Sudhir Kumar v. Satya Devi And Another
!"#!$%&%"'()) *+,-%./+0.
11!22'
3!.&+& * 4!5%'" -!.
!&1"',!' &
.!&!' (
.)*'6!!5+7728,5"$ !#". -!11!22' ) $2%01! % %"'+',!.*!$ %"'::"# -! " ".3!-%$2!$ 8 ;$0! "<!,!2 =% -<4 -! )))82',-.',5%,!=.,, !, )>)8$"01!'& %"'0"+' "# &)8>8?=&=.,!,%'#5"+.
"#$2%0' '")'0!24* 4!5%"'$$"+' "#,! -"#-!.&"'-.0
2%'0" ".5!-%$2!$$%,!' - ""@12$!"')):%'5"25%'7 5!-%$2!<!.%'7.!7%& . %"''") ;;;) -!"='!.$+0,.%5!."# -!"##!',%'75!-%$2!-&#%2!, -! %'& ' 11!2&&%2%'7 -!=.,, !,)>)) .%!#24% 04<!'" %$!, - -!$2%01! % %"'=&#%2!,<4 -! 0" -!.',&%& !."#-.0 2 &%'$!,!$!&!, &!!@%'7$"01!'& %"' "
-! +'!"# &)>2$&"'$$"+' "#-%&,! -%'0" ".5!-%$2!$$%,!' - ""@12$!"')):)2%0' &&&!. !, - "' -!# !#+2,4 ,!$!&!, =& 1."$!!,%'7 "' 0" ".$4$2! "=.,& -7=. ', -%& <." -!.%'2= *'6%5 /+0. "&-% =& #"22"=%'7 -%0 "' &!1. ! 0" ".$4$2!) <"+ )>) =-!' -!4.!$-!,'!.,,.5!&-
%',8 !-&%2 -7=.8 5!-%$2! 7.!!' %' $"2"+. <!.%'7 .!7%& . %"''") ;;;$0!#."0 -!"11"&% !&%,!<!%'7,.%5!' 5!.4-%7-&1!!,',%'.&-','!72%7!' 0''!.', -!"##!',%'7
5!-%$2!$0!"' -!=."'7&%,!"# -!.",',& .+$@%' " -!0" ".$4$2! "# -!,!$!&!,)&.!&+2 -.0 2&+& %'!,# 2%'6+.%!&)2%0' & &&!. !, - ,!$!&!,=& -!&"2!<.!,!.'!."# -!#0%24',<" - -! $2%0' &=!.!,!1!',!' +1"'-%0)-.0 2=&& !, "<!!.'%'7
&)8?1!.0"' -<4,"%'7!2!$ .%$=".@) !=&& !, "<! <$-!2".) 2%01! % %"'=&$"' !& !,<4.!&1"',!' '") 11!22'
-!.!%'
,!'4%'7 -!$$%,!' % &!2#)-!5!-%$2!%'A+!& %"'=&$"'$!,!,24 '" %'&+.!,=% -'4%'&+.'$!$"01'4)
1"'12!,%'7&"# -!1. %!&8#"22"=%'7%&&+!&=!.!#.0!,<4 -!.%<+'2(
!"#"!! $ %
&'
( ) ) * %+ ,
% +
, &'
- % %
&'
.
./ ' &" #. & &&+! ") %& $"'$!.'!, #%',%'7& -5! <!!' .!$".,!,<4 -!.%<+'2 - ,! -"#-.0 2"$$+..!,"'$$"+' "# %'6+.%!&-5%'7 &+##!.!, %' -!$$%,!' - ""@ 12$!"' )): %'5"25%'7 -!"##!',%'75!-%$2!<!.%'7.!7%& . %"''") ;;;', =-%$-=&<!%'7,.%5!'%'.&-','!72%7!' 0''!.<4.!&1"',!' '") *+,-%./+0. 1.!&!' 11!22'
) -! " 2$"01!'& %"'0"+' $"01+ !,<4 -!.%<+'2%&
&)8>8?%'#5"+."#$2%0' '")%)!)0" -!."# -!,!$!&!,2"'7
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
$4$2!"# -!,!$!&!,-,,&-!,7%'& $2#=-"-,&+,,!'24$"0!%' -!$!' "# -!.",) +. -!.$"' !',!, - 0 !.%2!5%,!'$!%' -!&-1!"#"'!)-&<!!'%7'".!,<4 -!
.%<+'2', -!$"' !' & -!.!"#="+2," -!.=%&!.!5!2 - -!11!22' -,'"."2!=- &"!5!.%' -!$$%,!' ) 5%'7-!.,$"+'&!2#". -!11!22' 2!'7 -',-5%'7 1!.+&!, -!$&!11!.<""@8 -%&"+. %&"# -!$"'&%,!.!,5%!= - -!.! %&'"0!.% %' -!%'& ' 11!2', -!&0!,!&!.5!& "<!,%&0%&&!,) -!$$%,!' %&& !, "-5!<!!'=% '!&&!,<4<." -!.%'2= "# -!,!$!&!,*'6%5/+0."&-%)$$%,!' ""@12$!"')):)
"), !,)):+',!.&!$ %"'&8;8) )=& .!7%& !.!,=% -"+ '4,!24"' -!& !0!' "# -!!4!=% '!&&)"+'&!2 ,"!&'" ,%&1+ ! -!#$ - %'1+.&+'$! ".!7%& . %"'"# -! 11!22' %&#$%'7 .%2%' -!$"+. "#2!.'!,) )))8 -7=."' -!
$-.7!"#-5%'7$+&!,,! -"#-.0 2"'$$"+' "#.&-', '!72%7!' ,.%5%'7 "# -! "##!',%'7 5!-%$2!) ' &" #. & -! ) %& $"'$!.'!,8 -!.%<+'2-&.%7- #+224 @!' -!5%!= - -!&0!=&'" ,0%&&%<2!%'!5%,!'$!& -!$!. %#%$ !F)G?22!7!, "<!%&&+!,<4
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
&)8?8 -! .%<+'2 -& .!&". !, " ,!,+$ %"' "# >C "=.,& 1!.&"'2',2%5%'7!F1!'&!&&,!$!&!,=&$"'$!,!,24<$-!2".)4 @%'7 -!7!"# -!,!$!&!, "<!4!.&&"' -!, !"#$$%,!' 8 0+2 %12%!."#-&<!!'112%!, " -!0+2 %12%$',)*%'$!% =& -!$&! "# -!$2%0' & -!0&!25!& - ,!$!&!,=&&!2#!012"4!,8',,% %"'%' %'$"0!B>C "=.,&#+ +.!1."&1!$ &-&<!!'=.,!,@!!1%'7%'5%!= -%&7!<.$@! )&+0"# &)>8?%'22-&<!!'=.,!,+',!. -!
$"'5!' %"'2-!,&) -%&"+. #%',& - -!$"01!'& %"'0"+' =.,!,%' #5"+."# -!7!,0" -!."# -!,!$!&!,%&&1!.1.0! !.&?7+%,!2%'!& #+.'%&-!,<4 -!1!F"+. %'
',
!
" # $%
& $
'
( ' "%' !.5!' %"'%' -!0 !.%&$22!,#".) 11!2%&,%&0%&&!,)
2+$@4 G-! -!.&1!@%'7?.!&"'!,( !&?"
G-! -!. !1". <2!( !&?"