.!
% % (# 9( ( (./ +(
&)/ % - # &(. + (# 1) 01( & (!
(
#(& ( %#(( 5 ?
$
755 ( ! < $ = 9 ( / ./ 01( & (! - - (. !
&+
-!(& (#(. +
!
( ./(& ) #(& (. & # /& $1
(1/
!(+ !( $$/ - && ;/ & % (. % *$&(+ !/%%
((. ,(1/& (/ 9 ( ./ (# - %/ (& 1( 9'&.
1) >(& (!
.(
&($ ( &(/ &!( (# % 1 ,(1/& ( (/ -( ! !(.!
/ !( ( % & (+%&($ (;/3!/$/(.
9!# $/ & % % / %% 41: $ # (. (#&/1+((+ 1)$/ &
% ( ( )
& # $ %& (%
$&(+%%&($ ( %&)
(& 1) % ,(1/&,!
% *$&(+ !# && .
-!
+ (# 1)01( &(! $!
&(
& 1 !(#(&&.
> ! /$:1 (.2 4 464
54,;4 (# 1) % -( !/ 1&-(. ! !&) &) $+ + %%(
( !( + ,!
% ( ( % %
$&(+ %%&($ !# $
.($&&) %&
$$( $$/ / & + $)$&( / % .
($&/(. + $)$&( - .(. +
.( '/& '
./& ( $ ,!
+ $)$&( - - (. !
&+
% (. #&( (#(. &($ (+ $$( ,!
3 $/( )$ 3/ !( !# %%$!
&$&%&($ .( ($(+(&$ .( + $)$&( -! $/ 1/ %&($ ( )$ (( !( . ,!
(# 3# -/(. # ( $ ( # ) &- %
% ($ /& @ ( A% ( (# !#(. # A% ( ( (#(. ,!
+ $)$&( - (#(. !&) &) !(.!%
-!& $ &-!(& . ( (. $/# !( !( + / & : (.!
( 3 # >(& (!
/ ! 9' ) 4-( $$/ %% ( -( 1A
( #( !( (#( BA;6 * 1) -) A+( ( ( $!( 9 % (#(
! % + -(# $ (
(# -( !/ 1&-(.! !&) &)$+ +%%(
( !( + /& -!($! ( % !( $( /.!
( %!
-2!/ +/& (%& .( #/("/( 9 !($ A+( !+(
/% .
- ((.
+ - - (.!
&+
@ ! ( /..
+ $)$&( -(#(.!&) &) # ) !(.! %
!
& $ & -!(& . ( (. $/# !( !( + / & : (.!
( 3#
;/3!/ (# %% (
$:
( #( !(/&)-(#( BA'6 * -!
( !
$
( %&) %
$&(+ %%&($ (9$ A+( ( /..
$$/ / !(! (#(. /&
>(& (!
& -(
A+( 1) $&(+ %# (/
-/& # & ! .(# $ /& 1( &) / - (# !&) &)@- # !
+ - (# $ ( ! ( $!&& .
;/3!/-( ! . + ( -!($! (C/ :%&$ 1 $/ !#(. & $ &-!(& . ( (.$/# ,!
( (& ;/ 3!/ $ $(+(& %$
(. $$/ / (# (. ( 9'&.
1 >(&(!
$!&&- %
( ;/ -!
( / 3!/ ! 1
(($
$++(
(. %/(!1& / ( 4
5
9;,!
%$
(.1 ,(1/& /++)( / +( ($ %($(%& &- #( 1 %%&( 9(%/ 1&) - - (.!
&+
(+ $$/ (#(& (
& # /& /& % +
+ % -/& # & / ( ("/) #( &$ 1(/ $$( $/ ! ( $( %( ) / ("/) 1( ,:(. $/+/& (# #( - ($/(+ (1 -!
A+( (
&(.!
%#(( $ 1 (.1 #& $(&& .(& ( $
&)1 & % ($ $ (1/ ) 1 !
# (#&# ( $$/ ,:(.( $( ( /$: (# 1(..
# ! + %(1(&( ) $ +&& # ( +) $( %(( (
"/ ($ -/&1 +
(
D(
(1/
+((.D (#
$$(.&) ((. ,(1/&(/ +(( ( (
+ ,!
,(1/& ! $+% ( '
*4 ($&/(./+' *4/ $# (&!
;/ & %% && ! + ) /1+(( (& C/ /+ $+% ( 1) ,(1/& ,!
%% &&
;/ $ %%( #( %"/.+ /.!
!# 1
% 1) (&;/ ,!(%
,(1/&!1&(. "/ 1& $+% +:
. & #($ (++(&)! / ;+% (&&- 1) ,(1/&/ $# (&!
(( C/
+ ( !$ ' *4( (&+/ ' *4 ( &(.!
"/.+ @=1& /% ;/
!"#$# % &"& '()*+ %*(+)% ,!-"& $#
# !"#"& ' ()*.%/)01'
(& !
/ 2 E$ (/+ ' *4 / & A% ' *4 E
' *4
9#( - 1#
&$+% (('
*49 #( -((.(/
$&(+ !&&1 & &)D
( +/ &. -( ! (
(
+ - ,!
%% && !&& 1 & $# A$ +/
( ) %( 1) (&(.%%%(
%%&($ (1 ,(1/& 9 #( - -! ! 1
($/ !
(1
( % &) &&- ( (
+ ) +($ && /%%&($ ((& 1) % !&&1
(%
#*010'*011'0(034()*/ 9 #( - ((. $ (
$$( ( 1
$ $+%(
$&(+ + ( % ("/( / ( 1)+($&(+ + &)$( (2!;/ & %% && ! (%/
( $ $+%(
-+ # $&(+ ( &(1 ) $&(+$+% (+ "( ;/ & %% && !&(&)$$ $+% (&&- ( #/ +( $&(+ ( % ("/( / ( 1) + ! & ) 1
& 9 .(# $($/+ $ ( (
# ( -% (#/("/ *+($&(+ .(. %% & (%
!**'()*5 78!9 <>0/& (= 6!
% :(.*
) * 6!
% 1&
) *