Gurraj Singh And Another v. State Of Punjab And Others
!
"# "
! $!% !& "# "
& '( "
) ) )
! "#$!%&'($#)
#'
(*# %&'($# +(!,(
-.#'/# #!% , /&'($##.% #0 11111 ) )
"
"
/'(- !2#(&#/
&$('&!3( 0/ ' (+ $( 456 (+ ! !##/# # #- #-!# #!#% 5758% !#+0 +	 :%!,,(!#0+.&0/! ,( +( ;
#! (+ (5<7 &#& =5575>% & $( 4?5@%6?@%5A?5@%=?8@%=7%5=A%586%85=B $(586#&85=#&&& .#(C(+!!##/# /#/# #!#%5758%(.$ #(#.( % $ # #?
(!#.@ 5
!..!+#$D +(D$(&#!#!#0(' D(& $#D(0 (!#D(+!# '"+(+ #!
* D# "##&0/!#0('#D&$(D,.##!#(<5575>%!
5 !#&'&!,!"#D./#&, !#D#%"!(.'&!( (5>8% $(58% " / $.#' *!##% $ (!#. $$(& ( $(D,.##!,!"!#&, $!#&#(!,.(%,.( (86 #& #!2 !( #&!"## $( $(! ,("!$!!#& #.#&/#$!&(+( &#(.'.$$(& ($(D,.##(65575> !D( !#.( "!!,!"#&!"+ !#!#!#& ((! #0('D(&,.(%"!!$( $("#,( 8
"#+ !#.. &0/!$(D,.##!###0( 777 % 6= -(",($#D!#&#&!
. +.!/#0 (!D% "!!/"#+(D#&#$%+(..("&0/###$- ,(!D"!! !., (+ 0$-0# $$(& ( $(D,.## ( (+ ! #0('D(& ##.#"##D&"!#,#&#&(!"!$-,$(D,.## "!!%!,!"#&!,!"E"+&( #"#/+(D!,(( #'!D.'%!/" ( &&0/!#0('#D&##.##&# ## . "#.# $!& ,( !D$$(& ( $(D,.##!#0(' D(&## .%!!#& ++&
(!!#&#&.+#D"!! !.,(+!#,(0 $ > !$(D,.##+ !#&!#!&#'( ( #"#/ +(D!,((#'!.++(D!$.
$!(+##.#%!+..&("#& !#+%!##.## &!,!"%!"+#&!.#0( "(- (!,(!$(D,.##+ ! 0D&!#!/!#&$#D&+(!., #& !#+% ##.# +.& +(D ! ,( $$(& ( $(D,.##% !#+%!"# (#&D&!!(,#.0/#+&(+!,!"#& !#!#D(+!,(%"!(!#&.# $!&##$- ,(!D" #
8 !((+ $!# !$#/ #,#&#& $!# !$#/ !!#, (0 $ 4
!$#(+!,($ (!#'"(+#0('D(& #D+(D#. (+!$#"#.(& &#&!' #(#- , A !,,(!#0+.&0/!,(# #"!(D !##.. #(!#!/" D#.+.$
(! ,((+$(D,.##"!!!.,(+,#&#&!#,& &(0 $ <
#& 6
!# 0 $(&& ( 0!#.+ (+ ! ,( !# ! ,(#($%"!(!#'($(DD&#/(++$$$(& ( .#&$( .+(!,(+#$($&%###&0/! $(D,.##%!#&'#-,.#$#&!#"!#((, F! ,((,#"#/"!!.#&&,(,/%#+#.$#!#0,.#&
,(!,("!!!.,(+$(D,.## !#0+ !$(&& 0/.#&$( .+(!,(!#+#$!,$(+.#&%"!! $( $(0/!,!"(+$(D,.##"#0 #&0.( &(! ,(%#&!#(!0#(+(D+( &&($ D#&'.(,#D./ H# "# '.(,'I&E!#&#-&$.#D('!#0('D(& ,$(+.#&0/!(" #,.( (86$$(& (.#&$( .+( !,(!#0('D(&&'.(,!#& ((!2!#! +( &! # (+,( (5(&($ D,( $&(!#'0 &0/!,(##$(+( .$$+#'( (+#0(' #D&&'.(,!.#&$( .+(!,(!#+ !$(&& !#"!!,($#D(-("#0( !#0('D(&+( /% !/DD&#./+.&#$(D,.#0+(!,(.$#&##$(; $(+
> #0('D(& %! #&(+G H# "# '.(,'I&E
&$#.$ (&/ =
#&&((#0('%!.#&$( .+(!,(!# #.($(&&!#"! #&(#0('D(&,$(+.#&'#$'. !#0+.&0/!,( (5%#&!#0('D(&$'. % !.#&3( !# &#
$((&%0 &,
$((& ,#& 0/ ! .#& 3( ! ,!" (+ $(D,.## & ( # $( $(! ,(,.#&$( .+(!,("! #&( #0('D(&'(.#((+(&(+!3( %!,(!##.#&/0 D('&0+(!3( 7 J!.0#- ,(!#0('D(&+#$#&$$ D#$ (+!$#%!.#&$( .+(!,(!## &!#! ;
(!#0.(& &(!0#(+(2%+#.#&D# #/ ( &%#&!#(
/%"!#('%"#'+.$&0/!,(
,(!,((+$(D,.###&!#$('#$"!,(.$(++$#.# +#.$#!#0,.#&# #!D/$.#D !#!#0('D(& (! 0 ##0 (+,($(+.#"%!.#&$( .+(! ,(!# &+(!2$(+2#(&#/
&$('&! 3( #&;
#!(+ %!.#& #$( .!#$(&&!#! !;
(!#0.(& &#!#$(+$(D,.##%"!(!#& ++&
!$&%#&!#!D(/(+$(D,.## D!# '
"! #&(
/ ++&0/!#& ./ ,,(&#&$((0(#&0/! D&$#.'&$ !##.(0$(&&0/.#& #$( .!#' +!$(((+,(;
#!+#$!#!/#("(+!#0('#&
4 ,$(+.#&%"!$( $("#0 #&%(!##(&,#&0/ 3'.3( "#+#'( (+!,(%'!&&(D#!#! ,(!#& (# !(+.$
(!,((+!# '%! $(D,.##$$(& (.#& #$( .'+!#&(+,( "! #&('(.#((+
$((&,#&0/!3( #$$,&( 0 (+#$'#.
%!,(!#& ((.$$(+.$
/( !,((+$(D,.##J!.$.#D !#!($(,+(2$(+ 2#(&#/
&$(!#$#%!#0$(&&0/.#& #$( .!#!,,(&'(&(+D#&&'&D#. 5 !$(&!#0, &$#+ ../ 8 $#+ ., #.(+$(&!("!#!,$#!(. ( &#-0/!,(!#!/#("(+!,(,/%"!! $( $("#0 #&0/ !,!"(+$(D,.##% #&!# '(.#((+(&,#&0/!3( !$(D,.###&!,!"" # $( $( (' ! #0('D(& ,(,/ ( ! #- (+ # D%'+!#0('D(&#&(+!,(#-(0 %#, #.(+ !("!##.. #(# #!,(#"! #&($# (+
/"!!!.,(+!#,& &"#,((!0(&/(+ $(D,.##!#0('D(&#.. #(0 .#&(#! $#% !0/!.&!#!&, "! #&(("!,(+!,.(;
(!# (! (&("!!$(DD((+#.. &(++$%#&D/(,(! (&,#&0/!3( !3'. "! #&(
$(!#( 0# (!,$# > J! #&(,##D+(;
#! (+ !.'#.#" !#0.#&&("0/! (E0. ,D3( (+ &#!$#(+
A
*+ ,-+
!.
+ / $%/$ /"
(/"
"
)/+/ .
+*+ + */ + +!
/*
! ,!
,2,!+3 44+3
"55 .
#1!#,$0&! &. "!! $#0;
#!&!,$,.#!# @(.$!#!# (/ !#&& / &!.'#,('( (+!3(&(+3D#.($& $(#&3!#,K (+ !3(&(' #(#$( F#0.(++$L @3( "( .&(!"##/' #((!$( F#0. (++$L @ (./$#"!($( F#0.(++$((++$(+#/ -&&$.(&!++(D#(,(!#!3( "..
(,D#' #(( ((L '@ ! ,(" (+ ;
#! !( .& 0 2$& ,# ./ "!
$$ D,$(%#!#0(0'&%!G#(+#$# ?((0$(+ &"!!+(D#(!$(2(+&#! ,#./@L '@ J!.2#D # H$(D,.#%;
#! (+"!$!( !% !$( $#(D0#- ,(#;
/#(!.#0./( ( (!" (+ ! #.. #( D#& ! H$(D,.#L '@ 3D#.,($& ( !((0$ .&#!#.# L '@ M #! (+#$(D,.#H !( .&0#2$,(#!!## (&#/ .L '@&#./%!$( #0#&+(D , !
&$((+ !,(.$%$!"(( #(+! #(,#"(,$+$ ,!(+#$'#&(( !((#&('!(! ,!L 2@ !+ $((+!
&$#/#&!,(.$#$(D,.D#/% (('.#,, L
< 2@ #'2$,(#.$#"!(+$"( .& . D$## (+
$%!3( #&!
&$#.,($!( .&( +#!# (+' #((+(++$L 2@ 2#(&#/#&!,("(+!3( &(($(+# #0#/
&$((!3( (#$#$$(& ("!D( $#,$L 2@ !++(D#(,((#$/$.(,#&#"!$!D &$.( #.. +#$ #& &#. .# ( ! (++$ ,(& !+(%"!!' #(0/!,(.$,( %! $( !( .&( ((!D(+!#.. #(! (.$D 0,D&($(D,.!' #( "( .&0 ,D# (,(( $!$($.
(0#&(!#F/+#$!#! $(D,.#H &( ( &' ( 0 ' #& ( !# #D( (#0 (+,($(+.#"+' #(%+! ' # (++$ +& !# ! ( 0#$ ! #,,.$#(D#&0/!$(D,.##%!' # (++$D#/ +.##,,(,#,(H DD#/0+(!.#& # # "!$!D#/0$(&&0/!.#& # ##$$(&#$ "!!-(",($& L 2@!,(" & $(>6533'/"&%0 $(+D (+"&,(";
!$( (0D($# ( $## (( #&D(&. & /(!$( L 2'@ ("'%#!#DD%!$( %+!-+% #&0 !#&(!,##D(+;
#! #&!.+#D,(&0/ .#"%D(,#$ .#./!,##D.#&&("0/!3( !$#(+*#, #&!# #I#.%!#!
&$(( ;
#!! H$(D,.#L 2'@J!#,#/+(;
#! ! D#&0/!#.. &#$$ & #&!$( "!2$ !,(" & $(>65 33%(./!#($(&"!!!#.. #(! &$.($(DD((+#$( F#0.(++$((!$(
6 (;
&($(&(D"!!((!D(+! #.. #(D#-( #$( F#0.(++$#&!$( !#( ,D!' # # $/H,(.$(' #!#.. #( ! L 2'@!#+(#&,##D"( .&0#,,.$#0.#&H(!#+(#& #,$#;
&(0$(&&0/! !3( "!. ,# #D(&#;
#! ,(2$(+ ,(" & $(>6533#&H( &$.55A(+! 3( ( (+ &# ("'% # D (& (+ #/ (+ ' #(& !,&$/(+!;
#! ,($#0 ,#&"!$$ D,$( $!#D(&!( .&( ;
( 0 ,#& ( ./% $# #../ #&H( D$!#$#../
(D#../%"!!' #(,( #&!+#$# !#F/#&!'&$HD##.(0+(! !3( % ! !3( !( .&#.++(D,# !D(& (+((#(9($($',(0#&(,&:#&! #$$ &!( .&0. #&(#,,./+(#$,#(/0#. & $(>86330+(!$(D,$( ! !3( !#..(#&# $!(
+&,# !(&(+(( ##&H(9($($',:!& !' #(( .. ! ' #( $(D,.& #&H( .. ! +#. ,(H$!# ! +.& & $( <8 33% "!. &D H&,( (+!;
#! ,( & $(>65 33#&H( &$.55A(+!3( ((+ &#L 2'@'#$#"!! !3( ,D#+#$(+!(,( !##2$,(#.$#D#&( +( #(+D#/(+ + !' #(%#+$(& !0(#&,##D"!. 2$ !,(" & $(>6533#&H( & $.55A(+!3( ((+ &#+&(!#0('%!
!3( !#( '0+#("!/ $!#D(& "##&#&H(;
&(0,#&(!#$#&D(# !#,,.$#((+D&0/!3( #&!! !+( D$#
= $(&"!#"#" !&"!! !3( "!.,# $!#D(&L 2'@J!'#D(&,#&0/! !3( (+9( $($',(0#&(,&:"!!#+(#&,##D%!
!3( D $.#+/"!#&(D#0/9($($',( 0#&(,&:#!D9($($',(0#&(,&:$#0 #&(0(('# #&H(0(#&"!$!$#0D &((& #&H(D#,,.& 4
!$#(+G
61 !
(E0. ,D3( (+ &##+'" .# D0 (+ $# ( ! ;
( (+ ;
#! (+ !# ,$0& !
&."!! $#0;
#!&!,$,.#L @ J!!#.. #(D#&! +(D#(,((! $(D,.#%'+!/##-#!+#$'#. #&#$$,& !/&((,D#+#$$( #/(++$(D#-( #$## #!#$$ & @ J!!#.. #(! +(D#(,(#&(! D##.% + #/% #$$(D,#/ ! &( ( &$.( # $( F#0.(++$%
+/ #' #(0/,(.$(++$
& $(4A?@(+!3(&2$, &#(&(+#
# #"!!, '"(+ $(44?5@(+!3(& @J!! $(('&#.. #(D#&! ($(D,.# #&!'&$$(..$& ,,((+!#D&((&$.( !$(DD((+#/(++$#&D#-( #$## #! #$$ & '@ J!%!#.. #(! &(($( #$( F#0. (++$ 0 $( (./ # ($( F#0. (++$% ( ' #(,D&0/#,(.$(++$"!( #(&(+#
# ##$(D,.#&& $(44?5@(+!3(&
7 '@ J!!#.. #(D#&! ($(D,.##(#0 & #&!./D,(0#0.(!0#(+"!$!(, &,( $#'#$!#
$($.
(!#! ++$ ( &+( ,($& # #!#$$ & '@ J! ! # 2, . #. 0# #+& #/ (+ ! ,('( (+ ! 3(& ( ! $($& $ ? &"!$! # $D#.,($& &@(! (#&$( #$ (+!,($& #&H("!!#,$+$,('(! 3(&(!$($&$%,('& ++$#$( &+(! '#$(+!# '&,#/ '@ J!#$D#.,($& D#+./#&&"!D#.#+& #&H( "! ! ,($& D#.$( ./ & "! #
.(D('+("#- ' #$(!#$$ &#&"!# '"(,!D& (,'##&,(#. & A D.#./ ! $# (+ ! " #
$ %&'()*1! (E0. ,D3( (+ &#!# .& !# ,(.$ ' #( !( .& 0 #..("& ( ,($& . 2$,(#.
$$ D#$"##'($$(& ( (E0. ,D3( (+
&# ! ! 3( !( .& ( + "! ! ' #( "! #.. #( &$.($( F#0.(++$ <
!$#(++, -
-./0 &'()*& 1! (E0. ,D3( (+ &#!# .&!#
&$( (+;
#! (+ !( .&02$&,# ./!G#(+#$#E , (E0. ,D3( (+ &##.. #( ($(D,.#D 0 #-#+#$'#.
#&#$$,&!/(#"!!!/&$.( #$( F#0.(++$ 6
!$#(++1 %
( $ # &'
()*21! (E0. ,D3( (+ &#!.&!#!3( !( .&(
$(& $#D#.#!# (+;
#! #&!#;
#! (+ !( .&0 #2$,(#&2$&,# ./#(+#$# ! (E0.
,D3( (+ &#!#+ !!.&!#3( $#(D0#- ,(# ;
/ # ( ! .#0./ ( (+ #.. #( D#& ! H$(D,.# =
!. !(+#0('D(&,$,.(+.#"0/#/$!(+ D# #(!+#$ #.D#2(+!$#&((.#&(#$($. (%!# +. (+ !$###0 (+,($(+.#"!
%D/(,(% !($(,+(2$(+2#(&#/
&$((+!3( ! D, &(& 57 #;
.(#0('D(&(0'#(%!0/!.&!# !,,(&'(&(+D#&&'&D#.!#D !0/&D&#$$(&
7) )
8 "# "
J!!,#- H#(& N J!!,(#0.
(