Ashiwin S/O Baliram Kaple And Another v. Superintendent Of Police, Akola And 2 Others
2024:BHC-NAG:10747
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
NAGPUR BENCH, NAGPUR.
CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO. 299 OF 2024 1.
Ashwin S/o. Baliram Kaple, Aged about 33 yrs, Occ: Business, R/o. Near Shivaji Maharaj Statue Mothi Umari Akola, Tq. & Dist. Akola (Presently residing at C/o. Balu Barapatre, House No. 18-B, Mahavir Colony, Karanja Washim) 2.
Rohan S/o. Gajanan Ingale, Aged about 29 yrs, Occu: Business, R/o. Mahakali Nagar, Mothi Umari, Akola, Tq. & Dist. Akola (Presently residing at C/o. Balu Barapatre, House No. 18-B, Mahavir Colony, Karanja Washim) .... PETITIONERS // V E R S U S // 1.
The Superintendent of Police, Akola, Dist. Akola 2.
Police Station Officer, Police Station Civil Lines, Akola, Distt. Akola 3.
Divisional Commissioner, Amravati, District Amravati.
... RESPONDENTS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mr Rajnish Vyas, Advocates for the petitioners Mr Suraj Hulke, APP for the respondent No.1 to 3/State ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CORAM : G. A. SANAP, J.
DATE : 28/08/2024
O R A L
J U D G M E N T
:
Heard.
Rule. Rule made returnable forthwith. Taken up for final disposal with the consent of learned Advocates for the parties.
In this writ petition, the petitioners have questioned the correctness of the order dated 15.03.2024 passed by respondent No.3- the Divisional Commissioner, Amravati. Respondent No.3, as per the said order, confirmed the order passed by respondent No.1 dated 21.11.2023, whereby the petitioners came to be externed from the territorial limits of Akola District for a period of two years as per the provisions of Section 55 of the Maharashtra Police Act, 1951 (hereinafter referred to as "the Act of 1951"). Respondent No.1 issued the necessary directions to
the Sub-Divisional Police Officer, Akot, to conduct the inquiry in terms of Section 59 of the Act of 1951. The SDPO, Akot conducted the inquiry and submitted his report on 09.11.2023 to respondent No.1. Respondent No.1 issued notice to the petitioners on 13.11.2023 and called upon them to show cause as to why they shall not be externed, being the members of the gang, out of Akola Districts.
Respondent No.1 relied upon the following crimes for invoking the provisions of Section 55 of the Act of 1951 against the accused. The details of the crimes are as follows : Sr.
No.
Police Station Crime No.
Sections Case status 1.
Ramdaspeth 302 r/w 34 of the IPC Pending in Court 2.
Civil Lines 395 r/w 34 of the IPC Pending in Court Respondent No. 1 conducted the necessary inquiry and passed the order dated 21.11.2023. The petitioners, being aggrieved by the said order, challenged the said before
respondent No.3. Respondent No.3, on reconsideration of the material, recorded its agreement with respondent No.1 and confirmed the said order.
I have heard the learned Advocates for the parties. Perused the record and proceedings.
Learned Advocate for the petitioners submitted that neither in the notice nor in the order the basic requirements of Section 55 of the Act of 1951 have been made out. Learned Advocate pointed out that the crimes relied upon for passing the order were not committed by the petitioners together, as members of the gang. It is pointed out that, apart from the petitioners in those crimes, there are other co-accused. Learned Advocate submitted that it is not mentioned in the order that whether the offences are gang based or individualistic. The proceeding was not initiated against the coaccused in those crimes by respondent No.1. It is submitted
that there is no live link between two crimes. Learned Advocate submitted that there is a manifest error in the order passed by respondent No.1 as well as the order passed by respondent No.3 in the appeal. Learned Advocate submitted that the very foundation of the subjective satisfaction has been dented. Learned Advocate submitted that the fundamental right of movement of the accused has been infringed by such an order, which has wide ramifications as far as the lives of the petitioners and their family members are concerned. Learned APP submitted that in this case the basic requirements of Section 55 of the Act of 1951 have been satisfied and properly addressed by the respondents. Learned APP submitted that considering the serious nature of the crime committed by the petitioners their dispersal, as ordered by respondent No.1, was necessary.
I have gone through the record and proceedings.
Before proceeding to appreciate the facts and material placed on record it would be appropriate to consider the settled legal position. While deciding the Writ Petition No. 275 of 2024, I have considered earlier decisions in para Nos.10, 11 and 12. Para Nos.10, 11 and 12 are extracted below:
10.
I have gone through the record and proceedings. Learned Advocate for the petitioners to buttress his submission has relied upon the decision of the Division Bench of this Court at the Principal Seat in the case of Ahammad Mainuddin Shaikh .v/s. The State of Maharashtra and others1. It is further pointed out that the decision in the case of Ahammad Shaikh (supra) was considered by the Division Bench of the Bombay High Court in the case of Vijay Lalso Jadhav .v/s. State of Maharashtra and Ors.2 Learned Advocate submitted that the facts of this case and the facts of the cases relied upon by him are more or less similar.
11.
I have minutely perused the decisions relied upon by the learned Advocate for the petitioners. In my view, for the purpose of addressing the issue involved in this petition, it would be profitable to reproduce para No. 8 of the decision in the case of Ahammad Shaikh (supra). It read thus:
"8. Section 55 of the Act deals with dispersal of gangs and bodies of persons. It reads as under:- 2013 ALL MR (Cri.) 3804 2013 SCC OnLine Bom 1432
55. Dispersal of gangs and bodies of persons.
- Whenever it shall appear in Greater Bombay and in other areas in which a Commissioner is appointed under Section 7 to the Commissioner and in a district to the District Magistrate, the Sub-Divisional Magistrate or the Superintendent empowered by the State government in that behalf, that the movement or encampment of any gang or body of persons in the area in his charge is causing or is calculated to cause danger or alarm or reasonable suspicion that unlawful designs are entertained by such gang or body or by members thereof, such officer may, by notification addressed to the persons appearing to be the leaders or chief men of such gang or body and published by beat of drum or otherwise as such officer thinks fit, direct the members of such gang or body so to conduct themselves as shall seem necessary in order to prevent violence and alarm or disperse and each of them to remove himself outside the area within the local limits of his jurisdiction or such area and any district or districts, or any part thereof, contiguous thereto within such time as such officer shall prescribe, and not to enter area (for the areas and such contiguous districts, or part thereof as the case may be,) or return to the place from which each of them was directed to remove himself.
Upon a careful reading of this section, it becomes clear that, whenever it appears to the competent authority that the movement or encampment of any gang or body of persons in the area under his charge is causing or is calculated to cause danger or alarm or reasonable suspicion that unlawful designs are entertained by such gang or body of persons or by its members, such officer may by
notification addressed to the leaders or chief men of such gang or body of persons and suitably published, issue two types of directions. The first direction is about regulating of conduct of such gang or body of persons in a manner prescribed in the direction in order to prevent violence and alarm. Such direction, in the alternative, can also be in the form of an order for dispersal of members of such gang or body of persons. The second direction which follows the first one, is about removal of each of the members of the gang or body of persons outside the area within the local limits of jurisdiction of the competent authority. In suitable cases, the order of removal can also be from district or it's parts or together with contiguous districts or parts thereof.
This second direction, in order to be reasonable, has to be passed for a definite period of time. In the entire section, there is common thread of participation by all and collective action against all that holds together all it's parts. The section starts with gang or body of persons, sails through the dangerous impressions that the movement or encampment of gang or body of persons creates and ends with a direction of removal passed against each of the members of the gang or body of persons. This common thread is the essence of Section 55 and that is the mandate of the legislature.
In other words, Section 55 would be applicable only when the persons are seen to be acting as members of the gang or body of persons and it is only then that action under Section 55 of the Act can be taken and which is to be taken against all members and not only a few of them selectively." This decision was considered by the Division Bench in the case of Vijay Lalso Jadhav (supra). 12.
It is held that Section 55 of the Act of 1951 contemplates collective action against the gang or body of
persons and therefore, the final directions which are required to be issued in terms of the said section will have to be necessarily against each of the members of the gang and not against one or a few of them on a selective basis. It is held that the offences which are individualistic in nature against the members of the gang cannot be taken into consideration under Section 55. Section 55 would be applicable only when the persons are seen to be acting as members of the gang or body of persons and it is only then the action under Section 55 of the Act of 1951 can be taken and which is to be taken against all members and not only a few of them selectively."
Perusal of the notice and the order of externment would show that it is conspicuously silent as to which of the petitioners is the leader of the gang. In order to consider the applicability of the law to the facts of the case, it is necessary to highlight some of the facts. On perusal of the chart it is seen that in Crime No. 640 of 2022, there are seven accused. The petitioners are accused Nos. 5 and 6. It is seen that the proceeding under Section 55 was not initiated against other five co-accused. In crime No. 347 of 2018, there are also seven accused. It is the case of the respondents that these are the
offences committed by the petitioners, being the members of the gang together. In my view, the factual position is the other way round. There are other co-accused with the petitioners in those crimes.
It is to be noted that the order of externment has serious consequences qua the person externed as well as his family members. Such an order not only curtails his fundamental rights but, at the same time, compels said person to live separately from his family members. Such an order can deprive a person of his livelihood. Similarly, the family members are also made to suffer on that count. The order of externment under Section 55, having cascading consequences, is required to be passed on the basis of concrete material available on record. The order must be justified on the basis of the said material. In such a case, the crimes registered indicating their involvement as members of a gang are most vital. In this case, the notice issued to the petitioners is silent
as to which of the petitioners is the gang leader. It is also silent about the co-accused of the petitioners in those crimes. Respondent No.1 selectively initiate the proceedings against the petitioners. In my view, on this count, the subjective satisfaction arrived at by the respondents cannot be sustained. The subjective satisfaction has been recorded without having sufficient material on record.
It is further seen that the order suffers from the virus of excessiveness. They have been directed to remove themselves out of Akola District. I am conscious of the fact that such orders can be passed by the authority however, the authority must justify such an order by recording the reasons. The reasons recorded must be sound reasons. There must be material on record to arrive at a conclusion for passing such an order. Perusal of the order passed by respondent No.1 and respondent No.3, in appeal would show that no reasons have been recorded. The crimes registered against the petitioners
were at Ramdaspeth and Civil Lines police station. They have been externed from Akola District. The order of externment suffers from a virus of excessiveness. The reasons have not been recorded. Therefore, on this count also, the order cannot be sustained. In view of this, I conclude that there is substance in the petition. Accordingly, the petition is allowed. The order dated 21.11.2023 passed by respondent No.1- Superintendent of Police, Akola, externing the petitioners out of Akola Districts and the order dated 15.03.2024 passed by respondent No.3- Divisional Commissioner, Amravati, confirming the said order of externment are quashed and set aside.
Rule is made absolute in the above terms. The writ petition stands disposed of.
(G. A. SANAP, J.) Namrata Signed by: Miss Namrata Suryawanshi Designation: PA To Honourable Judge Date: 26/09/2024 19:13:18