Bakhtawar & Anrs v. Ram Partap & ORS
!
"#$% & '
'(''' )!&$% *+ ,-.
/"0," '''1122 34
1," '''
15 $'
'(''' !$%$% *+ ,-.
/"0," '''1122 34
1," '''
15 ! "
#$%&' () *+!' +*,&-()./'
' 6"" 12211 7 2205"8459 :
$' 5" 1:
;' 6"""8459 "425 15"9:
-'""9902#(5<0" -'41#5<# "1122 ""112'
-'2="12#(5<0" -'(4 "9#5<# 15' ,&> ""112'
????? +*,&-( 7 " 5# 5 51 0 942 (5 112' )!&5 !$%$% *"
@4205 <2<5 ""112" #0"""< 25 "12<2(4'*!$%%;+"225A(4' B. 555C4D2 <2(4'*>;$%%E+"
5A(4'$B.'" 9/ (' )!&$% *'
0425 19< 1" '
/"0#(42- "95(4 22925(4' 2 952""7 "< 025 49 $;9"*0 707 5<118 5"7 !;*D;� 49 %;=2 -2#45"<4322925'0 1255""4117005 7-942 25("7 "#0"0"55 1'"25 0 9 42<5 7 " " 12 5 1 55# 27#- "5229"17 0#''#<8"-2/7="455 942<5"2
" %%7#0"""/0259"555" 5 " 0"2 025' " 44 5 4415 1 0"4 17 ' " 5 4 0 5 755' #$#&#E5)#''# 1#"4
-94F 2"# "#(85#050 (9"5" 9550155 1"< 5"0 #" 5"" "1251 55"< 1 "4117# 4"10271 <5" 2 5<1272292# 44845"7 20##"40 2' 04"5""4117290"" 1170<5" 7""5""51< "'"5""#"-945("7 "
0 0"4117'("7554 55#"4#55"< 745"117<5-945#"4#4DD -94"0"4117'9#" - " 5 22# 0 2 " 5 3229 ="2# -"59"# 0" 0 " 27 " 5 "5 22 42< 22550 2"2<2"55"0 /0"#0"9<"1 <1"4117# "4# " 1 " 12 0 " 0# 4 27 1 <' 49" 54#"4DD -9425(4'$/9 1"4117'" 54#/"0#(42- "5(4 22250 5/41"125<1 5 2 25 " 4 2 # # " 5 / 7 " 55"1<440"45"1259 " 4 0 " 5' 0<# " 4 2 # 0 1227495""7"< 0"4117 707 5<11 5"8 5"7 !
;*D;&# ="0 ';$C$!
112'$> $% $259" #" 5 5' -'"" 9902# 25 ( 42 5 -'415<#119 "2"1122D12 (4' 555D4 D42 (4'$# "" 112#411"#5"22094
.
" 4 20 "<
5 22927 5 1<798 5G';C;"7 !$)D$!##"<" 155 5" 54 7 9 " 05 A@5B 4"5# 0" 1 " 7 <4 # 05 A@5B 2929"'"7" 5 8 5 "5 0 A" -2/ <8" @5B'411"#""5" 7 <4 #0""05A@B A2929"B'
.
"15D1242<9"25" 4"55"1122"<5"4 $/225 9 '';;#=22'>�""0 "/0259'"12557 8<D D<9"4"549""1# 0""" 44#2954415H .
"78 5"7 !$)D$!# "
"4 20"<95"8 5"7 !;*D;& $%%)D%!# 0"" "0 " " " 58 5A""-2/<8"
@5B50"8 5"0A22I9-2/
="45BH 5.
"12(4'$"<1255"" 1 " 1122 0 44"5 "49"4# "" 1255"04"55254
794"7$%%;#"4#"4 5 0 2# 4 9 " / 94 #"49"5 9""< 14 5"""59<"1 <1 95"- "522#"2# 9 12
/ 3#G"5""#0"55 "7 !;*5<"-945("755;E 5 E7 /5"49"422" #"0 2 41 " 15DD -94'"G1A22 I9B 2 7 5 " 05 A="45 -2/B 0425 " " 1122 0 9 " 2< 0 " 1175""49"40"/02595 5#"4#"20</5"5" "H .
1 "< / / 1 " 117 " $75#"4#"11 2 E& " I "5 <5 0"1 " 1 "49"4 "5 29# 4415544"/0259"12 <2(4'$# 4"2
"05 A@5B 411# 95<1
4 " <47#0""5"4
""8 5"7 !;)D;!+G'
D$.# !*$D*; +G'
;.# !&%D& +G'
*. "< "0 A"5-2/"5I9-2/="45B5<" 8 5G'
&#G'
E#G'
>#G'
)5G'
!"7 !*ED*># !&*D&&# !&!DE%# !E)DE!5 !>;D>*#"
5A"522I9-2/="45B'"7 8 5G';#02 155
5 7" 4 20A"" -2/<8"
@5B0425<7"2<4"12 (4'$H .
"1207/" 44254<12'
"12"<25<""1" 1122#"5""#"5 44"5'
3DD<"1255 #""5 08459 #''#
!5
62273 8 5
352- !87!!095<"8459 "4 :538 8 5622 33 #; - 0 !!878 44 5"05A-4B
27 41 25 5 27 15 7717 #"2< 24 " <4 5# 0425 7#"4# 9-404255 4 " 1122 " 4 0425 41H
9 9.
3DD< " 12 5< 1# " 25 42"5"220920 .
13 < 622 +2=8
90
! !878 04- %58
35 .8
35 5 &2
35622 238.8
35 5&2- !!878 00- !5 .22
352 622 >8
1- + 0 1 >?
40 5""701 <#"1 2074"274 @41 "512 9 40 254"1112749" 117 2/40514227 0""1122#0"1#"<5 "4"/0259""5#0" 252921590""15 $ 7# "4# " 1 # " 1
4 240"1'"05A22I9 ="2 -2/B 24 '! 8 5 <411#5"1' (9424225#"#"5# "
570425 2<"595 0425112727117454 5 0" 95 " 94242 25' 3DD< 9424225#27"<40425<2 1#5<15" 58 5"<27"0"
1 " 1122 -2/ ="45# # "7 "< 9 " 2< 0#0""0"/02595 "12(4'$'"725/1 0""4715 $7512 E&# " 1122 "< " 0 " 117 7075<1H ".
411"#""2 12#2542"5"2209 20 5=3<25;.78622%5 35
35- 9 1&( 044- 0"" " 55 727941"8459 -5 9" 4 !58
352 6 >835==-+0 23DD<" 1277#2541"<" 55* 2:5
352622 @8
8 !
==8228
18
8 3;-7 .3= 3-/ 7 = 3 #;
352-0 ! 878 5""14 14"" 7 " 8 5# 4 " 7 7 "<9115"<450"47 55254 @4# 2/55#"4#17"" 2209 4 2@4 20
5 7"4 .
6"""1122"< 0 7 07 5< 1 <0 " 29# 25# 4415# 1421# 4"2"< 21< 4155:
.
6"""G1A22I9 -2/="45B1"555 4225 4 %58
35$2 2 2 -24 '!8 5#"0 "441"1 5<1:
.
6"" " 4 20 "<
15 5 5 " <4 5#14227G'; 759" 05A@B4"55292:
"""5#-'2="12#25(42 5 7-'(4 "9#5<#119 "215 ' 5&>D55(4' 512(4'$# 411"#"5"22094
.
" 05 A" -2/B 1 " 27 452 5 <4 "259 7 9" 1<29#"9"2 #1<29#117'" 5"4 J/D5#','25979"1<29#"9" 2 #1<29#117B
"4# 22450""1 "112201 <45 759" 05A"-2/<8@5B0"2#0425
"1"11220"2599"
00"""05#"#" 1122/41"125<1H .
"1259"0 " 5# "57"22955<1# 0"50""5"1"5 5<'411"#2541 $5* (4'$#0"" 12271255"" 1"1122"5 44"5 729 "4" "
#$%%;H .
2 7"< 5"5" "# 4"12 <5 5<1' 1"4 " 2#"4
""12(4'$5/ 2 0"95"4""4$/2 25 9 '';;#=22'>&H <.
I2 5<1H <.
1"8 5G'
>#G'
$5G'
;#" 7 959 " 2 # 0"" / " 1 " 1122 1 < 5# "4# " 1 <1< 724G "22 4"5 ' 411 " # " " 5 4158459 "4
09 4 #
352 622 *5 .58 >1
83;-.58 - 555;%' %'$%%!#0" "G1A"-2/B" 551 "49"00""5"G1A08 4B51"141 /9"25 42< 2' " 2 5 8459 55 /; 125 .8:2583622.8=!5
35- =!
3!224-0"" "25 "52 1"721#<"09 "222 2"2 2 75< 1#"4# 252 "2"0"22#"4#"4 <7 1 2 " A5 238383B 5452E&" I '"4"5"8459 55 #=>8 ,5>8 (3 622 %58:5?58 <5 ?58 #8> 352- !!878 5" 9"111727429"# 4 "4 9" 2# "# " 20 5< 1 0""40" 0"2 2#229250"227511'"4#" 125<1@4520'" 1 2 9 " 5< 1 4 "0 " 220995 .
6"0"4"1H
.
6"""4 10/0 "17H .
029"1"45H5 <.
1015454 5'
-'="12"25"8459
:8622 6 ;= 2- 9 !!878 9 5" 4155"95 5<1' 2"119"25 "@4 4#"15115
'25%2 3<
35 55&2
352622%5 8 5
352-0 ! !878 0-+
8622==
35- =!
3!224 5 / C 58?622 /= 1
5;3 68 835
35- 0
!!878 90" 2H <.
3DD<1292 12#5 55 7 " 4 >83 < 622 %C8
<-+41 >?
#; 0 42#-'""99024
"0"1 2<"45"<25<5#"4207520" "11##22"12D1525"4 $%%E#27 $7# 44 47"<2155#"4# 24G # " 12 "< 55 " 9" 2 " 1# # "7"< 55 " 292 9"<DD< 0"1'411""<"<5"
25451422702"425 5
0 45# 595#5"220920 .
?8==
352622% 5=
352-4 !0D
1125 33=
;
35 622 E2 13 32&3 - 1&(0 !
"<"5"2542"15115 "11 /5 "<0""1125< 2205' "12(4'$"<1255""1 " 1122 44"5
# $%%; 0" " 4 /9 52 " "7 "< 0 7 07 5< 1 "5 25' "49"4# " 1255 " " 1"1122"5 1 <""59<" 1 <1"25514 -94#- "5 22' 5"""555"7 !;*'1 55542254 7"45022"-59"
4# 4"2"1<(&$" 1 ""212 0"9D25"D 2' 2# 4"2" 29"'"1 < 1G94"5"5 "'
""1" '<-945("7 "555;E5 E7 /'1"< //1 "117549"2 '22"8 5#5 <# ''#G'
#G'
$#G'
;#G'
*#G'
&#G'
E#G'
>#G'
)5G'
!
"0""1"11220-2/="45#''#2 0'1"55542254 %58
35$2 2 2 #" "25""4A22I9="2-2/B
24 '!8 555<1'22I9 ="2-2/7195<1# 4 "0""110 295177 4 "55" 20'(4"70425 45< 190"19""1122'"1122 554241"125#"#" 1"1122 1 <' I/9 22 92# "49"4 22 " 7# " 12(4'$"</71/"1" 1175"1122"< 49"117 79 " 5#"4#""<45"0" A="45-25B'
"12-'="12""05 A"-2/B 0425 "49" 0 0" " 5# "# " 1"1122"49"4"5 1 <5"25 25# 4"2 24"""2"5 5 75""#"#"20G0" "41" "42295"< 45
#$%%;#" 25'65A@5B1" 27 452 5 <4 A"259 7 9" 1<29# " 9" 2 # 1<29# 117# D2 " 5 A@5B 1 " <4 7 7 "02
2#0"05A@B1<52929"' 22<59 "G1A"-2/<8@5B#0425 A"259 9""11740B 422""<4 # 5 <#"0A-2/="45'
"5"K 2(41 40"95 G1A5<129 910"1B 452 *$"45"2< 5"I '1"G9202 #"5 5<1 / 7/9"52E&" I '("255149424225# 7<0# "12G5# "570425
2" 91259"42 "1"8 5" 7 !;*D;&#"1122"< 5<1'3DD<" 9424225#"<40""0425"0"42# 4451"721' 5" ""1"2 9"
4 5 " 1122 "< 42<9 " 25 " /0259#''#"1" 1#"2 4"" "7"<5"4""4$/225 9 ="0';;#=22'>&5"125577D 0
4"2 85" '"7708 5#0425 /07"41122-2/@'"<0 4115 7"55542254 * 2:5$2 2 2 "514"8459 552541 "2" 12# 4" """0'54 # 941"125<1#"1"1<" 220995H .
1#"2541H5 .
4155'
"<4# 7<0#2"4222 "
4 5 95 5 25 2 24 " " 1122"< 0 724G '
3DD< 942(5112' )!&$% *#0""" "5 2<2(4'*!$%%;#''#(4' # <0#"452/95<1 2 59"27#" 5 5 7 ""4 20'"4#" 5955 7 ""4 20592741"25'
3DD<<2(4'*>;$%%E#''#(4'$/19 <0 " 5 59# " <0 " " 59 55 7 ""4 204 2"720
""4 20"<5" 5# 4"2 "<5"54 11<55"05 A@5B4"552929"#"4#"229275 1<7"595" " 7D5'5927# <2(4'*>;$%%E#''#(4'$/91"4 117" 75 5'"4#4 2@4' 5$ 05<4"1122D55512(4'*! $%%;#''#(4' 54 2@4';05<4 "15D1259"1122D55' "11294<2(4'*!$%%;#''#(4 ' 5 5#0""11294<2(4'*>; $%%E#''#(4'$2205##<2(4'*>;$%%E 5 5'
. =?35- +*,&
=25 ()./'