Satender v. Ganga & ORS.
!"##$%&%'( #)*+!*, -. / !"#'0#* 11#22!'"
3#*&+& !'4! "5#*& #&1'0#'"& !
"#$%& '( )* & *)+%,'(-.&
*#&#'"( * 65!*7!.08$!"#.
*"5#!11#22!'" *5!%2#'0*!!%'.#'%*08$!"#9%"5 *!",#'0*!5!+5!'.08$!"#
*3%:*!'" !'!.!08$!"#.
**#&1'0#'"& " ;;;;; *)+%,'
11#22!'"<0##'0!'"%&%' #4+2!*#$'011#!2!4!%'&""5# $'$+**#'"%'0%'4&!$".95#*#),"5#&+%""5#*#&1'0#'"<12!%'"%&* 4*!'"%'4 "5#7 0#$2!*!"%' 9'#*&5%1 !'0 1#*7!'#'" %'=+'$"%' *#&"*!%'%'4"5#0##'0!'"'"""5#2!'0%'0%&1+"#.5!&)##'0#$*##0), "5#"*%!2+*"!'0+15#20),"5#69#*11#22!"#+*" 5#!$"&.95%$5#7!'!"#0*7"5#12#!0%'4&"5#1!*"%#&.!*# "5!"*#&1'0#'"<12!%'"%&%'&"%"+"#0"5#!*#7#'"%'#0&+%"12#!0%'4"5#*#%' "5!"%'"5#,#!* --<>. !75!'0#*."5#%*1*#0#$#&&*<%'<%'"#*#&"!'0 "5!"0##'0!'"&".5!0*!22,#?$5!'4#0)%45!& /)%&9!& 2!'0)#%'4@&5!*#""!22!'07#!&+*%'4-)%45!& >)%&9!&$71*%� A5!&*!&-- < .>B </ .>
< .>/ < .>B <
!'0>
< . &%"+!"#0 %' "5# *#8#'+# #&"!"# 3%22!4# 5%:51+*. #5&%2 !'0
%&"*%$"+*4!'9%"5"5#!4*%$+2"+*!22!'07#!&+*%'4 )%45!& )%&9!&.
0#"!%295%$55!&)##'4%8#'%' !*!"5#12!%'"&%"+!"#0%'"5#&!7# 8%22!4# 9'#0 ),!02+. 1*#0#$#&&*<%'<%'"#*#&" 0##'0!'" , 8%*"+#"5#!*#7#'"%'#0*!2#?$5!'4#. !75!'0#*)#$!7#9'#* "5#&+%"2!'095%2#&!%0!)2+9'#*"5#2!'0!&1#*0#"!%2&4%8#'%' !*!
"5#12!%'""5"5#1!*"%#&$'"%'+#0"#'=,"5#1&&#&&%'.95%$5 9!&0#2%8#*#0!""5!""%7# +" 2!'0 7#!&+*%'4 )%45!& / )%&9!& *#$#%8#0 %'
#?$5!'4#.2!'07#!&+*%'4 )%45!)%&9!&9!&!$C+%*#0),"5#!*,!'!
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
9!&!2&12#!0#0"5!""5#12!%'"%&5!0'$'$#*'9%"5"5#&+%"2!'0!& 7+"!"%'>9!&'"'2,%'$**#$")+"9!&'")%'0%'4+1'5%7 9#8#*."5#7+"!"%'9!&&#"<!&%0#),"5#&&%&"!'"22#$"*&"*!0# !'0%'!11#!2."5#*0#*"5#&&%&"!'"22#$"*9!&&#"<!&%0#!'0"5# 7!""#*9!&1#'0%'4)#*#"5#77%&&%'#*!'0."5#*#*#.&+45"&"!,
/ "5#1*$##0%'4&!&1#*#$"%' "5#%8%2 *$#0+*#0# %'$#)"5"5#1!*"%#&9#*#!"8!*%!'$#."5#"*%!2+*"*!7#0 "5#229%'4%&&+#&(<
!
!
"#$ !
!
$ %&& ' !
'!
( !
)
*
+
,
*
,
"-./.
0 1,
$%&& (
$%&2
,
$%&2 .
0 $%&2 #
$%&2 " ,
3 $%&2 /
5#*#&1'0#'"<12!%'"%&.%'&+11*""5#%*$!&#.#?!7%'#0
D< !8##'+1"!. A.+*4!'. D<!*#&5A+7!*2#*:"5*% 3A !5#&59!*%. 08$!"#. D<B *#7 6!"! 2#*:. #4%&"*!* %$#.
+*4!'. D<!*%'0#*%'45!'0 D< 5!'4*!08$!"#!'0!2&
"#'0#*#0%'"#8%0#'$#229%'40$+7#'"&(< F4
/.6.. 7& 4 7&5
/#-6# '4 7&'5
/#-6# (4 7&(
/#6#.
4 7&
/"-6" .4 7&.
/"6".
#4 7&#
/.6..
"4 7&"
/#-6# /4 7&/
/#6#. -4 7&-
/"-6" 4 7&
/"6".
4 7&
/"6".
'4 7&'
7&'
(4 7&(
4 7& "# .4 7&.
"" #4 7&# "# "4 7&"
"" /4 7&/ /- -4 7&- #. 4 7& ' 4 7& (-# '4 7&'
(( (4 7&( ( 4 7& ( .4 7&.
('. #4 7&# 8 1 8 /#
// "4 7&"
8 1 //(/// /4 7&/ 8 1 //(-( '-4 7&'-
"/- '4 7&'
1
'9
9) ///
"# '4 7&' .--
1
''4 7&''
,
'(4 7&'9+
'4 7&9+
"/- '.4 7&9+ * 11#22!'"<0##'0!'"0#&1%"#!8!%2%'4#*!211*"+'%"%#&.0%0 '"2#!0!',#8%0#'$#!'0"5##8%0#'$#9!&$2�),*0#*"5#+*"'
>5#"*%!2+*"0#$*##0"5#&+%"!'0"5#!11#!22!%0),"5# !11#22!'"<0##'0!'"9!&!2&0%&7%&�),+1520%'4"5#=+047#'"!'0
0#$*##"5#"*%!2+*" * 65!*7!. 2#!*'#0 $+' *#1*#&#'"%'4 "5#!11#22!'"< 0##'0!'"&+)7%"&"5!""5#*!2#?$5!'4#9!&'"*#$*0#0%'"5#=!7!)!'0% 5#*#&1'0#'"<12!%'"%&5!8#'")##'!)2#"1*8#"5#1&&#&&%'!'0. "5#*#*#. *!2 #?$5!'4#. !& 1#* "5# 1*8%&%'& #$"%'
/ "5# *!'&#* *1#*",$".9!& '" !07%&&%)2# %' #8%0#'$#*9!'" *#4%&"*!"%'!&1#*#$"%'-"5# #4%&"*!"%'$"5%&!&1#$"9!& *#C+%*#0")#2:#0%'"),"5#+*"&)#29."5#*#*#."5#*#%&%22#4!2%", !'01#*8#*&%",'&+11*"5%&$'"#'"%'.*#2%#0+1'"5#*!"%0#$%0#'0% $+22#0+"),"5#&%'42#)#'$5"5%&+*"%' 012
034 544367, 8%'9#0#&'"0%&1+"#"5#12#!0%'4&.!& '"%$#0!)8#
#*$'"*!. *5!%2#'0*!!%'.2#!*'#0#'%*+'!&&%&"#0 ), *!",#'0*!5!+5!'.08$!"#.*#1*#&#'"%'4*#&1'0#'"& " &+)7%"& "5!" "5# *!2 #?$5!'4# 5!& )##' 1*8#0 " "5# 5%2". *. "5# !11#22!'"<0##'0!'"%'1+*&+!'$#""5#!$C+%&%"%'"5#2!'0),"5#6!'0 $C+%&%"%'22#$"*.*#$#%8#0"5#$71#'&!"%'95%$59!&'")=#$"#0" ),"5#*#&1'0#'"<12!%'"%&!0"5#*#)##'!0%&1+"#9%"5*#4!*0""5# #?$5!'4#.5#9+205!8#0#%'%"#2,*!%�"5#0%&1+"#8#'*#&""5#2!'0 5!0!2*#!0,)##'&208%0#*#4%&"#*#0&!2#0##0? DBE"5#!*4+7#'"
*5!*7!%&")#!$$#1"#0.#8#'"5#'"5#*#4%&"#*#0&!2#0##0#?#$+"#0 ),5%79!&!2&''#&"%'"5##,#&2!9!&5#0%0'"0#*%8#!',"%"2#* %'"#*#&"9%'4""5#*!2#?$5!'4# &*#4!*0&"5#!112%$!)%2%","5#*!2#?$5!'4#.%'&+11*" 5%&$'"#'"%'. *!%'5!&*#2%#0+1'"5#*!"%0#$%0#'0%$+22#0+"%' :743 7%544$6;0 , / 7<7 9
=
37 7 3544 >70 7 3, 7<7 = " $'"#'0"5!""5#*!2#?$5!'4#229#0),1&&#&&%'%&!0$+7#'" #?$5!'4#95%$50#&'"*#C+%*#!',$71+2&*,*#4%&"*!"%'!&1#*"5# 1*8%&%'&#$"%'-"5# #4%&"*!"%'$"!'0."5+&.+*4#&"5%&+*"
*0%&7%&&!2"5#!11#!2),+1520%'4"5#$'$+**#'"%'0%'4& 5!8#5#!*0"5#2#!*'#0$+'*"5#1!*"%#&!'0!11*!%� "5#1!1#*): 5#)&#*8!"%'&*#'0#*#0%' 012 #4 44 ,*#2%#0 +1'), *5!*7!.*#!0"5+&(< F( :
7
, ,
:
;<=
;+= ;>=
;!=:
,
?
: --// ;+=
;>=
;!=
;<= :
,
0
:
6
--96
, , 0
:
, * (/
+ +//
* (/
+ ;
, ?
& + ""=
?
& +
+
* (/
+
,
,
, ?
0
, --96 @
,
* ////
:
:
! ,
= D%"5!225+7%2%",.%'"#'0"0%#*9%"5"5#%'0%'4&*#'0#*#0 ),"5#+*"&)#29!&"5##?$5!'4#5!0"!:#')#*#%2%'4"5#&+%"5# 1*8%&%'& #$"%'
/ "5# *!'&#* *1#*", $" 9#*# '"
!112%$!)2#""5##*&"95%2#"!"# +'=!)."5#*#*#.%"0%0'"*#C+%*#!', *#4%&"*!"%'5#!$"+7"5#&!2#0##0!'0*#$#%1""5#)#'#%""5# $71#'&!"%'.%'8%#9"5#2!'05!8%'4!$C+%*#0.5!&'")##'0%&1+"#0), "5#!11#22!'"<0##'0!'"%'!',"5#1*$##0%'4&.95%$55!8#)##'1*8#0 "5*+450$+7#'"!*,#8%0#'$#'*#$*0 !7"5#8%#9"5!""5#%'0%'4&*#'0#*#0),"5#+*"&)#29 0'"#'!)2#7#"*7!0%#*#'"1%'%'.*.%"5#!*4+7#'" *5!*7!%&!$$#1"#0"5!"%"%&"5#&!2#0##0*#7!%'%'41%#$#2!'0 95%$55!0!22#'"5%&$2%#'"G&&5!*#),9!,#?$5!'4#.#8#'"5#'5#5!0 '"%"2#
*"5#*#!&'&&"!"#0!)8#.'4*+'0*%'"#*#*#'$#%&
9 7!0#+".7+$52#&&!',&+)&"!'"%!2C+#&"%'2!9 #&+2"!'"2,."5#!11#!2 %&0%&7%&� ?61@,9 *)+%
;43 '(-.& +3034A7 B4
C4B
+303 06!
C4B