Baj Singh v. Vijay Kumar Kaura
!"# $#%&'&( )
!*&(+, --#..!(" /#0'1' 2&*!3415!04!10! #'-($#(" 67894 :,#",#0#-0"#0' 9%!.#;'-!-#0'5!3<#!..;#$" '##",#*1$+5#("= 3#'
<#0# #00#$"",##-0"#0'0("=3#' :,#",#0",#*1$+5#("',1.$<#0#-0"#$&(",#&+#'"=3#' 0#'#("604!1',!.>$/%!"# 0",#!--#..!("
0",#0#!'('5#("&(#$&(",#!--.&%!"&(>$#.!3 $!3'
&( &.&(+",#!--#!.'"!($'%($(#$'"!($'$&'-'#$ !%%0$&(+.3
!*&(+,$# #($!("7!--#..!(",!'$&0#%"#$",#-0#'#("!--#!. !+!&('"",#*1$+5#("!($$#%0##$!"#$
-!''#$<30'!($##- 4!10>$$&"&(!.&'"0&%"1$+#>4!-10",!.!/&$#;,&%,",#!--#!.-0# #00#$ <3$# #($!("@!--#..!("!+!&('"",#*1$+5#("!($$#%0##A
-!''#$ <3 ,0& 5&" ,&($> ",# ",#( .#!0(#$ &/&. 1$+# #(&0 &/&'&( > 4!-10",!.!;!'$&'5&''#$
0&# !%"' ",#-0#'#("%!'#!0#",!"$# #($!("<"!&(#$!
.!(
05",#-.!&("&
@0#'-($#("(
)!($",# !--#..!("@$# #($!(" #B#%1"#$!-0("#!($0#%#&-"&(",#-0#'#(%#
;&"(#''#'>(",#'!5#$!3&( !/10 ",#0#'-($#("@-.!&("&
&("C#( ",#0# ,#!--#..!("7$# #($!("!+0##$"-!3!(&("#0#'"D E-5(",# .!(!51(",#!--#..!("7$# #($!("!.'!+0##$"0#"10(<!%C",#.!( !51("!.(+;&",!+0##$&("#0#'">($#5!($<3",#0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
,#0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
,!$!.;!3'5!C&(+",#!--#..!("7$# #($!("!;!0# ",# &("#0#'" !%%01#$ ( ",# .!( !51(" 05 "&5# " "&5# ,# 0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
!($0#F1#'"#$ 0",#0#"10( .!(!51("!.(+;&", !+0##$&("#0#'"<1",#,!$!.;!3'<##(.&(+#0&(+(",#5!""#0((# -0#"#B"0",#",#0,#0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
&'!.'%.!&5&(+&("#0#'"!"
",#0!"# E>!'",#!--#..!("7$# #($!(",!$;0(+.30#"!&(#$",#!51("
&( F1#'"&(> !' '1%, !' -#0 #+"&!<.# ('"015#(" %"> ",# 0#'-($#("@-.!&("&
!.'+"'#0/#$",#!--#..!("7$# #($!(";&",!.#+!.
("&%#$!"#$
;&",!0#F1#'""0#"10(",#.!(!51("!.(+;&", &("#0#'">;,&%,;!'$1.30#%#&/#$<3,&5><1"&(7'-&"# ",!"",#!--#..!("7 #($!(",!$ !&.#$"0#"10(",#.!(!51(">,#(%#",&''1&" "&%# ",#'1&";!'+&/#("",#$# #($!("7!--#..!(">;, !--#!0#$!($ &.#$;0&""#('"!"#5#(""!C&(+-0#.&5&(!03<*#%"&('",!"",# 0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
,!'(%!1'# !%"&(" &.#",#0&+&(!.'1&"!'",# 0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
,!'("%5#"",#%10";&",%.#!(,!($'!($,#,!' '1--0#''#$",#0#!. !%"' 05",&'%10"( !%"",#0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
&'
01((&(+!%55&''&(!+#(%3',-1($#0",#(!5#!($'"3.# @2&*!3
415!0 !($ (' !" ',- AG> #; 0!&( !0C#"> 4!-10",!.! ,# !--#..!("7$# #($!("1'#$"'#..,&'!+0&%1."10#-0$1%#!"",#! 0#'!&$ ',- ",#0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
"",#"&5# 5!C&(+-!35#(" ",# !+0&%1."10!. -0$1%# ",# !--#..!("7$# #($!("> ",# 0#'-($#("@-.!&("&
1'#$"<"!&(",15<&5-0#''&( ",#!--#..!("7$# #($!("(/!0&1'
<.!(C-!-#0'> 05'>'"!5--!-#0'0#+&'"#0#"%(",#-0#"#B" #("0&#'&( ",#&00#%0$,#!--#..!("@$# #($!("&(+$ !&",1'#$"-1",&'",15< &5-0#''&( !" ",#&('"!(%# -.!&("&
70#'-($#(" #'-($#("7-.!&("&
1'#$"&''1#'5#*7 05'!($ '5#4!%,,&!0%,&"",#!--#..!("7 #($!("";!0$'-!0"-!35#(" !+0&%1."10!.-0$1%# ",#!--#..!("7 #($!(";#/#0>&(",#3#!0
A>",#!--#..!("7$# #($!("'.$,&'
!+0&%1."10#-0$1%#"",#0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
0!(!51(" ' > G> 0 ;,&%, ",# 0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
$1.3 &''1#$ ! 705> <1" ",# -!35#(" ",# '!5# ;!' (" 5!$# " ",# !--#..!("@ $# #($!(" <3 0#'-($#("@-.!&("&
,#!--#..!("@$# #($!(""&5#!($!+!&(0#F1#'"#$",# 0#'-($#("@-.!&("&
"5!C#",#-!35#("><1"",#0#'-($#("@-.!&("&
C#-"
(.&(+#0&(+((#-0#"#B"0",#",#0><1"$&$("5!C#",#-!35#(" ."&5!"#.3> ",# !--#..!("7$# #($!(" '"--#$ '#..&(+ ,&' %0- " ",# 0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
10&1' 05",&' !%">",#0#'-($#("@-.!&("&
,!$
!<0&%!"#$",#0&+&(!.-0("#!($0#%#&-"!($ &.#$",#-0#'#("'1&"!+!&('"
",# !--#..!("@$# #($!(" :,#0#!'> ",# !--#..!("@$# #($!(" ,!$ (#/#0 #B#%1"#$!(3-0("#!($0#%#&-"&( !/10 ",#0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
(0 #/#0<"!&(#$!(3.!( 050#'-($#("7-.!&("&
/&$#'!&$-0("#!($ 0#%#&-">0!",#0",#0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
&'.&!<.#"5!C#",#-!35#(" ",#
7 05$!"#$ 7
A"",#!--#..!("7$# #($!("";!0$''!.# ,&'
!+0&%1."10#-0$1%#,#0#'-($#("7-.!&("&
,!$-0#-!0#$",#-0("#!($ 0#%#&-" &( %((&/!(%# ;&", '%0&<# !($ 5!0+&(!. ;&"(#''#' ( 5#0&"> 0#5!&(&(+!..!/#05#("',!/#<##($#(&#$!($.!'".3!-0!3#0 0$&'5&''!.
",#0&+&(!.'1&",!'<##(5!$# A #-.&%!"&( ;!' &.#$ 05 ",# -.#!$&(+' ",# -!0"&#'>
..;&(+&''1#';#0# 0!5#$67 :,#",#0",#-.!&("&
&'#("&".#$"0#%/#0",# -0&(%&-!.!51("
05",# #($!("=
:,#",#0",#-.!&("&
&'#("&".#$"&("#0#'" '!" ;,!"0!"#!($";,!"#B"#("= :,#",#0",#'1&"&'("5!&("!&(!<.#&(",# -0#'#(" 05= A :,#",#0",#-.!&("&
,!'+"(.%1''"!($&!($ %!1'# !%"&(" &.#",#-0#'#("'1&"= :,#",#0",#-.!&("&
,!'("%5#"",#10" ;&",%.#!(,!($'= #.&# ,#-!0"&#',!/#.#$",#&00#'-#%"&/##/&$#(%#(",#! 0#'!&$ &''1#',#"0&!.10"!
"#0!--0!&'!. ",##/&$#(%#$&'5&''#$",#'1&"
",#-.!&("&
/&$#*1$+5#("!($$#%0##$!"#$A
##.&(+!++0&#/#$>",#-.!&("&
-0# #00#$&0'"!--#!. 0$#0 ,#.#!0(#$$$&"&(!.&'"0&%"1$+#>!"#,!<!$/&$#*1$+5#("!($$#%0## $!"#$
!.'$&'5&''#$",#!--#!. ",#-.!&("&
"&.. ##.&(+ $&''!"&'
&#$ ;&", ",# !
0#'!&$ *1$+5#("' !($ $#%0##'> ",# -0#'#(" 0#+1.!0 '#%($ !--#!. ,!' <##( $&0#%"#$ <3 ",#
-.!&("&
@!--#..!(" ,#!--#..!("&(-!0!+0!-, ",#+01($' !--#!.>,!'
5#("&(#$",!" ..;&(+'1<'"!("&!.F1#'"&(' .!;,!/#!0&'#(&(",# -0#'#("0#+1.!0'#%($!--#!.67 & :,#",#0",#*1$+5#("!($$#%0##$!"#$
!($A
!0#&..#+!.>!0<&"0!03!($;&",1" *10&'$&%"&(= && :,#",#0",#0#'-($#("@-.!&("&
&'#("&".#$"0#%/#0 ",#!51(" '>G?>
05",#!--#..!("= &&& :,#",#0",#0#'-($#("@-.!&("&
&'!1",0&H#$".#($ 5(#3;&",1",!/&(+.&%#('# 0",#'!5#= &/ :,#",#0",#!--#..!(",!'#B#%1"#$-0("#$!"#$
)= / :,#",#0",#9$10"'<#.;,!/# !&.#$"#/!.1!"# ",##/&$#(%#(0#%0$= /& :,#",#0",#0#'-($#("@-.!&("&
!0#.&!<.#"-!3 !(!51(" ' 7 G"!--#..!("!+!&('"",#7 05 $!"#$
A= /&& :,#",#0",#0#'-($#("@-.!&("&
!($;&"(#''#'!0# <1($'<3",#!$5&''&('5!$#<3",#5= &&& :,#",#0.!; #'"--#.&'!--.&#'"",#0#'-($#("'= &B #.&# G 9#!0(#$%1('#. 0",#!--#..!(",!''1<5&""#$",!"'1&" ",# -.!&("&
&'("5!&("!&(!<.#&(!'51%,!'(5(#3.#($&(+.&%#(%#,!' <##(-0$1%#$<3",#-.!&("&
(",#!<'#(%# ",#5(#3.#($&(+.&%#(%#> ",#'1&" 00#%/#03&'("5!&("!&(!<.# ,!/#%!0# 1..3%('&$#0#$",#'!&$'1<5&''&(<1"$(" &($ !(3 0%#&(",!"'1<5&''&(
?
(%!'#>55&''&(+#(".#($'5#!51("",&'%1'"5#0> &"$#'("!51(""5(#3.#($&(+<1'&(#''(",#/&..!+#'>&"&'!%1'"5 ".#($5(#3"<#!$*1'"#$!"",#"&5# '!.# %0-( !%"",!"!51("
&'+&/#(&(!$/!(%#&(!("&%&-!"&( '!.# %0-,!""0!('!%"&(%!(("
<#'!&$"<#!(35(#3.#($&(+"0!('!%"&(,#%!'# ",#-.!&("&
&'
<!'#$1-(-0("#!($0#%#&-"$!"#$
),#-.!&("&
,!'-0/#$ ",# $1# #B#%1"&( !($ -!''&(+ "0!('!%"&( ",01+, ",# -0("# !($ 0#%#&-",#'"!($"!C#(<3",#$# #($!("'&'",!"!51("&'-!3!<.#<3",# -.!&("&
" ",# $# #($!("' &( 0#'-#%" '!.# ",# -0$1%# <1" ( $%15#("!03#/&$#(%#&(",&'0#+!0$,!'<##(-0$1%#$>",#%(%100#("
&($&(+ !%" 0#%0$#$ <3 <", ",# 10"' <#.; ",!" -.!&("&
,!'
!$/!(%#$!(!51("
@7 ()
)&'<!'#$1-(%+#("
#/&$#(%#,#0#&'(",&(+(",#0#%0$"',;",!"'!&$ &($&(+&'",# 0#'1." 5&'0#!$&(+!($5&'&("#0-0#"&(+",##/&$#(%#(",# &.# ,# #($!(",!' !&.#$"-0/#",!"-.!&("&
;#!(3!51(""",#$# #($!("
&(0#'-#%" '!.# ,&'-0$1%#>,!/#(,#'&"!"&(&(,.$&(+",!"( F1#'"&( .!; ,!' !0&'#( &( ",# -0#'#(" !--#!. !($ ",# '1<'"!("&!. F1#'"&(' .!;5#("&(#$!</#$("#B&'"!"!.. A ('#F1#(".3>",#-0#'#("!--#!.&';&",1"!(35#0&"!($",# '!5#'"!($'$&'5&''#$ %-3 ",&'*1$+5#("<#'#(""",#"0&!.10" 0'"0&%"
%5-.&!(%#
!" !