Ramandeep Kaur Randhawa v. State Of Punjab And ORS
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Faced with the above observations an affidavit dated 16.01.2026 has been filed by the State of Punjab through the Director,
-6Principal, Government Medical College, Patiala. The substance of objection to petitioner's claim is the use of word 'temporary' in the disability certificate as also the language implied in Section 2(s) of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 (hereinafter referred to as Act of 2016) which attaches the expression 'long term' with the nature of disability. The respondents, therefore, submit that in order to make out a case for appropriate protection under the Act of 2016, the disability must be shown to be permanent in nature. Since the certificate issued in favour of the petitioner's father is only for a period of two years, therefore, the petitioner cannot be treated as ward of a person suffering with disability. The respondents heavily relied upon the Division Bench judgment of the Jammu and Kashmir High Court in Sajad Ahmad Mir & others Vs. UT of J&K & others, 2025 AIR J&K 71. In the context of claim of disability the Division Bench observed as under in paragraphs 18 and 19 as under:
"18. Viewed in the aforesaid background, it is difficult for us to say that to avail the benefit of reservation for admission in professional institutions under the category of physically challenged persons, a candidate must have benchmark disability which is only of permanent in nature. A long-term disability, which may not have chances of variation in near future, could also be considered to be a disability suffered by a person seeking benefit of reservation.
19. We are in agreement with learned counsel for the petitioners that the Act does not make any distinction between a permanent or temporary disablement. However, we, on the analysis of different provisions reproduced hereinabove, have found that the purpose and object of providing reservation to the physically challenged persons
-7for admission in professional institutions is to provide such persons equal chances of participation in society with others. A disability temporary duration which has the chances of variation in degree in immediate future may not come within the definition of a person with benchmark disability. As we have noticed above, if we read Section 2(r) and 2(s) along with other provisions of the Act of 2016, the intent and object of providing reservation centers round permanent disability. This benefit is given to an individual who has to carry the weight of disablement through his entire life and the one who would be deprived of equal chances of participation in society.
The purpose and object of providing reservation, concessions and other facilities to the persons with disabilities would not be achieved if the benefit is given to the persons afflicted with temporary disablements which are likely to dissipate or reduce in degree with passage of time or with appropriate treatment. A person with temporary disablement also does not carry a stigma as is carried by a person suffering with permanent disability. If the benefit of reservation is held available even to the persons with temporary affliction of disability, not only the purpose and object of legislation would be defeated but also the benefit would be availed by the persons with such temporary afflictions at the cost of those who have suffered and are suffering permanent disablement with stigma in their life.
It is because of this reason, the concept of benchmark disability is coined for the purpose of granting the benefit of reservation only to the persons with permanent and long term disabilities. We are alive to a situation where the disability with forty percent or more is certified to be one which has the chances of variation in future.
-8candidate is a long-term disablement. However, in the absence of any guidelines on the issue, it would be difficult for us to say as to how long would be a 'long-term disablement'. We can only say that if the disability suffered by a person which meets the benchmark requirement of 40% is likely to subsist for more than ten years, it must be taken as long-term disablement and cannot be termed as temporary disablement so as to exclude such persons from the benefit of reservation."
3.
The respondents also contend that the Division Bench judgment of Jammu and Kashmir High Court was unsuccessfully assailed before the Hon'ble Supreme Court with dismissal of Special Leave to Appeal (Civil) No.15880 of 2025 vide order dated 26.08.2025. The order passed by the Hon'ble Supreme Court is reproduced hereunder:
"Delay condoned.
We have heard learned counsel, Ms. Vrinda Bhandari for the petitioners and learned standing counsel, Mr. G. M. Kawoosa for the respondents at length and on several dates. We are afraid that we are unable to grant any relief to the petitioners herein.
Hence, the Special Leave Petition stands dismissed. Consequently, the interim order stands vacated. Pending application(s), if any, shall stand disposed of. 4.
On behalf of the petitioner, reliance is placed upon the judgment of Delhi High Court in Bhavya Nain Vs. High Court of Delhi, 2020(2) SCT 590; judgment of Madhya Pradesh High Court in /,2$ /,2$ /,2$ /,2$ -.('/ %')' 34 -.('/ %')' 34 -.('/ %')' 34 -.('/ %')' 34 )2) ')@ )*2' ')* $%+/4& )2) ')@ )*2' ')* $%+/4& )2) ')@ )*2' ')* $%+/4& )2) ')@ )*2' ')* $%+/4& ,'44+* 2) /2$ /2$ /2$ /2$
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-9judgment of this court in Harneet Kaur Vs. Baba Farid University of Health Science, BFUHS, Faridkot, Law Finder Doc ID # 1298680 and judgment of Delhi High Court in Anmol Kumar Mishra (Minor) Vs. Union of India and Ors., 2021 SCC Online Del 5148. 5.
We have heard learned senior counsel for the petitioner and respondents and perused the material on record. 6.
The facts, as have been noticed above, are not in dispute. The father of petitioner has sustained a gunshot injury while in action and issuance of disability certificate to him is not disputed. We may also note at this stage that initially the certificate of disability was issued to petitioner's father on 03.09.2024 ))+D./+ B!in which the incident of gunshot injury sustained on 13.12.2023 with limited range of motion of left hip and left knee was diagnosed but in the subsequent part of the certificate, the disability was specified as temporary and in relation to his one arm. This fact has been noticed in our previous order reproduced hereinabove. It appears that when the disability certificate was produced the respondents objected to it as Clause (C) of the disability certificate dated 03.09.2024 ))+D./+ B!
was inconsistent with the findings recorded in Clause (B) thereof. This led to the petitioner seeking certificate dated 01.10.2025 ))+D./+ BG!& 0%2=% has been issued acknowledging the inadvertent error on part of the Chief Medical Officer, Ludhiana in issuing the earlier certificate dated 03.09.2024. It is also to be noticed that the defect was otherwise pointed out to the petitioner only on 30.09.2025 and it got rectified on the very next date i.e. 01.10.2025.
-107.
One of the issues raised is also the admissibility of the disability certificate on the ground that it has been obtained on a date subsequent to the last date of making of the application. 8.
In order to appreciate the respective submissions advanced, it would be worthwhile to note that the Act of 2016 is beneficial piece of legislation enacted to give effect to United Nation Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities and for matters connected therewith or exceptional death. The object which led to promulgation of the Act indicates that the United Nations General Assembly adopted in its convention on the Rights of the Persons with Disabilities dated 13th day of December, 2006 to evolve principles which would ensure respect for inherent dignity, individual autonomy etc. for persons suffering with disability and the object was to exclude non-discrimination and to secure full effective participation and inclusion in the society.
Respect for difference and acceptance of persons with disabilities as part of human diversity and humanity was also emphasized. Equality of opportunity accessibility; equality between men and women and respect for the evolving capacity of children with disability and respect for the right of children with disabilities to preserve their identities, was sought to be secured. India is a signatory to the said Convention and it is with the object of securing such rights for its citizens that the Act came to be promulgated.
9.
We have been taken through the Act of 2016 and the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Rules, 2017 (hereinafter referred to as Rules of 2017) by learned senior counsel for the petitioner to submit that the
-11Act is centered around disability of a citizen and the specification of disability nowhere talks of temporary disability. Section 2(r) and 2(s) would be of help in determining the issues raised in the present petition and are reproduced hereunder:
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Section 2(zc) refers to specify disability as being the disability specified in the schedule. The Schedule to the Act contains list of specified disability including locomotor disability. A perusal of the Schedule would indicate that physical disability on various counts as also disability in the nature of visual impairment; intellectual disability; mental behavior; disability caused due to chronic neurological conditions as well as multiple disabilities stand specified in it. The last clause of the Schedule permits the Central Government to notify any other disability as being a specified disability. It is not disputed that various other disabilities have also been included ever since the promulgation of the Act. In the disability specified, there is no reference to the term 'temporary'.
11.
At this juncture it would be relevant to refer to Chapter VII of the Rules of 2017 which talks of certificate of disability. Rule 17
-12refers to making application for certificate of disability. Rule 18 provides for issue of certificate of disability and while Rule 19 specifies that certificate issued under Rule 18 to be generally valid for all purposes. Rules 18 and 19 of the Rules of 2017 are reproduced hereunder: HJ44.+ =+/$2 2='$+ *24'62:2$AB ! )/+=+2,$ ') ',,:2='$2).)*+//.:+G&$%+(+*2=':'.$%/2$A/')A$%+/ )$2 2+*=(,+$+)$'.$%/2$A4%'::&<+/2 A$%+2) /('$2)'4 ,/<2*+*6A$%+',,:2=')$')*4%'::'44+44$%+*24'62:2$A2) $+/(4 $%+ /+:+<')$ ;.2*+:2)+4 244.+* 6A $%+ +)$/': <+/)(+)$')*'
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